{"title":"Decoupling Compensation Design for Multi-Load Inductive Power Transfer Utilizing Unipolar Coils","authors":"Dazhuang Liang;Ran Zhang;Yuan Liu;Sheng Zhang;Wei Hua;Chenwen Cheng","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559037","url":null,"abstract":"In the previous inductive power transfer (IPT) system with repeater coils for multiple loads, bipolar coils were usually adopted to reduce the cross-coupling between different units. However, the bipolar coil has a complex structure and features a short energy transmission distance. Thus, unipolar coils rather than bipolar coils are adopted in the proposed multi-load IPT system in this paper. Compared to bipolar coils, unipolar coils cause cross-coupling between any two coils, not only those inside the same unit but also those among different units. To compensate for the cross-coupling inside the same unit, capacitor compensation based on the T-type decoupling principle is adopted. Then, to achieve better constant current characteristics, the cross-couplings between coils in constant voltage (CV) loops of different units are compensated according to their proportional current characteristics. Moreover, this paper analyzes the factors affecting the load current attenuation and provides guidance for achieving better constant current characteristics. Finally, a three-load IPT system is fabricated, and the capacitance compensation effect and constant current characteristics of the system are verified. The maximum reachable system efficiency is about 86.8% through measurement.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7684-7693"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive Optimal Power Management for Hybrid Energy Input-Based EV Charging System With Multi-Mode Flow","authors":"Priyatosh Jena;Rajeev Kumar Singh;Vivek Nandan Lal","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559047","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable integrated electric vehicle (EV) DC charging systems have emerged as a revolutionary approach, combining the strengths of renewable energy and traditional power grids. This article presents an adaptive optimal power management (AOPM) scheme developed to enhance the performance of a hybrid energy input-based EV DC charging System, incorporating a renewable energy source (RES)-supported grid-integrated configuration. The system offers multi-mode bidirectional power flow, providing a comprehensive solution for DC charging systems, including grid-to-vehicle (G2V), vehicle-to-grid (V2G), RES-to-grid (RES2G), renewable energy storage system (RESS)-to-grid (RESS2G), and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V). The AOPM scheme governs all operations based on the available energy sources and load demand, seamlessly coupling and decoupling sub-systems to prevent power wastage, maximize RES utilization, and reduce grid tariffs. The operation is divided into various modes, ensuring seamless transitions without disrupting battery charging or compromising power quality. Additionally, the system intelligently places source-side converters in standby mode, adapting efficiently to worst-case scenarios. An experimental 10 kW peak prototype at technology readiness level (TRL)-6 validates the effective implementation of a state-of-the-art AOPM scheme for the E-Rickshaw charging system.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7421-7430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Moghassemi;Laxman Timilsina;S M Imrat Rahman;Ali Arsalan;Grace Muriithi;Elutunji Buraimoh;Gokhan Ozkan;Behnaz Papari;Christopher S. Edrington;Zheyu Zhang;Phani Kumar Chamarthi
{"title":"Real-time Improved Nearest Level Control for Power Electronics Building Blocks in All-Electric Ship Power Systems","authors":"Ali Moghassemi;Laxman Timilsina;S M Imrat Rahman;Ali Arsalan;Grace Muriithi;Elutunji Buraimoh;Gokhan Ozkan;Behnaz Papari;Christopher S. Edrington;Zheyu Zhang;Phani Kumar Chamarthi","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559049","url":null,"abstract":"Power electronics building block (PEBB) concept involves integrating fundamental components into functional blocks that can be stacked, extending converter power ratings for all-electric ships (AESs). This modular approach reduces costs, size, weight, design complexity, and maintenance. PEBBs can be realized as modular multi-level converters (MMCs), which offer advantages like modularity, low switching losses, minimal voltage/current quantization, high reliability, and efficiency. However, effective switching control methods are crucial to balance capacitor voltages and suppress circulating currents. This paper proposes an improved nearest level control (NLC) method that employs smoothed trapezoidal reference signals instead of sinusoidal references, aiming to enhance capacitor voltage balancing, suppress circulating currents, and improve the output power quality of PEBBs in AESs. The proposed NLC method is analyzed in real-time for an N-level PEBB connected to an induction machine (IM) with variable speed and torque load. The real-time verification is conducted in the Typhoon HIL606 digital real-time simulator (DRTS). The results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed NLC method for a three-phase N-level PEBB concept for AESs.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7656-7670"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Zeng;Jiayong Li;Yongheng Luo;Yi Yu;Cong Zhang;Lipeng Zhu
