{"title":"Design and Experimental Verification of a Reluctance-Based Magnetic Lead Screw With Flux-Concentrating Structure for High Thrust Density and Manufacturability","authors":"Hayate Ayuzawa;Akira Heya;Yoshihiro Nakata;Yuta Kondo;Tsuyoshi Inoue","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3675220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3675220","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic lead screws (MLSs) enable non-contact conversion of rotational motion to linear motion via magnetic force. Conventional MLSs often require numerous small permanent magnets (PMs) on both the screw and the nut, which increases the assembly complexity and manufacturing cost. A simplified structure called a reluctance-based MLS with consequent-pole (RBMLS-CP), in which radially magnetized arc-shaped PMs and helical ferromagnetic poles are alternately arranged along the nut circumference, was also proposed. This configuration improves manufacturability but exhibits reduced thrust and stiffness. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents an RBMLS with a flux-concentrating structure (RBMLS-FCS) that realizes high thrust density and manufacturability. We calculated the thrust characteristics of the proposed MLS using a three-dimensional finite element method. The results showed that RBMLS-FCS achieved a 60.6% increase in thrust density compared with RBMLS-CP. Furthermore, a prototype was fabricated, and the thrust performance and positioning accuracy were evaluated experimentally. Micrometer-level positioning accuracy was achieved by applying PID control, with an average positioning error of −4.5 μm observed at a 32-mm step input.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"7194-7208"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrei Mihai Gross-Muresan;Milovan Majstorovic;Francisco Jesús Matas-Díaz;Goran Dobric;Manuel Barragán-Villarejo;José María Maza-Ortega
{"title":"Independent Per-Phase Power Control in Four-Leg Virtual Synchronous Generators","authors":"Andrei Mihai Gross-Muresan;Milovan Majstorovic;Francisco Jesús Matas-Díaz;Goran Dobric;Manuel Barragán-Villarejo;José María Maza-Ortega","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3661519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3661519","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution grids are facing a great transformation in recent years with the advent of smart grid technologies. Particularly, more and more controllable devices, based on power electronics, are being deployed in this part of the power system. These interfacing devices are in charge of the active power management of many resources ranging from renewable energy sources to energy storage systems. For this reason, it has to be considered that power electronics may provide valuable ancillary services for improving the operation of distribution networks. With this regard, it is important to stress that low-voltage distribution systems and microgrids are by nature unbalanced due to single-phase loads. Consequently, the flexibility requirements and control capacities of converters interfacing distributed resources have to be greater with respect to those of balanced systems. This work proposes independent power control for each phase of a three-phase, four-wire virtual synchronous generator specially suited for these unbalanced environments. The technical feasibility of the control approach has been successfully validated through several Control Hardware-in-the-Loop tests analyzing both steady-state and transient responses as well as the performance on a microgrid scenario. In this last scenario, the performance of the proposal has been also compared to a virtual synchronous generator based on symmetric components decomposition.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"7485-7497"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11372210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated Decision-Making Methodology for Low-Carbon Data Center Siting, Dispatch, and Transmission Based on Wind-Solar-Hydro-Computing Synergy","authors":"Xianyong Xiao;Shan Jiang;Zixuan Zheng;Mingshun Zhang;Yu Chen;Xiaoyuan Chen","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3654490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3654490","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of renewable energy (RE) systems into data center presents a critical pathway against high electricity costs and carbon emissions. However, this transition faces huge challenges of source-load compatibility and economic feasibility. This study proposes an integrated multi-stage framework addressing three-dimensional synergies among site selection, multi-energy dispatch, and transmission planning for RE-powered data centers. First, a geospatial evaluation methodology is developed to identify optimal data center locations through multi-criteria analysis. Second, a multi-energy complementary dispatch model is formulated to coordinate wind, solar, hydroelectric resources with dynamic computing loads. Third, a techno-economic comparison is conducted between direct-current and alternating-current transmission systems employing life-cycle cost analysis. A case study in Liangshan Prefecture in China demonstrates that the optimized solution achieves 100% renewable energy utilization rate, and identifies direct-current transmission as more economically viable for 110 kV medium-voltage applications. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers and infrastructure planners seeking to balance sustainability goals with economic feasibility in RE-powered data center deployments.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8599-8610"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bianca Magalhães;José Pombo;Maria do Rosário Calado;Silvio José Pinto Simões Mariano;Miguel Louro
