Indian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Lignolytic Degradation of <i>Eucalyptus</i> and Bamboo Wood Blocks by Three White Rot Fungi and Their Action on-<i>Eucalyptus</i> Sawdust.","authors":"Sahith Chepyala, Sreedhar Bodiga, Jagadeesh Bathula, Kapil Sihag, Mohan Krishna Durgam","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01435-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01435-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aimed to assess the lignolytic enzyme production in three white rot fungi (WRF) upon stimulation with metal ion (FeSO₄·7H₂O) and thereby develop an optimal fungal consortium to enhance their lignolytic potential. In vitro wood decay experiments conducted with Eucalyptus and Bamboo demonstrated significant weight loss following inoculation with <i>Trametes versicolor</i> (TV), <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> (GL), and <i>Schizophyllum commune</i> (SC). Over time (45-90 days), the weight loss gradually increased in all inoculations, ranging from 6.50 to 16.90% for <i>Eucalyptus</i> and 7.90-17.70% for Bamboo. Qualitative plate assays revealed TV's positive ligninolytic potential in all tests, SC in three, and GL in only two tests. Secondary screening confirmed laccase, manganese peroxidase, and lignin peroxidase activities for all fungi, with SC consistently exhibiting higher activity. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis of Eucalyptus sawdust treated with individual fungi and the consortium (TV, GL, and SC) showed significant lignin degradation compared to the control. While individual strains displayed a decrease in lignin-associated bands, the consortium exhibited a more pronounced decrease (98.55% and 84.21% at I₁₅₁₁/I₁₇₃₉ and I₁₂₄₈/I₁₇₃₉), indicating synergistic effects. Conversely, cellulose and hemicellulose associated band intensities increased, suggesting preferential lignin degradation by the fungal consortium. Overall, the study highlights the potential of all three fungal isolates to produce lignolytic enzymes with industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"66 1","pages":"120-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an E2 Protein Based Lateral Flow Assay as a Point-of-Care Test for the Diagnosis of Classical Swine Fever.","authors":"Shikha Chaudhary, B V S Kumar, Y P S Malik, D Deka, R S Sethi","doi":"10.1007/s12088-025-01471-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-025-01471-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classical swine fever (CSF), a highly contagious viral disease, poses significant threats to pig farming in India and around the globe. In this study, we aimed to develop a rapid and reliable lateral flow assay as a point-of-care (POC) test for CSF diagnosis based on the recombinant CSFV E2 protein. The study began with the confirmation of the recombinant clone, followed by the expression of the CSFV E2 gene in Sf21 insect cells. Characterization of the expressed protein confirmed its presence and reactivity with specific antibodies. Hyperimmune sera raised in rabbits and chickens showed strong reactivity against the recombinant protein. Subsequently, gold nanoparticles were conjugated with the recombinant E2 protein and characterized, demonstrating successful conjugation. The developed lateral flow assay (LFA) exhibited high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (96.42%) when validated against a commercial ELISA kit, making it a reliable tool for on-site CSF detection. Cross-reactivity testing with African swine fever (ASF) sera showed no false positives. The assay also maintained consistent accuracy and functionality during a 30-day shelf-life test at 4 °C. Overall, the developed POC test offers a practical solution for rapid CSF screening, aiding in effective disease management and control in pig populations, particularly in pen-side settings.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-025-01471-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"66 1","pages":"150-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome-Metabolomics Reveals the Bidirectional Associations Between Aging and Depression.","authors":"Weiheng Li, Fuxiao Wei, Huanle Liu, Meng Lv, Di Zhao, Xuemei Qin, Xiaojie Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12088-025-01538-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-025-01538-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging increases the susceptibility to depression, and depression accelerates the aging process of body. However, it is needed to be studied deeply that the connotations of the correlation between aging and depression. By integrally applying metabolome and microbiome techniques, the study aimed to explore underlying mechanisms of bidirectional associations between aging and depression. Aging rat model and depression rat model were carried out. Classical behaviors were measured to assess the impacts of aging and depression on rats. On top of this, potential changes in the organism are revealed to elucidate the bi-directional associations between aging and depression based on the 16S rRNA sequencing of gut flora and ¹H-NMR of gut metabolites, respectively. Depression weakened the ability of autonomous activities, spatial memory, and gastrointestinal functions of rats, which are also closely related to aging. Vice versa, aging also weakens the autonomous activities of rats, which frequently appears in depression. Secondly, valine, propionate, etc. are potential fecal metabolites that are commonly shared by aging and depression, and these metabolites are closely related to changes in gut microbiota composition. Lastly, both aging and depression decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Spearman's analysis found that a variety of metabolites, including proline, strongly correlated with Lactobacillus and Corynebacterium, suggesting that these bacterial species play a significant role in the metabolic changes observed in both aging and depression. Meanwhile, differential metabolites and gut microbiota were strongly associated with the number of rearings and gastrointestinal movement of rats, suggesting that potential associations between aging and depression remarkably occur at multiple levels. Exploring the bidirectional association of aging and depression from the perspectives of metabolome and microbiome will not only deepen our understanding of aging and depression, but also provide novel ideas for clinically treating the co-existence and co-occurrence of aging with depression.