IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications最新文献_第10页

Carbon-Aware Spatial-Temporal Scheduling for Multiple AI Data Center Parks With Training and Inference Workloads Characteristics 具有训练和推理工作负载特征的多人工智能数据中心园区碳感知时空调度

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3678569

Jianpei Han;Ershun Du;Bojun Du;Yaowang Li;Ning Zhang;Chongqing Kang

{"title":"Carbon-Aware Spatial-Temporal Scheduling for Multiple AI Data Center Parks With Training and Inference Workloads Characteristics","authors":"Jianpei Han;Ershun Du;Bojun Du;Yaowang Li;Ning Zhang;Chongqing Kang","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3678569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3678569","url":null,"abstract":"The explosion of large models and generative artificial intelligence (AI) applications has led to the rapid development of AI data center (AIDC), raising significant concerns over their energy consumption and carbon emissions. Furthermore, AIDC’s workload, divergent in its training and inference phases, introduces novel challenges that are not adequately addressed by conventional optimization techniques. In this regard, this study focuses on multiple geographically distributed AIDC parks, and a carbon-aware spatial-temporal scheduling strategy is proposed with detailed training and inference workloads characteristics. Firstly, the system architecture and the carbon-aware scheduling framework of multiple AIDC parks are presented. Secondly, the power consumption and carbon emission models of the AIDC park are established, which incorporate the differentiated characteristics of training and inference workloads. Subsequently, the continuity-constrained workload migration mechanism is developed, and the spatial-temporal flexibility models of the AIDC park are established. Then, the carbon-aware spatial-temporal scheduling strategy with chance constraints is formulated via the multi-objective optimization framework, wherein the <inline-formula><tex-math>$varepsilon $</tex-math></inline-formula>-constraint method and Big-M linearization technique are synergistically integrated for model transformation and dimensionality reduction solution. Finally, the case study based on a simplified urban computing power network with three AIDC parks is conducted. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed strategy reduces operating costs by at least 1.69% and carbon emissions by 4.5% compared with four alternative schemes, while maintaining computational tractability.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8437-8451"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design Considerations for High-Temperature Motors for Special Applications 特殊应用高温电机的设计注意事项

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3655661

Santosh Ghosh;Ravindra Birajdar;Kiran Gosavi;Vinod Kumar Yadav

{"title":"Design Considerations for High-Temperature Motors for Special Applications","authors":"Santosh Ghosh;Ravindra Birajdar;Kiran Gosavi;Vinod Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3655661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3655661","url":null,"abstract":"The power density of electrical machines has increased significantly over the last century due to tremendous advancements in material science, particularly in the electrical insulation systems (EIS) domain. However, both industry and academia have limited experience with the design and production of electrical machines operating at winding temperatures above 240°C, owing to the application threshold temperature of EISs and other challenges associated with design, manufacturing, and testing. This article examines the key considerations for addressing these challenges and surpassing the prevailing threshold temperature. The design approach for these specialized machines, capable of continuous operation at 350°C, is presented. Additionally, the impact of temperature on various motor performance metrics is examined using finite element analysis (FEA) and further validated through an experimental study. Surpassing the temperature rise limit of conventional polymer-based EIS will enable higher power density, thereby reducing the consumption of critical and precious materials and helping the motor industry better align with green manufacturing initiatives. Furthermore, as components and systems related to the cooling circuit become redundant, system reliability and availability will improve, which is essential for the nuclear, aerospace, medical, and transportation industries.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"7055-7064"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comprehensive Comparison Between Permanent Magnet Rotor and Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Rotor for Low-Speed High Torque Motors 低速大转矩电机永磁转子与永磁辅助同步磁阻转子的综合比较

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3675100

Na Huang;Zhengyu He;Guanghui Du;Keda Wang;Hongji Liu;Wanning Li;Huichong Sun;Gang Lei;Jianguo Zhu

