Indian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Coupled with Cellulosic Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Biosensing Applications","authors":"Ashish Kapoor, Muthukumar Raghunathan, Praveen Kumar, S. C. Tripathi, Shafiul Haque, Dan Bahadur Pal","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01300-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01300-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) function as versatile and highly selective elements in biosensing, mimicking biomolecular receptors and effectively interacting with target analytes within complex matrices. Integrating MIPs with paper-based analytical devices (PADs) allows for rapid, convenient, and cost-effective deployment of molecular imprinting technologies. This review provides an overview of the advances in the fabrication process of MIP-PADs and explores their diverse applications, highlighting their utility in on-site detection using various detection mechanisms such as colorimetric, fluorometric, chemiluminescent electrochemical, photoelectrochemical, and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The fabrication process involves synthesizing MIPs tailored for specific target analytes and incorporating them into cellulosic paper-based analytical devices, resulting in MIP-PADs that offer advantages such as affordability, portability, and disposability. Applications of MIP-PADs extend across environmental monitoring, food safety, and biomedical analysis, demonstrating exceptional selectivity and sensitivity toward diverse biomolecules, pathogens, and small molecules. Their affordability and user-friendly design make them particularly suitable for resource-limited settings. Lastly, the challenges and future prospects of MIP-PAD technologies are presented in the context of real-world applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141059934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Lactic Fermented Cactus Pear (Opuntia elatior Mill.) Fruit Beverage with Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus on Wistar Rats with Phenylhydrazine Induced Hemolytic Anemia","authors":"Mital R. Kathiriya, Dinesh J. Ghodasara, Yogesh V. Vekariya, Kuldip V. Joshi, Subrota Hati","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01313-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01313-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cactus pear fruit is known since ages for its medicinal properties. The fruit contains biofunctional compounds such as colored pigments (betacyanin and betaxanthin), polyphenol, flavonoid, ascorbic acid and minerals. There is a huge potential for the development of novel functional superfoods by incorporating health beneficial microorganisms into such medicainal fruits. So, to explore one of the medicinal properties i.e., antianemic potential of cactus pear fruit, the study was planned to assess the effect of lactic fermented cactus pear fruit beverage (LCB) containing <i>Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i> and <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> on phenylhydrazine (PHZ) induced anemic rats. The anemic model was established with 40 mg/kg PHZ injection for consecutive 2 days. The PHZ injection reduced the heamaglobin from 15 to about 10 g/dL in the experimental animals. LCB was then administered in three doses i.e. 5 mL (T1), 10 mL (T2) and 15 mL (T3) per kg body weight for 14 days with regular diet. Body weight, hematological parameters, creatinine, urea, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), fecal microbial count and histology of kidney, liver and spleen of the experimental rats were studied. With the treatment of LCB and standard drug, red blood cells restored to the normal range in T1 (6.31 × 10⁶/µL), T2 (6.28 × 10⁶/µL), T3 (5.81 × 10⁶/µL) and standard control (6.53 × 10⁶/µL) group compared to disease control (4.88 × 10⁶/µL), at the end of study. Hematocrit percentage returned to normal range at the end of study in T1 (42.0%), T2 (42.8%), T3 (38.2%) and standard control (47.9%) as compared to disease control group (32.2%). All the three doses of LCB improved the hematological parameters, restored the level of creatinine, urea, SGPT and SGOT, in blood serum. Further, LCB administered rats’ fecal matter showed significant increase in lactobacilli counts i.e., about rise in 1 log CFU/g on 16th day than 0th day of the study. Moreover, all the groups exhibited significant histomorphological improvement over disease control group. The 10 mL/kg LCB dose was comparatively more effective than the other two. The LCB with desirable taste may thus be utilized as an effective supportive therapeutic drink for the treatment of hemolytic anemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141060094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidic Nanosystem as State-of-the-Art Nanovehicle for Biomedical Applications","authors":"Shivam Otavi, Niyatiben Lad, Sweety Shah, Aniket Navale, Sweta Acharya, Gagandeep Kaur, Mahima Mishra, Rakesh Kumar Tekade","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01298-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01298-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lipids have tremendously transformed the biomedical field, especially in the last few decades. Nanosystems, especially Lipid nanocapsules (LNCs), have emerged as the most demanding nanovehicle systems for delivering drugs, genes, and other diagnostic agents. Unique attributes and characteristic features such as higher encapsulation efficiency, stealth effect, ability to solubilize a wide range of drugs, capability to inhibit P-gp efflux pumps, and higher stability play a vital role in engaging this nanosystem. LNCs are a lipid-based nano-drug delivery method that combines the most significant traits of liposomes with polymeric nanoparticles. Structurally, LNCs have an oily core consisting of medium and long triglycerides and an aqueous phase encased in an amphiphilic shell. This manuscript crosstalks LNCs for various biomedical applications. A detailed elaboration of the structural composition, methods