{"title":"Frequency Dynamics-Constrained Renewable Energy Hosting Capacity Evaluation With Synthetic Inertia and Multi-Resource Frequency Support","authors":"Yang Zeng;Jiayong Li;Yongheng Luo;Yi Yu;Cong Zhang;Lipeng Zhu","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559029","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing adoption of renewable energy, conventional synchronous generators (CSGs) are gradually substituted by the renewable energy generation units, resulting in a significant decline in the inertia level and anti-disturbance capability of power systems. Consequently, the frequency security problem becomes increasingly prominent, which in turn hinders the effective accommodation of renewable energy. Hence, this paper proposes a novel frequency dynamics-constrained evaluation method of renewable energy hosting capacity (REHC) in power systems to provide insightful guidance for the healthy development of renewable energy. Firstly, we analyze the dynamic response mechanism in frequency regulation using various resources including CSG, energy storage and renewable energy. Subsequently, the frequency security algebraic constraints are derived based on the first-order swing equation considering the heterogeneity of multi-resource response characteristics and load-damping effect. Then, we formulate the REHC evaluation model with frequency security constraints considering both economic and technical aspects. To reduce the computation complexity and guarantee high-level accuracy, the piecewise McCormick envelop method is employed to relax frequency security constraints as linear equations, hence converting the original problem into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Eventually, the proposed REHC evaluation method is tested on the modified IEEE 39-bus system, and its effectiveness is verified by the numerical results.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7780-7789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144868179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abd Alrahman Dawara;Roland Seebacher;Annette Muetze
{"title":"Zero-Sequence Current Elimination Strategy Based on Frequency-Adaptive Repetitive Control of OW Machines During Leg-Sharing Post-Fault Operation","authors":"Abd Alrahman Dawara;Roland Seebacher;Annette Muetze","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559050","url":null,"abstract":"Existing zero-sequence current (ZSC) elimination methods have unsatisfactory elimination performance during post-fault (PF) operation due to unequal dead time effects on the terminals of the open-end winding (OW) machine, resulting in a significant ZSC and unbalanced three-phase currents. This article proposes a new ZSC elimination strategy based on frequency-adaptive repetitive control (FARC) for OW machine drives to fully eliminate the ZSC during PF operation following inverter open circuit faults. In contrast to the traditional ZSC elimination methods, the proposed strategy can effectively eliminate the fundamental, triple, and additional frequency disturbances of the ZSC by only implementing ZSC closed-loop control. To this aim, a FARC based approach is proposed and designed to realize a zero steady-state tracking error of the ZSC loop by eliminating periodic disturbances that originate from both inverter and machine sides. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of the dead time effects on the ZSC during both healthy operation and PF operation is carried out. In addition, a decoupled space vector modulation technique is developed to produce the required zero-sequence voltage (ZSV) by unequally distributing the ZSC control signals of the legs of the two inverters within one duty cycle. Finally, the proposed strategy is verified via both simulations and experimentally on a dSPACE platform with an OW induction machine.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7318-7329"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10959086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arjita Pal;Pooyan Alinaghi Hosseinabadi;Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi;Hemanshu R. Pota
{"title":"A Black Start Solution for Voltage-Controlled Inverters With Chattering-Free Fixed-Time Sliding Mode Power Synchronization Control","authors":"Arjita Pal;Pooyan Alinaghi Hosseinabadi;Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi;Hemanshu R. Pota","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559033","url":null,"abstract":"Inverter-based generations can play a vital role in power system restoration, especially for aiding system recovery through black start capability, rendering them crucial in contemporary grid resilience strategies. This paper presents a novel chattering-free fixed-time sliding mode power synchronization control (FSMPSC) approach specifically designed to enhance such black start capability of voltage-controlled (VC) inverters. The key aim of this controller is to enhance the robustness of the closed-loop system, facilitating the seamless integration of the inverter using grid-forming (GFM) control with the utility grid under various grid conditions. Remarkably, this integration is achieved without needing an additional synchronization unit, such as a phase-locked loop (PLL). The proposed controller significantly improves grid synchronization, allowing for a smooth transition of the inverter from off-grid to grid-connected modes while maintaining voltage source characteristics. The fixed-time stability analysis for the closed-loop system under the proposed controller is analytically derived by selecting an appropriate candidate Lyapunov function. This analysis facilitates the definition of an advanced form of sliding surface and control law, ensuring chattering minimization without compromising the fast response and robustness of the proposed controller. The real-time viability of the controller is authenticated by the experimental tests conducted in a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) setup.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"8015-8026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144868181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid Design Optimization of Planar Magnetic Coupler for Undersea IPT Utilizing Electromagnetics-Embedded Neural Networks","authors":"Jixie Xie;Jia Li;Chong Zhu;Xi Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559048","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic couplers are a crucial component of undersea inductive power transfer (IPT) systems. Existing research on undersea IPT has focused on magnetic structure design. The impact of design parameters on the performance of undersea magnetic coupler mechanisms is mainly evaluated utilizing finite element method (FEM), which is time-consuming for design optimization. A systematic design optimization methodology for magnetic couplers to achieve high power density and efficiency is lacking. In this paper, a model embedding electromagnetics and backpropagation neural network (BPNN) is developed to calculate two essential electromagnetic parameters: mutual inductance and power loss of magnetic couplers based on design parameters. Compared to analytical methods, the proposed model demonstrates superior accuracy and can model more complicated eddy current problems. The proposed model also features a simpler network structure and requires a smaller dataset (less than 50% ) than pure-data-driven approaches. Moreover, this methodology exhibits greater design flexibility over FEM with a significant reduction in optimization time by at least six orders of magnitude. The objective functions and constraints are established for multi-objective optimization. FEM and a 1.5 kW prototype verify the proposed method. The optimization objectives calculated using the proposed model are highly consistent with FEM results and experimental results, with an error of less than 5.1%.