{"title":"A Comprehensive Comparison Between Permanent Magnet Rotor and Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Rotor for Low-Speed High Torque Motors","authors":"Na Huang;Zhengyu He;Guanghui Du;Keda Wang;Hongji Liu;Wanning Li;Huichong Sun;Gang Lei;Jianguo Zhu","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3675100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3675100","url":null,"abstract":"At present, there are many studies on reducing the amount of permanent magnets by using the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance (PMa-SynR) rotor structure in the field of constant speed and high speed motors. However, the research on the application of PMa-SynR rotor structure in the field of low-speed high-torque permanent magnet motor (LSHTPMM) is missing. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to explore the application value of PMa-SynR rotor structure in the field of low speed and high torque, especially to explore whether the use of PMa-SynR rotor structure can greatly reduce the amount of rare earth permanent magnets. Firstly, according to the design and manufacture requirements, two 55 kW, 152 rpm LSHTPMMs with interior V-shaped rotor structure and PMa-SynR rotor structure are designed respectively, and the influence of design parameters of interior V-shaped rotor and PMa-SynR rotor on electromagnetic performance is analyzed. Secondly, the multi-objective optimization design of the two motors is carried out to obtain the optimal rotor design scheme of the two motors. Thirdly, the electromagnetic characteristics of the two optimized motors, the weight and cost of the permanent magnet materials and the temperature characteristics are compared and analyzed. Finally, two prototypes with different rotor structures were fabricated for experimental verification.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"7178-7193"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Black-Start Restoration Within the Data-Center-Integrated Power System Based on Distributed Optimization 基于分布式优化的数据中心集成电力系统黑启动恢复

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3677841

Shunqi Wang;Tao Ding;Yujie Ding;Yueyang Yang

{"title":"Black-Start Restoration Within the Data-Center-Integrated Power System Based on Distributed Optimization","authors":"Shunqi Wang;Tao Ding;Yujie Ding;Yueyang Yang","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3677841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3677841","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of modern economics, the dependence of socio-economic structure on electricity has grown increasingly pronounced. Consequently, the occurrence of large-scale power outages would result in substantial risks to public safety and economic losses. This study investigates the distributed black-start restoration strategy within the data center (DC) integrated power system. Recognizing the disparities in disaster response capabilities across various DCs, the study proposes a disaster restoration model of DCs accounting for differences in power supply levels. Furthermore, this study develops a linearized black-start restoration model of the power system in view of DC load adjustment. Lastly, this study presents a distributed optimization algorithm based on space exploration and unimodal region elimination for privacy protection between data center operators and the system operator. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of restoration coordination among generation sources, the grid, and loads. Besides, it is proven that the proposed distributed algorithm can effectively realize the maximal restored load on the premise of preserving the data privacy of each entity.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8530-8544"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grid-Intelligent AI Data Centres for Primary Response 电网智能人工智能数据中心的主要响应

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3678552

Yihong Zhou;Thomas Morstyn

{"title":"Grid-Intelligent AI Data Centres for Primary Response","authors":"Yihong Zhou;Thomas Morstyn","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3678552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3678552","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has driven the growth of GPU-intensive data centres dedicated to AI workloads, which have a greater power demand that stresses grid capacity. While the potential for data centres to provide grid flexibility has been studied previously, it remains unclear whether AI-dedicated data centres can deliver fast-timescale services like primary response, which are highly valuable for the grid and only require short-duration power deviations. To address this gap, this work presents the first power-system-oriented real-world experiments conducted on NVIDIA RTX 2080 Ti and A6000 GPUs running AI training workloads. We show that dynamic power capping—supported by most NVIDIA GPUs—enables rapid power control capable of primary response. Although we observe that power capping introduces transient power deviations, this issue reduces to an acceptable level when many GPUs are capped simultaneously. When aggregated across 50 A6000 GPUs, over 99.7% of the power response remains within the performance bounds of the Dynamic Containment service, a representative U.K. primary response service. To account for varying Quality of Service (QoS) costs and power response accuracy across GPU nodes, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL) controller for efficient real-time power capping. We use GPU hardware measurements to develop a simulation environment for RL training and testing, and demonstrate that the proposed RL controller achieves the highest tracking accuracy at a comparably low QoS cost, compared with benchmarks including two heuristic controllers and an optimisation-based controller with near-perfect information. These findings establish AI data centres as viable, high-value assets for delivering fast-timescale grid services.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8558-8571"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computing-Electricity-Water Synergy-Based Expansion Planning of Sustainable Data Center 基于计算-电-水协同的可持续数据中心扩展规划

