ImmunotherapyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-03-18DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2644799
Krešimir Tomić, Kristina Katić, Zoran Gatalica, Gordan Srkalović, Maja Pezer Naletilić, Eduard Vrdoljak, Semir Vranić
{"title":"Immunotherapy of endometrial cancer: a review of recent advances.","authors":"Krešimir Tomić, Kristina Katić, Zoran Gatalica, Gordan Srkalović, Maja Pezer Naletilić, Eduard Vrdoljak, Semir Vranić","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2644799","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2644799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has become a transformative pillar in cancer treatment, offering significant improvements in survival and reducing treatment-related side effects compared to traditional therapies. In gynecologic cancers, ICIs have transformed the treatment of endometrial (EC) and cervical cancers, whereas they have not demonstrated clinical benefit in ovarian cancer. This review examines the current state of ICI advancements in EC. Given the unique immunological characteristics of EC, a comprehensive understanding of advancements is crucial for optimizing decision-making and patient outcomes. While ICIs have demonstrated robust and durable efficacy in dMMR/MSI-H EC, the magnitude of benefit in pMMR disease remains modest. Additionally, we examine promising future directions, including personalized immunotherapy approaches and novel combination therapies (e.g. antibody-drug conjugates, PARP inhibitors, antiangiogenic drugs).</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"187-203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13154956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147473496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunotherapyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2026-03-12DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643128
Ana Luíza Rocha Soares Menegat, Brenda Luana Rocha Soares Menegat, Luana Diniz Guerra Braz, Maria Victória Ferreira Piccoli, Thiago Gorayeb Rebelo, Francisco Cezar Aquino de Moraes
{"title":"Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors for muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ana Luíza Rocha Soares Menegat, Brenda Luana Rocha Soares Menegat, Luana Diniz Guerra Braz, Maria Victória Ferreira Piccoli, Thiago Gorayeb Rebelo, Francisco Cezar Aquino de Moraes","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643128","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) represents one-quarter of cancers and carries morbidity and mortality. Although cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus radical cystectomy improves survival, patients may be ineligible due to renal dysfunction or comorbidities. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), established in metastatic disease, are emerging as neoadjuvant options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library identified clinical trials evaluating ICIs in MIUC. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. Statistical analyses were performed in R software (version 4.4.1), with <i>p</i> < 0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies comprising 573 patients (82.02% male) were included. The pooled pathologic complete response (pCR) rate was 35% (95% CI: 31%-39%). Overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and event-free survival (EFS) at 2 years were 85% (95% CI: 77%-90%), 78% (95% CI: 72%-83%), and 73% (95% CI: 66%-79%), respectively. Additionally, the incidence of grade ≥3 cardiovascular, hematological, and immune-related adverse events (AEs) was 3% (95% CI: 2%-6%), 16% (95% CI: 11%-23%), and 5% (95% CI: 3%-8%), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Neoadjuvant ICIs demonstrate favorable efficacy and acceptable safety in MIUC, particularly among cisplatin-ineligible patients. Randomized trials are needed to confirm long-term oncological outcomes and establish their role in curative treatment.</p><p><strong>Protocol registration: </strong>www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero identifier is CRD42025640278.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"139-155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147432628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conversion surgery after pembrolizumab for initially unresectable MSI-H small bowel adenocarcinoma: a case report and brief analysis.","authors":"Yu Nakashima, Yukihiro Yokoyama, Kazuhiro Hiramatsu, Masahide Fukaya, Taro Aoba, Atsuki Arimoto, Hiromasa Yamashita, Yoshifumi Arai, Takehito Kato","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626236","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small-bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is rare and often diagnosed at an advanced stage. We report the case of a 61-year-old man with locally advanced unresectable upper jejunal SBA secondary to metastatic lymph nodes involving the superior mesenteric artery. Initial chemotherapy with FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and folinic acid) was initiated; however, a microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status was identified, and the treatment was promptly switched to pembrolizumab. After four cycles, marked regression of the metastatic lymph nodes was observed, and conversion surgery was performed. Partial jejunectomy with lymphadenectomy was performed to achieve an R0 resection. Pathological examination revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with extensive fibrosis in the metastatic lymph nodes, indicating a substantial response to immunotherapy. The patient remained disease-free for 9 months postoperatively. Additionally, a brief meta-analysis of 10 studies comprising 72 patients with MSI-H/mismatch repair-deficient SBA revealed an objective response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors of 65.3%. This case highlights the potential of pembrolizumab for the curative resection of an initially unresectable MSI-H SBA.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13060043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146118729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunotherapyPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626241
Shannon L Bailey, Janmesh D Patel, Thomas Havighurst, Vincent Pozorski, Yusuf Mohamoud, Dahlia Tesfamichae, Elizabeth Dow-Hillgartner, Lindsey Jung, Alexander Birbrair, Vincent T Ma