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7694-7706"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling of PMSMs Considering Spatial Harmonics, Interturn Short-Circuit Faults, and Zero-Sequence Components","authors":"Geoffrey Postal;Frederik De Belie;Johan Gyselinck","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559020","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a rotor-position dependent (RPD) model for permanent-magnet synchronous machines (surface-mounted or interior permanent-magnet) considering both space harmonics, interturn short-circuit faults and zero-sequence components. First, the healthy machine model is obtained. Magnetic saturation is disregarded such that the machine inductances depend only on the rotor position, allowing for a relatively straightforward derivation of the relations between flux-linkages, torque, currents, and rotor position using Fourier series. Secondly, the faulty machine rotor-position dependent model is derived assuming that the effect of the precise location of the faulty turns inside the slot is negligible. Thirdly, the impact of the precise location of the faulty turns inside the slot is evaluated. Finally, the rotor-position dependent model is validated with a finite-element model in Gmsh/GetDP and with experimental results obtained with an IPMSM rewound to allow emulation of interturn short-circuit. Comparison with the conventional constant-parameter (CP) model is also provided.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7095-7104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical Calculation for Transient and Sub-Transient Parameters of Dual-Excited Synchronous Generator Based on Time-Stepping Finite Element Model","authors":"Guorui Xu;Guangliang Yang;Haipeng Shen;Miao Liu;Bingye Li;Wenmao Liu;Yang Zhan;Xueshen Cui;Haisen Zhao","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559031","url":null,"abstract":"The Dual-Excited Synchronous Generator (DESG) has two sets of field windings on the rotor, thus it has better stability and reliability than the traditional synchronous generator. However, the transient parameters of the DESG are different from those of the traditional synchronous generator due to the different rotor structure of the two generators. In this paper, a three-dimensional electromagnetic field model in the end region of a 300-MW DESG is established and the magnetic density and energy density in the end region of DESG are calculated and compared under the different operating conditions. The stator and rotor end leakage reactances are calculated by the energy method. Under the different operating conditions, the end leakage reactance of q-axis field winding varies by 11%, which is the largest compared to those of the d-axis field winding and stator winding. Based on that, the end leakage reactances are substituted into the two-dimensional field-circuit coupled time-stepping finite element model (FCCTSFEM), which is used to calculate the frequency characteristic of the DESG. The transient and sub-transient parameters of the DESG are calculated by combining the FCCTSFEM and the frequency domain method. The influence of the slot wedge material on the transient and sub-transient parameters are studied. Along with the increase of the rotor slot wedge conductivity, the transient and sub-transient reactances are reduced and the transient and sub-transient time constants are increased. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the parameter calculation of the DESG.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7084-7094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Statistical Prediction Method of AC Copper Loss in Random Wound Windings of Electrical Machines","authors":"Xinggang Fan;Jiarui Liu;Ziyi Liang;Lei Li;Haiyang Fang;Dawei Li;Wubin Kong;Ronghai Qu","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3559045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3559045","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the random behavior of conductors in machines with random windings, it is difficult to predict and calculate the Alternating Current (AC) copper loss. This paper proposes a practical statistical simulation method to predict the AC copper loss in the random windings of electrical machines. The method is based on a semi-analytical method for evaluating AC copper loss. To feature the random characteristics of windings whilst minimizing complexity, a statistical winding model is established. This model uses only three parameters to control the generation of conductor arrangements with different degrees of mixing. These three parameters are calibrated by the measured data from a repeatedly inserted coil group, rather than a series of wound stator prototypes, thus significantly reducing the cost in a research and development (R&D) process. Thereafter, the statistical model with calibrated parameters is used to predict the AC copper loss of the full machine. A 48-slot 4-pole stator is used to illustrate and validate the method. The proposed method can be used to fast and practically predict the characteristics of the AC copper loss during the early stages of machine design.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 5","pages":"7035-7045"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}