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3654508

Yingping Cao;Kuan Zhang;Ziqiang Wang;Chaojie Li;Hong Tan;Yi Yu;Chi Yung Chung

{"title":"Computing-Electricity-Water Synergy-Based Expansion Planning of Sustainable Data Center","authors":"Yingping Cao;Kuan Zhang;Ziqiang Wang;Chaojie Li;Hong Tan;Yi Yu;Chi Yung Chung","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3654508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3654508","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a stochastic-robust computing-electricity-water planning strategy for the cost-effective deployment of sustainable data centers (DCs). This strategy not only considers the tight coupling interactions of energy, workload and water flow to meet dynamic service requirements of DCs, but also can co-optimize the investment decisions related to electricity and water delivery network expansions to mitigate long-term siting risks. Moreover, a temperature-aware power and water demand model is proposed to enhance operational flexibility in DC expansion planning, and a modified thermodynamic formulation of DCs is formulated to explore the interdependencies between electricity and cooling water demands of DCs on ambient temperature fluctuations by integrating a variable resistor. To address the fact that higher computing capacities of DCs will attract more workloads, a stochastic-robust programming approach is employed, which considers both decision-independent uncertainties from renewable generation, electricity load and water consumption, as well as demand-induced uncertainties related to investment behaviors. Furthermore, a Parametric Column-and-Constraint Generation (PC&CG) algorithm with multiple linearization techniques is presented to alleviate the computational complexity of the original DC planning problem and quantitatively assess demand-driven workload uncertainties. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in achieving an economical investment portfolio of sustainable DCs.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8586-8598"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrical Conductivity Measurement of Additively Manufactured Components 增材制造元件的电导率测量

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3660797

Anna Ermakova;Dominic North;Nick Simpson

{"title":"Electrical Conductivity Measurement of Additively Manufactured Components","authors":"Anna Ermakova;Dominic North;Nick Simpson","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3660797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3660797","url":null,"abstract":"Metal Additive Manufacturing is an enabling technology in realising novel windings for high-efficiency, high-power-density electrical machines and wound components, essential in meeting future Net Zero ambitions. However, the nature of additive fabrication processes can lead to variability in resulting electrical properties. This study aims to establish a reliable and repeatable measurement procedure specifically tailored to metallic additively manufactured materials to support accurate design in electrical applications. A practical measurement protocol based on ASTM B193 is presented to establish the electrical conductivity and temperature coefficient of resistance of additively manufactured conductors. A standardised serpentine specimen geometry is proposed to satisfy the dimensional criteria of the standard while accounting for the typical build limitations of additive manufacturing processes, thereby improving manufacturing efficiency. Two measurement arrangements, high and low current, were investigated in combination with two temperature control methods, namely, steady state and transient. The results show a strong correlation with established reference data, validating the accuracy, repeatability, and robustness of the proposed approach. Among the tested configurations, the low current steady state arrangement yielded the highest precision, with a mean error of 2.2%, followed by the high current transient method at 4.4%, demonstrating the suitability of the method.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8300-8307"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Charging Coordination Strategy for Seamless Integration of Plug-In Electric Vehicles Into a Distribution Network 插电式电动汽车与配电网无缝集成的充电协调策略