{"title":"Energy Management Strategy for Renewable Communities Providing Flexibility Services","authors":"Bianca Magalhães;José Pombo;Maria do Rosário Calado;Silvio José Pinto Simões Mariano;Miguel Louro","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3655666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3655666","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses a flexible energy management strategy for a hybrid renewable energy system, focusing on photovoltaic, battery, and hydrogen storage systems. Three scenarios were analyzed to explore more sustainable and self-sufficient approaches: (1) a conventional microgrid, (2) a Renewable Energy Community, and (3) a community providing grid flexibility. The results show that it is possible to reduce dependence on conventional electricity grids, emphasizing the importance of sharing energy within a community. It is also possible to use the various resources to provide flexibility services to grid operators, thus receiving adequate compensation while facilitating the connection of more renewable energy to the existing grid. The study offers insights into system efficiency and a smaller grid dependency while considering flexibility services, as well as significant contributions to the sizing of generation and storage facilities for self-consumption and management of renewable energies.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"7641-7650"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun-Shen Chia;Wen-Shan Tan;Ze Yang Ding;Wendy Kee Xuan Wong;Savini Disanka Jayasuriya;Yuan-Kang Wu
{"title":"Deep Learning Based Hybrid Assisted Stochastic Unit Commitment With Transportable Energy Storage","authors":"Jun-Shen Chia;Wen-Shan Tan;Ze Yang Ding;Wendy Kee Xuan Wong;Savini Disanka Jayasuriya;Yuan-Kang Wu","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3675077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3675077","url":null,"abstract":"The computation load of the Transportable Energy Storage System with Stochastic Unit Commitment (TESS-SUC), when modelled as Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem, is very demanding, especially with complex transportation topology and large power system. This paper proposes a Deep Learning (DL) based model to reduce the optimization time of TESS-SUC while retaining close-to-optimal solutions. Hybrid Assistance (HA), a novel approach that leverages DL to support the optimization of the TESS-SUC MILP problem, is proposed. HA ensures a reduction in computation time, keeping the solution close-to-optimal and avoids the violation of constraints made by DL’s prediction. Simulations on the IEEE 118-bus system with a Transportable Energy Storage (TES) showed that 94.52% of computation time reduction can be achieved while retaining the optimality of the solution with about 0.06% gap from the optimal solution, without any violation of constraints. Results further revealed that among various types of binary variables, assisting the solver with unit commitment decision variables is the most effective strategy for reducing computation time. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated that optimizing precision and recall metrics for UC and TES binary variables, respectively, can further enhance the accuracy of DL predictions and ensure greater reduction of computation time.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8226-8236"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensorless Flying Start of Synchronous Reluctance Drive Based on Opposite Voltage Vector Pulses","authors":"Luka Pravica;Filip Jukić;Damir Sumina;Igor Erceg","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3656137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3656137","url":null,"abstract":"Synchronous reluctance machines (SynRMs) are increasingly used in applications such as electric drives and energy conversion systems. In addition to standard control algorithms, certain applications, especially those that consider a priori rotating SynRMs, require a flying start procedure where the rotor speed and position should be estimated before the SynRM is connected to the converter. This synchronization between the converter and the SynRM minimizes the inrush current and prevents torque disturbances. In this paper, a novel method of flying start for SynRMs is proposed based on the application of symmetrical and opposite active voltage pulses together with two zero-voltage vectors and a generalized second-order integrator with a frequency-locked loop (SOGI-FLL). By applying such a voltage pattern to the terminals of a rotating SynRM, phase currents are induced whose sampled counterparts follow the sine waveform. Based on the derived machine model in the stationary <inline-formula><tex-math>$alpha beta$</tex-math></inline-formula> reference frame for such discontinuous operation of the SynRM, the induced <inline-formula><tex-math>$beta$</tex-math></inline-formula>-axis current is inherently free of DC offset and is directly used as input to the SOGI-FLL to estimate the rotor angle and speed. Moreover, the voltage pattern based on the opposite vector pulses followed by the zero-voltage vectors also reduces the current distortion and torque ripple, which improves the estimation accuracy and reduces the mechanical stress. The proposed method was first verified by simulations in MATLAB/Simulink and then experimentally validated in a laboratory setup, confirming the practical feasibility and robustness of the method.