of preparation, and quality control aspects has also been attained, with particular emphasis on application approaches, ongoing challenges, and their possible resolution. The manuscript also expounds the preclinical data and discusses the patents atlas of LNCs to assist biomedical scientists working in this area and foster additional research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140935325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriologically Derived Copper Nanoparticles as Novel Arsenal Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens","authors":"Monika Kataria, Sant Lal, Neeraj Dilbaghi","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01281-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01281-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a global health menace which has caused millions of deaths and still continues to grow. The announcement of <i>World Antimicrobial Awareness Week, 18–24 November 2022</i> by WHO further highlights the terrifying situation. Injudicious use of antibiotics is the major cause of emerging AMR. Therefore, new age antimicrobials are required for treating multi drug resistant (MDR) infections. In this quest, we synthesized novel green copper nanoparticles (BS-CuNPs) using cell free extracts of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (MTCC 441) and tested their bactericidal potential against various MDR pathogenic bacteria viz <i>Staphylococcus aureus MRSA, E. coli</i> Anp2A, <i>E. coli</i> Bi2A, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> VTCCBAA2, <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> Bu59. Antioxidant properties were also investigated using the DPPH and H₂O₂ radical scavenging techniques in terms of IC₅₀ (concentrations required for 50% inhibition) and IC₉₀ (concentrations required for 90% inhibition) values. The TEM micrographs of bacteriologically synthesized BS-CuNPs displayed size of 11.47 ± 2.6 nm with spherical configuration. BS-CuNPs also showed excellent colloidal and thermal stability in terms of zeta potential (− 26.9 meV) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The MICs and MBCs of the BS-CuNPs against test MDR bacteria were ≤ 0.625 mg/ml which was significantly lesser (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) than the same exhibited by CuNPs. The strongest effects were seen on <i>Enterobacter cloacae Bu59</i> with MIC values of 0.156 mg/ml. The IC₅₀ and IC₉₀ of BS-CuNPs in DPPH assay exhibited significantly lower values, i.e. 42.97 and 128.31 µg/ml, respectively as compared to the chemically synthesized CuNPs, indicating potent antioxidant activity. These results from the performed studies clearly demonstrate the potential use of biogenic BS-CuNPs as novel antimicrobial in the field of biomedicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Fosfomycin on Gram Negative Infections: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Sandeepika Dubey, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Meenakshi Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01293-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01293-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multidrug-resistant or extended drug resistance has created havoc when it comes to patient treatment, as options are limited because of the spread of pathogens that are extensively or multidrug-resistant (MDR or XDR) and the absence of novel antibiotics that are effective against these pathogens. Physicians have therefore started using more established antibiotics such as polymyxins, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. Fosfomycin has just come to light as a result of the emergence of resistance to these medications since it continues to be effective against MDR and XDR bacteria that are both gram-positive and gram-negative. Fosfomycin, a bactericidal analogue of phosphoenolpyruvate that was formerly utilised as an oral medication for uncomplicated urinary tract infections, has recently attracted the interest of clinicians around the world. It may generally be a suitable therapy option for patients with highly resistant pathogenic infections, according to the advanced resistance shown by gram-negative bacteria. This review article aims to comprehensively evaluate the impact of fosfomycin on gram negative infections, highlighting its mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and resistance patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virome Analysis of Paddy Floodwater in Two Cropping Seasons","authors":"Sarvesh R. Halankar, Judith M. Noronha","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01292-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01292-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Paddy fields include two interconnected ecosystems—soil and floodwater. Microbes and viruses are an integral component of these ecosystems, yet the viral communities have not been extensively studied. We present an analysis of the viromes of paddy floodwater collected during the two cropping seasons in India, the <i>kharif</i> and <i>rabi</i> seasons respectively. The overall taxonomic and functional characteristics appeared to be similar in both seasons, suggesting stability of the viral community. Taxonomically, the families of tailed bacteriophages dominated. The predominance of functional roles related to lytic phages further confirmed this. We reconstructed two complete and several partial viral genomes from the assembled data. The genomes did not align with any known sequences, thus representing novel viruses of the floodwater ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodetection Strategies for Selective Identification of Candidiasis","authors":"Riya Verma, Smriti Gaba, Nidhi Chauhan, Ramesh Chandra, Utkarsh Jain","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01288-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01288-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fungi are among the predominant pathogens seen in a greater proportion of infections acquired in healthcare settings. A common fungus that causes infections in