{"title":"Impact of antibiotics on survival outcomes and risk of gastritis/colitis in advanced-stage melanoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.","authors":"Shannon L Bailey, Janmesh D Patel, Thomas Havighurst, Vincent Pozorski, Yusuf Mohamoud, Dahlia Tesfamichae, Elizabeth Dow-Hillgartner, Lindsey Jung, Alexander Birbrair, Vincent T Ma","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626241","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the impact of antibiotic spectrum of activity and exposure timing on survival outcomes and development of gastritis/colitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 214 patients with advanced, metastatic, or unresectable melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Antibiotic exposure was classified by spectrum of activity (with and without anaerobic coverage) and antibiotic timing. Primary outcomes were the effect of antibiotic administration 30-days prior to starting ICI therapy and during ICI therapy on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Antibiotic exposure during ICI was associated with improved OS (HR: 0.57, 95% CI (0.35-0.92), <i>p</i> = 0.023). Use of antibiotics without anaerobic coverage was associated with improved PFS (HR: 0.53, 95% CI (0.32-0.87), <i>p</i> = 0.013), and OS (HR: 0.47, 95% CI (0.24-0.92), <i>p</i> = 0.026). There was a trend toward increased risk of gastritis/colitis with antibiotics without anaerobic coverage during ICI therapy, although this did not reach statistical significance (OR 2.08, 95% CI (0.43-5.46), <i>p</i> = 0.069).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antibiotic timing and spectrum of activity may be predictive of survival outcomes and risk of developing gastritis/colitis in ICI-treated patients with advanced-stage melanoma. Unlike previous studies, we found improved survival in patients receiving antibiotics during treatment and in those receiving antibiotics without anaerobic coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12962703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunotherapyPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626238
Adewale A Fawole, Maen Hussein, Muna A AlShawabkeh
{"title":"Friendly fire? A case of inadvertent reactivation and progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia following the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with Cemiplimab - case report.","authors":"Adewale A Fawole, Maen Hussein, Muna A AlShawabkeh","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626238","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized oncology care, resulting in sustained clinical remissions and prolonged overall survival. With this remarkable success comes the challenge of managing adverse events. We present a case of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) who received treatment for the advanced cSCC with Cemiplimab. This intervention led to a rapid progression of her hitherto quiescent CLL, and she began treatment for it. Understanding the complex mechanism of action of ICIs and the pathophysiology of lymphoid malignancies is important for the safe use of ICIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"61-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13061268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146124784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunotherapyPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-18DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2624291
Neil Betteridge, Andrew Blauvelt, Colin Edgerton, Jamie Fan, Davide Guerrieri, Laura Rose, Ines Brueckmann, Qingfeng Wang
{"title":"Comparison of treatment with GP2017 (an adalimumab biosimilar) and reference adalimumab in people with plaque psoriasis: a plain language summary of the ADACCESS trial.","authors":"Neil Betteridge, Andrew Blauvelt, Colin Edgerton, Jamie Fan, Davide Guerrieri, Laura Rose, Ines Brueckmann, Qingfeng Wang","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2624291","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2624291","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"5-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13060042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunotherapyPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626204
Xinyue Qin, Yinhao Chen, Di Wu, Amit Sharma, Ingo G H Schmidt-Wolf
{"title":"Hydrogel-based strategies in cancer treatment: promising innovations to advance cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell immunotherapy.","authors":"Xinyue Qin, Yinhao Chen, Di Wu, Amit Sharma, Ingo G H Schmidt-Wolf","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626204","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13060041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146118691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combination of anti-PD-1 treatment with chemotherapy in a patient with metaplastic breast cancer during lactation.","authors":"Jiaqing Song, Qinghong Yu, Hongting Wu, Ying Jin, Xiufei Gao","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2623783","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2623783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis. Recent studies have shown that anti-PD-1 therapy is effective in treating this type of cancer. We described a rare case of MpBC during lactation that worsened quickly post-surgery. Despite receiving chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the patient passed away from respiratory failure caused by tumor compression. Subsequent genetic testing revealed the presence of the resistance gene CDKN2A. Lactating women should promptly get checked for abnormal breast symptoms to catch breast cancer early. More research is needed to determine how effective anti-PD-1 therapy is for MpBC. PD-L1 is not usually tested in clinical settings, but it's important to check for CDKN2A when looking at resistance targets for PD-L1.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12962705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunotherapyPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626243
Ferda Akyuz Ozdemir, Dilek Yildirim, Melike Celik, Gulbeyaz Can
{"title":"Symptoms, symptom burden, and influencing factors in patients treated with Nivolumab.","authors":"Ferda Akyuz Ozdemir, Dilek Yildirim, Melike Celik, Gulbeyaz Can","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626243","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as nivolumab are increasingly used in cancer treatment; however, their side effects may significantly affect patients' well-being and quality of life. This study aimed to determine symptom burden and influencing factors in patients receiving nivolumab immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2024 and January 2025 in a medical oncology clinic. A total of 53 patients receiving nivolumab participated. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a patient information form, a 40-item symptom assessment form, and the ECOG Performance Status Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common symptoms were skin-related toxicities such as itching (18.9%) and dryness (20.8%), gastrointestinal problems like constipation (15.1%), and pulmonary symptoms such as fatigue (17%), cough (17%), and dyspnea (15.1%). Neurological symptoms like numbness and tingling in hands and feet (11.3%) were also reported. Among endocrine toxicities, hypothyroidism was observed in 20.8% of patients. Patients receiving concurrent chemotherapy had significantly higher symptom burden. Additionally, patients with adequate and balanced nutrition reported fewer and milder symptoms. Most patients had good performance status (81.1% fully active).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nivolumab-related symptoms are influenced by both treatment-related and individual lifestyle factors. Adequate nutrition and avoiding concurrent chemotherapy may help reduce symptom severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"25-35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12962607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}