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"7272-7282"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11364061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-Task Learning Network-Based Condition Assessment of GIS Partial Discharge: Diagnosis and Severity Evaluation","authors":"Yanxin Wang;Jing Yan;Jianhua Wang;Yingsan Geng;Dipti Srinivasan","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3675099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3675099","url":null,"abstract":"Current methods for assessing the state of partial discharge (PD) in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) often treat the diagnosis and severity evaluation tasks independently, which limits model performance and overlooks the role of defect types in the PD development stages. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel multi-task network for the condition assessment of PD in GIS. Firstly, a lightweight attention combined with an expert network module is introduced to explore the correlations between different tasks while retaining their unique features. Secondly, we incorporate a convolutional neural network (CNN)-Transformer module to capture both local and global features of GIS PD signals. Finally, we implement a dynamic weight averaging method for the multi-task network, which adaptively adjusts the loss weights via the variation rate of the losses of each sub-task. We conducted experiments on two GIS PD datasets with different insulating gases. Experimental results demonstrate that the multi-task network significantly improves the performance of each sub-task in GIS condition assessment, advancing the development stage evaluation of PD for various insulation defects. Furthermore, experiments on two types of insulating gases validate the generalization and versatility of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8159-8168"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Women in Engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3714254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3714254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8702-8702"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11701693","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Energy Management and Infrastructure Planning for Sustainable Data Center in the Digital Era","authors":"Zhaohao Ding;Wei-Jen Lee;Thomas Morstyn;Fei Teng;Payman Dehghanian;Yuejun Yan;Jing Dai;Xuan Wei;Dinesh Kumar;Yuan-Kang Wu","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3709696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3709696","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial outlines the contributions of the special issue, Energy Management and Infrastructure Planning for Sustainable Data center in the Digital Era. Driven by the rapid growth of large models, cloud computing, and IoT services, data centers (DCs) have become critical global infrastructures. Compared to the state-of-the-art, which predominantly treats DCs as passive electrical loads, this special issue presents a paradigm shift by exploring DCs as highly flexible grid-responsive resources. A total of 26 high-quality papers were selected, introducing emerging methodologies spanning deep reinforcement learning, multi-agent game theory, carbon-aware spatiotemporal scheduling, and cross-domain synergy frameworks. These works push the current technological boundaries by offering pioneering solutions for DCs in power demand flexibility characterization, energy-aware workload scheduling, smart grid demand response, multi-resource sustainable infrastructure planning, and market-driven regulatory policy designs. In addition to summarizing the core technical innovations of each accepted paper, we extend our sincere appreciation to the editorial board and technical administrators for their invaluable support.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8359-8365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11594061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paolo Castello;Guglielmo Frigo;Giacomo Gallus;Paolo Attilio Pegoraro;Davide Sitzia;Sergio Toscani
{"title":"The Role of White Rabbit Protocol for the Next-Generation Power System Applications","authors":"Paolo Castello;Guglielmo Frigo;Giacomo Gallus;Paolo Attilio Pegoraro;Davide Sitzia;Sergio Toscani","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2026.3661376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2026.3661376","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring and control applications in modern power systems rely on a distributed infrastructure that needs to be accurately synchronized. However, traditional time/frequency dissemination techniques may prove to be insufficient to attain the desired level of accuracy and resilience. In this context, the present paper discusses the benefits enabled by adopting the White Rabbit (WR) protocol, which guarantees excellent time synchronization through the accurate estimation and correction of the time-delays between each node. Different hardware architectures have been proposed, implemented and compared, and experimental results highlight the remarkable timebase stability and accuracy achievable through WR. The standard deviation of the offset from the time reference is about 10 nanoseconds, which may be further improved through higher performance hardware. Finally, starting from these results, this paper shows that WR technology, supported by Field Programmable Gate Array-based instruments, can complement Global Navigation Satellite System and Precision Time Protocol Power Utility Profile in future power system applications, including high-performance merging units, harmonic synchrophasor estimation, and traveling wave-based fault location.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"62 5","pages":"8078-8091"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}