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3656151

Jajna Prasad Sahoo;S. Sivasubramani

{"title":"A Charging Coordination Strategy for Seamless Integration of Plug-In Electric Vehicles Into a Distribution Network","authors":"Jajna Prasad Sahoo;S. Sivasubramani","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3656151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3656151","url":null,"abstract":"The growing adoption of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has significantly increased electricity demand, necessitating upgrades to both the power grid and charging infrastructure. Uncoordinated charging of PEVs can result in an increased power losses and the overloading of distribution lines, leading to higher operational costs. This work proposes a coordinated charging methodology that incorporates both grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operations to facilitate the smooth incorporation of PEVs in distribution system. To assess the technical and economic implications of PEV adoption, a comprehensive charging strategy is developed to minimize the operational costs of charging stations (CSs). The problem is modeled as a single-objective optimization task and solved using the exponential distribution-based particle swarm optimization (EDPSO), effectively reducing energy costs, reducing system power losses, and preventing overloading. For comparison, the proposed model is also solved using the advanced PSO (APSO), and the basic PSO. The methodology is tested on a 33-bus radial distribution network, integrating CSs located at industrial nodes with solar and wind energy. Feasibility is analyzed under scenarios including and excluding solar and wind energy to ensure that distribution connections remain within safe limits despite the addition of PEVs.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"7777-7789"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small-Signal Analysis of Current-Limiting Grid-Forming Inverters 限流并网逆变器的小信号分析

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3655646

Bowen Yang;Nathan Baeckeland;Gab-Su Seo

{"title":"Small-Signal Analysis of Current-Limiting Grid-Forming Inverters","authors":"Bowen Yang;Nathan Baeckeland;Gab-Su Seo","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3655646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3655646","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-forming (GFM) inverters are equipped with a current limiter to protect the device during grid disturbances. Because the intervention of the current limiter can compromise the transient stability of the GFM inverter, various types of current limiter designs and additional frequency-stabilization control methods have been proposed in recent literature to aid in transient GFM inverter stability; however, the small-signal stability implications of adding these additional control blocks during, in particular, off-nominal conditions are not fully understood. To address this challenge, this paper presents a generic small-signal model of a GFM inverter that incorporates various types of current limiters and frequency stability-enhancing controls. With the proposed model, we analyze the root causes of inverter instability, which reveals two critical design trade-offs. First, due to current-limiter engagement caused by a disturbance, the GFM inverter dynamics are altered, which can lead to voltage oscillations. Second, additional frequency-stabilization controls can improve the small-signal stability of the GFM inverter, but at the cost of reduced power and voltage support to the grid. Comprehensive hardware experiments validate the theoretical concept and analysis. The findings in this work underscore the importance of incorporating both transient-response and small-signal dynamics requirements into the design procedure of GFM current limiters and frequency-stabilization controls.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"7661-7677"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Second-Order Cone Programming Approach to Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Optimal Active and Reactive Power Dispatch for Microgrid System 微电网有功和无功最优调度非线性模型预测控制的二阶锥规划方法

IF 5.2 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2026.3675212

Donlapat Dechawatanapaisal;Nattakit Prapanwattana;David Banjerdpongchai;Abhishek Rajan

{"title":"A Second-Order Cone Programming Approach to Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Optimal Active and Reactive Power Dispatch for Microgrid System","authors":"Donlapat Dechawatanapaisal;Nattakit Prapanwattana;David Banjerdpongchai;Abhishek Rajan","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3675212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3675212","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to enhance Energy Management System (EMS) in a microgrid by integrating Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) with Optimal Active and Reactive Power Dispatch in accordance with Optimal Power Flow techniques. In power system architecture, we consider the setting of tap-changing transformers and reactive power compensators as additional decision variables in the microgrid. This approach enables efficient and reliable system operation by minimizing Total Power Loss in transmission lines while considering Total Operating Cost (TOC) and Total Carbon Dioxide Emissions (TCOE). We then formulate the multi-objective function by combining these three objective functions and name the new function Combined Economic, Emission, and Power Loss. The proposed work leverages NMPC to optimize power dispatch from various energy sources within the microgrid on a time-varying basis. The NMPC problem can be cast as a Second-Order Cone Program. This proposed formulation proves that reactive power dispatch can be applied successfully with real power dispatch in the NMPC for better energy management in a microgrid. It reduces power loss in transmission lines and improves overall energy efficiency. Additionally, because of lower power loss, it leads to a decrease in both TOC and TCOE compared to the previous EMS without reactive power dispatch. Moreover, the proposed approach transforms the nonconvex problem into the convex SOCP which can be solved with an efficient solver, such as the interior-point method, and global optimality can be guaranteed. To prove the theoretical result, the proposed EMS is validated through simulations on the Mae Hong Son microgrid.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8102-8120"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0