medical settings is <i>Candida</i> species. Hospitalized patients who suffer from fungal diseases such as candidiasis and candidemia often have elevated rates of mortality and morbidity. It is evident that longer hospital stays have the possibility of bacterial and fungal recurrence and also have a negative economic impact. If left untreated, a <i>Candida</i> infection can spread to other organs and cause a systemic infection that can result in sepsis. Clinicians can treat patients quickly when fungal infections are timely detected, this enhances the results of clinical trials. Developing novel, sensitive, and quick methods for detecting <i>Candida</i> species is imperative. Conventional detection techniques are unsuitable for clinical settings and point-of-care systems as they require expensive equipment and take a longer detection time. This review examines a few of the most widely used biosensor systems for the detection of <i>Candida</i> species, their sensitivity, and the limit of detection. It focuses on various biorecognition elements used and follows utilization and advances in nanotechnology in the context of sensing. In addition to enabling general analysis and quick real-time analysis, crucial for detecting <i>Candida</i> species, biosensors provide an intriguing alternative to more conventional techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of Xpert Carba-R Assay for the Diagnosis of Carbapenemase-producing Organisms from Rectal Swabs in Asia: a Diagnostic Meta-analysis","authors":"Yuanyuan Bai, Hanlin Liu, Yueling Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01290-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01290-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Cepheid Xpert Carba-R assay has been demonstrated to be reliable for rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing orgnisms (CPO) directly from rectal swabs but the performance of which remains unclear in Asia.We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies according to predetermined criteria. STATA 13.0 software was used to analyze the tests for sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). QUADAS-2 was used to assess the quality of included studies with RevMan 5.2. A total of 5 unique studies involving 10807 samples met the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and the AUC with 95% CIs of Xpert Carba-R were 0.91 (0.72–0.97), 0.99 (0.96–1.00), 71.24 (25.41–199.73), 0.09 (0.03–0.32), 0.99 (0.98–1.00), respectively. <i>Deeks’</i>funnel plot showed no publication bias.The present meta-analysis showed the Xpert Carba-R assay had good sensitivity and perfect specificity for detecting CPOs on rectal swabs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extremophiles in Space Exploration","authors":"Jasvinder Kaur, Jaspreet Kaur, Aeshna Nigam","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01297-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01297-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the era of deep space exploration, extremophile research represents a key area of research w.r.t space survival. This review thus delves into the intriguing realm of ‘Space and Astro Microbiology’, providing insights into microbial survival, resilience, and behavioral adaptations in space-like environments. This discussion encompasses the modified behavior of extremophilic microorganisms, influencing virulence, stress resistance, and gene expression. It then shifts to recent studies on the International Space Station and simulated microgravity, revealing microbial responses that impact drug susceptibility, antibiotic resistance, and its commercial implications. The review then transitions into Astro microbiology, exploring the possibilities of interplanetary transit, lithopanspermia, and terraforming. Debates on life's origin and recent Martian meteorite discoveries are noted. We also discuss Proactive Inoculation Protocols for selecting adaptable microorganisms as terraforming pioneers. The discussion concludes with a note on microbes’ role as bioengineers in bioregenerative life support systems, in recycling organic waste for sustainable space travel; and in promoting optimal plant growth to prepare Martian and lunar basalt. This piece emphasizes the transformative impact of microbes on the future of space exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Study with Mathematical and Statistical Modelling for Synchronous Biotreatment of Actual Restaurant Wastewater and Bioelectricity Recovery in Microbial Fuel Cell","authors":"Ahmed Y. Radeef, Aya A. Najim, Mustafa A. Kareem, Hashem E. Hashem, Ammar D. Zaidan","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01291-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01291-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The demand for energy resources is constantly increasing. That means need more fossil fuels to provide them. People consume a lot of food and this produces many wastes. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a new technological method with the potential to generate bioelectricity by the action of electrogenic bacteria on food wastes while reducing the amount of food wastes. This study investigated the possibility of usage of real restaurant wastewater as a fuel (substrate) for microbial fuel cell and its effects on the bacterial consortium attached to the electrodes. Mathematical (R² &gt; 0.96) and statistical (R² &gt; 0.99) models were conducted for the MFC performance focusing on the polarization curves. The study demonstrated that the highest COD removal (88.69%) in the semi-batch mode and (99.64%) in continuous mode, and power density (10.9 mW/m²) and (56.8 mW/m²) in semi-batch and continuous mode, respectively. The Bacterial diagnosis for anodophilic biofilm showed important differences in distribution and density of a heavy growth consortium after operation. This research offers restaurants an eco-friendly solution. This is because it demonstrates the benefits of using their own wastewater for power generation, reducing costs and saving the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}