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-025-01538-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"66 1","pages":"243-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indole-3-Acetic Acid Production and Molecular Insights into its Biosynthetic Pathway.","authors":"Pradeep Kumar, Simran Rani, Priyanka Dahiya, Balwant Kaur, Pawan Kumar, Kiran Arora, Ajit Kumar, Amita Suneja Dang, Pooja Suneja","doi":"10.1007/s12088-025-01535-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-025-01535-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IAA synthesis by endophytes plays an important role in establishing a successful relationship between bacteria and plants. There are multiple pathways of IAA biosynthesis, IPyA pathway being widespread among endophytes. A total of five bacterial endophytes, <i>Pseudomonas lini</i> PRN1, <i>Bacillus</i> sp. PHR5, <i>Ochrobactrum</i> sp. PHR6, <i>Bacillus</i> sp. AJhN4 and <i>Pantoea agglomerans</i> CPHN2, were used in the present study. Out of these, three isolates <i>Bacillus</i> sp. PHR5, <i>Ochrobactrum</i> sp. PHR6, and <i>Bacillus</i> sp. AJhN4 were screened and optimized for IAA production by varying physicochemical parameters using OFAT. The presence of IAA in crude extracts was confirmed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) using IAA as standard. The highest IAA producing isolate was further used for scale-up of IAA production. Maximum production of 947 µg/ml IAA was obtained with 10% inoculum size, pH 9, DO of 60 after 19 h at 30 °C using 2-L stirred tank bioreactor. The study was further carried out, to specifically decipher the IAA pathway in this isolates and to characterize the <i>ipd</i>C gene. The genomic analysis of <i>ipd</i>C gene sequence of <i>P. agglomerans</i> CPHN2 performed and specific primers designed after annotation and amplicons of size 1720 bp and 2500 bp were obtained respectively. It was also observed that the IPDC protein is coded by the negative or antisense strand of DNA. Homology modelling approach was employed to develop a structural model of the IPDC proteins by utilizing sequences from closely related organisms, as well as from <i>P. agglomerans</i> CPHN2 IPDC protein sequence. All IPDC protein models exhibited significantly higher binding energy with indole-3-pyruvate compared to pyruvate. Among these, the IPDC from <i>P. agglomerans</i> CPHN2 showed the maximum binding energy with indole-3-pyruvate relative to other IPDC proteins. In the present study, the identification of the Indole-3-pyruvate (IPyA) pathway and characterization of the <i>ipd</i>C gene in <i>Pantoea agglomerans</i> offers insights into optimizing the IAA production for sustainable agriculture. Understanding the enzymatic pathways also opens avenues for genetic engineering in microbial biotechnology.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-025-01535-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis Prognosis and Clinical Synergistic Activity with gut Microbiome.","authors":"Karthikeyan Sundaram, Leela Kagithakara Vajravelu","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01433-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01433-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association between tuberculosis and gut microbiota is notable clinical synergistic action. Tuberculosis is a highly contagious illness that poses a huge global risk. <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, an acid-fast bacillus, is responsible for one of the top ten death associated lethal infection. The study of human commensal bacteria has a strong link to tuberculosis and its treatment. The gut microbiota is frequently altered with antimycobacterial drugs. Importantly, there was a significant association found between the gut microbiome and the brain via the gut-brain axis. This interaction is also thought to exist along the gut-liver and gut-lung axis, with possible connections to appropriate organs as well. <i>Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Fusobacteria</i> make up the majority of the microbiota in mammals' guts. Crucially, substantial data from human and animal studies shows that mycobacterial infection causes an imbalance in the gut microbiota, known as gut microbial dysbiosis. This dysbiosis is distinguished by variations in the abundance of certain microbes, particularly those that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i>. The review examined various studies on the association between tuberculosis and gut microbiota in order to develop a clinical algorithm and potential immune regulation against tuberculosis employing crucial gut commensal bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"66 1","pages":"84-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in the Clinical Multidrug-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> Isolates.","authors":"Thuy Thi Bich Vo, Van Thi Thu Ha, Minh Ngoc Nghiem","doi":"10.1007/s12088-025-01513-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-025-01513-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study purposed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility data and the expression of resistance genes in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> clinical isolates obtained from a military hospital in Vietnam. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using both the disc diffusion method and the VITEK 2 automated system. The expression of ten key resistance genes associated with beta-lactamases, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides was assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, gene expression quantified via QuantityOne software. Among the analyzed isolates, 83.33% exhibited multidrug resistance, while only 16.67% remained susceptible to antibiotics. The isolates demonstrated the highest resistance rates to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones, whereas colistin (91.67%) and amikacin (60%) showed the highest levels of effectiveness. RT-PCR analysis revealed ubiquitous expression of the <i>carO</i> gene (100%) and a high prevalence of <i>adeB</i> (96.67%). Additionally, <i>bla</i> _OXA-51-like, <i>adeJ, bla</i> _OXA-23-like, and <i>oprD</i> were detected in 93.33%, 90%, 80%, and 70% of the isolates, respectively. In contrast, <i>aadA1</i>, <i>armA</i>, and <i>adeG</i> were expressed in less than half of the samples. These findings indicate a widespread distribution of several antibiotic resistance genes among <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates, especially a significant threat posed by multidrug-resistant strains in clinical settings. The results underscore the urgent need for robust molecular surveillance and infection control strategies in hospitals to prevent the further spread of these resistant pathogens and to improve treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"66 1","pages":"233-242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Development of a Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method for the Detection of Herpes Family Viruses in Transplant Patients.","authors":"Reyhaneh Kalhor, Hassan Noorbazargan, Hourieh Kalhor, Sirous Naeimi, Mahdi Paryan","doi":"10.1007/s12088-025-01487-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-025-01487-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early detection of viral infections is crucial for combating their spread in transplant patients, as it is significantly contributing to the success of organ transplantation. In transplant patients, infections motivated by herpes family viruses are common and pose serious barriers to successful organ engulfment. This study aimed to design and develop a Multiplex Real-time PCR-based method for accurate identification of these viruses, including Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), and Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), in transplant patients. Primer pairs and probes targeting conserved regions of each virus genome were designed using bioinformatics software. Plasmid standards, detection limit, clinical, analytical, and sensitivity characteristics were determined using the designed primers and probes. Finally, simultaneous detection of the three herpes family viruses using Multiplex Real-time PCR was done on 22 blood specimens from transplant patients. The analytical sensitivity for HSV (6.25 copies per microliter) and VZV/EBV (25 copies per microliter) was 100% positive in all repetitions. The high copy number of one virus did not significantly affect the detection of the other two viruses with low copy numbers. Clinical sensitivity was determined to be 95% based on the analysis of 22 samples. Evaluation of the assay's specificity reached 100% using various viral samples and human genome. Reproducibility of the reaction was assessed at the intra-assay and inter-assay levels, demonstrating high repeatability of this method. The research findings indicated that the development of the multiplex Real-time PCR assay enables quicker, more accurate, and cost-effective detection of VZV, HSV, and EBV herpes family viruses in transplant patients, potentially leading to reduced treatment duration an associated complications.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-025-01487-8.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"66 1","pages":"185-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Virtual Blueprint: Exploring the Structural and Functional Analysis of a Novel Endolysin LysSM5 Derived from Salmonella phage vB_SenA_SM5.","authors":"Kritika Sharma, Harpreet Kaur, Naveen Chaudhary, Surender Prajapati, Balvinder Mohan, Neelam Taneja","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01431-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01431-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella</i>, a foodborne pathogen, poses a significant threat to public health. This concern is exacerbated by emerging antibiotic resistance. Bacteriophages and their endolysins are promising alternatives to antibiotics. Endolysins play a crucial role in bacterial lysis in the phage life cycle. Leveraging these proteins as antimicrobial agents may offer a potential solution for controlling pathogenic contamination in food. Structural and functional analysis of LysSM5 endolysin derived from vB_SenA_SM5, a <i>Salmonella</i> phage, was studied using computational tools. Functional annotation, physicochemical characteristics, and 3D structure of the LysSM5 were predicted. Validation and quality assessment were performed using various computational tools like Conserved Domain Search, ProtParam, SWISS-Model server, PROCHECK, Verify3D, and ERRAT server. The molecular weight of LysSM5 was 28.8 kDa, 264 amino acids, and an isoelectric point of 8.9. The sequence of LysSM5 comprised of an N-terminal peptidoglycan-binding domain (residues 9-64) and a C-terminal N-acetyl-β-D-muramidase domain (residues 90-263), interconnected by a linker sequence. Phylogenetic analysis using MEGA X revealed that LysSM5 shared similarities with endolysins from phages active against <i>E. coli</i> and various <i>Salmonella</i> serovars. This indicates that LysSM5 may have a broad spectrum of activity, making it a versatile candidate for combating a range of bacterial pathogens. The structure was predicted by using the SWISS-Model server, validated by Ramachandran plot analysis (91.8% residues in favored regions) and quality assessments (ERRAT score: 98.016, Verify3D: 95.44% residues with ≥ 0.1 score). These high-quality scores confirm that LysSM5's predicted structure is accurate and reliable for further analysis. Molecular docking showed a robust binding affinity of LysSM5 to peptidoglycan (- 13.9 kcal/mol), indicating its potential effectiveness in targeting and interacting with bacterial cell walls for antimicrobial applications. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using the iMODS web server, indicating high stability of the LysSM5-peptidoglycan complex, with an eigenvalue of 8.873650e-05, suggesting that LysSM5 can effectively bind to and disrupt bacterial cell walls, making it a promising candidate for further development in antimicrobial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"66 1","pages":"108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12909675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing the Metagenomic Dynamics of Soil Microbiota Affected by Tea Pruning and Skiffing Methods in Tea Plantations of Dibrugarh, Assam, India.","authors":"Pritam Chattopadhyay, Irani Biswas, Goutam Banerjee","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01382-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12088-024-01382-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beginning with the centralization of young tea (Yt) to encourage low branch growth, subsequent light pruning (LP) and deep skiffing (DS) techniques are employed to promote branch spread, ensuring an ideal leaf area index and manageable plucking height. This study investigates the effects of LP and DS compared to Yt on soil biota, a previously unexplored topic. Soil samples from Yt, LP, and DS sites within the Rajgarh Tea Estate in Assam, India, were analyzed for standard parameters and metagenomic DNA using Illumina sequencing. While all samples exhibited a clay loam texture with minimal parameter variation, significant variations in soil phyla abundance were observed. Acidobacteria dominated across all samples, but linear discriminant analysis revealed distinct phyla compositions. At the genus level, <i>Geobacter, Verticiella</i>, and <i>Glaciihabitans</i> were most abundant in S11, S7, and S9 samples, respectively. However, the relative abundance of phyla in the soil samples from Yt, LP, and DS sites varies significantly. But the difference in bacterial community at genus level resolution was not significant at p value 0.05 level. These findings indicate that pruning and skiffing primarily impact on the relative abundance of soil phyla, not microbial diversity. Understanding the soil microbiota in relation to tea cultivation practices through metagenomics can pave the way for developing new microbial consortia for an integrated crop management system in tea cultivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"65 4","pages":"2015-2020"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12711606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145804437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Antifungal and Anticancer Property of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared Through Bioinspired Synthesis Using Endophytic Streptomyces Derived from Halophyte <i>Salicornia brachiata</i> Roxb.","authors":"Asmita Dhimmar, Raghu Solanki, Sunita Patel, Pramod B Shinde","doi":"10.1007/s12088-024-01402-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12088-024-01402-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are recognized as highly promising materials with applications in diverse fields, from therapeutics to agriculture. Hence, the present study aimed to biosynthesize ZnO-NPs employing the endophytic <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. 4VPT5-9 isolated from the halophytic plant <i>Salicornia brachiata</i> and evaluate the biological activity against plant pathogen <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> NCIM 1008 and human breast (MDA-MB-231) and colorectal cancer (HCT-116) cell lines. The cell-free supernatant of the strain 4VPT5-9 was used as a greener attempt for the biosynthesis of ZnO-NPs. Biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited an absorption peak at 287 nm. The hexagonal crystalline structure of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs was validated through X-ray diffraction studies. These biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited an irregular shape and varied in size, ranging between 120 and 150 nm with d-spacing value 0.26 nm. Moreover, FI-IR analysis showed different absorption peaks confirming the presence of different functional groups and formation of biosynthesized ZnO-NPs. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of Zn(II)O at different varied bending energies. The antifungal assay revealed that biosynthesized ZnO-NPs showed a pronounced inhibitory zone (12 mm) and the least MIC value of 60 µg/mL against plant pathogen <i>F. oxysporum</i> NCIM 1008. Moreover, the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs showed significant anticancer activity against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer and HCT-116 human colorectal cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. From this study, it is evident that an eco-conscious approach could pave a novel path for biosynthesis of ZnO-NPs through a halophytic plant-associated actinomycetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13316,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"65 4","pages":"1972-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12712273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145804484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}