Indian Journal of Dental Research最新文献

{"title":"Association between the Proportions of Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, and Lactobacillus salivarius in Dental Plaques and Dentures.","authors":"Sahar M Ahmed, Entisar M Ahmed, Esraa Fuad","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_569_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_569_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Denture liners that are made of silicone have a tendency of being colonised by microbes because they are porous and can store moisture thus providing the optimal environment where bacteria and fungi can thrive.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty silicone discs (Proclinic Expert) were split into six groups (10 discs each), three of which were treated using 5% iodine and three controls in distilled water and assessed against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus salivarius and Candida albicans. Teams were randomly selected through the computer. Discs were incubated in one week in distilled water, followed by their inoculation. The standard plate count was used to determine the microbial counts (CFU/ml) after incubating the surface swabbed at 37°C and an incubation duration of 24-48 h. Triple experiments were carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with 5% iodine solution significantly reduced microbial colony counts for all tested organisms (P < 0.005). S. mutans decreased from 191.4 ± 3.8 to 106.2 ± 2.4 CFU/ml, L. salivarius from 175.1 ± 2.7 to 86.8 ± 1.8 CFU/ml, and C. albicans from 115.1 ± 3.9 to 50.0 ± 1.6 CFU/ml, showing the strongest antifungal effect. These results indicate that 5% iodine is highly effective in reducing microbial colonisation on silicone-based resilient liners.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 5% iodine solution demonstrated good antimicrobial action in silicone-based liner contaminated with the oral pathogens in reduction of microbial load in vitro. But no evaluation was done on the effects on the physical and mechanical properties of the liners.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":"36 4","pages":"412-416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Frictional Resistance Among Passive Self-Ligating Brackets with Stainless Steel Arch wires - An In vitro Study.","authors":"C K Ponnar, Deenadayalan Purusothaman, Nidhi Angrish, Deepak Chandrasekharan, Katepogu Praveen","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_678_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_678_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Friction at the bracket-archwire interface significantly influences sliding mechanics in orthodontics. Self-ligating brackets are designed to minimize friction and improve treatment efficiency. This study compared the kinetic frictional resistance of three passive self-ligating systems-Damon, Smart Clip, and Selfy-with stainless steel archwires.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 160 brackets (0.022-inch slot) were tested, equally distributed into Damon (n = 40), Smart Clip (n = 40), Selfy (n = 40) and Conventional stainless steel brackets (n = 40) groups. Each was evaluated with 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless steel archwires. Two brackets of each type were mounted on acrylic blocks with an interbracket distance of 8 mm. For the control group, conventional brackets were ligated using fresh elastomeric modules to ensure consistent ligation force. Tests were conducted in a dry environment using a universal testing machine, applying a 2 N tensile force over 10 mm at 1 mm/min. Kinetic frictional resistance was recorded in Newtons, using new wires for each test. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Damon brackets demonstrated the lowest mean kinetic friction (2.57 ± 0.31 N), followed by Smart Clip (2.89 ± 0.21 N), Selfy (2.97 ± 0.17 N), and Control group (3.08 ± 0.31). Differences among groups were significant (H = 42.35, P < 0.001). Pairwise analysis showed Damon produced significantly less friction than Smart Clip, Selfy, and Control group (P < 0.001), while no difference was observed between Smart Clip and Selfy (P = 0.094).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bracket design substantially affects frictional resistance. Conventional elastomeric-ligated brackets generate the highest friction. Damon brackets generated significantly lower friction compared with Smart Clip and Selfy, which exhibited similar values. Passive self-ligating systems may therefore enhance biomechanical efficiency, though in vivo validation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":"36 4","pages":"450-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Root Coverage Using Lateral Pedicle Grafts with Suture and Isoamyl Cyanoacrylate Stabilisation - A Comparative Study.","authors":"Indumathi Palyathan, Dhivya Ramesh, Ebenezer Mani, Shobana Pannerselvam, Divya S Pandian, Hema Pannerselvam","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_652_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_652_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gingival recession is a mucogingival deformity affecting teeth causing dentinal hypersensitivity. Although many techniques are there for root coverage procedures, the present study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of lateral pedicle graft stabilised by using either resorbable sutures or isoamyl-2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 10 systemically healthy subjects were recruited with complaints of Millers Class I and Class II gingival recession in the lower anterior. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups: control group (graft stabilised with resorbable sutures) and test group (graft stabilised with isoamyl 2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive). Parameters such as recession height (RH), recession weight (RW), width of keratinised gingiva, width of attached gingiva, and clinical attachment level were measured at baseline 3 months post-surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The outcome measures were statistically significant at baseline and 3 months, but there is no significant difference between the groups. The mean reduction in RH and RW was significant at baseline to 3 months from both control and test groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Isoamyl-2-cyanoacrylate showed a better intimate healing with no gaps compared to use of silk suture, and thus, it was concluded that the use of isoamyl-2-cyanoacrylate reduces patient discomfort and irritation, and it is an easy and effective way in managing intra-oral wounds. Isoamyl-2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive results in faster initial wound healing as compared to sutures.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":"36 4","pages":"425-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and Comparison of Cyclin D1 Expression in Different Histopathological Grades of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia - An In vitro Study.","authors":"Sanjana Lingampalli, Kiran K Kattappagari, Poosarla Chandrashekar, Vatsalya Kommalapati, Kantheti L P Chandra, Baddam V R Reddy","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_592_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_592_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim and objectives: </strong>Quantitative evaluation and comparison of Cyclin D1 expression in various histological grades of oral epithelial dysplasia.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 66 instances of oral epithelial dysplasia were included, with a histological diagnosis, consisting of 22 cases for each of the three histopathological grades. These cases were evaluated for cyclin D1 expression using immunohistochemistry techniques. To compare the average number of positive cells among the three groups with epithelial dysplasia, the Tukey's multiple post hoc method and the one-way ANOVA test were utilized. A P value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of Cyclin D1 protein has been shown to vary significantly across mild, moderate, and severe epithelial dysplasia, with the group exhibiting severe oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) showing the highest average levels of expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The overproduction of cyclin D1 in individuals with severe epithelial dysplasia suggests that it could serve as a precursor to the onset of oral cancer. Cyclin D1 may act as a potential predictive marker for malignant transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":"439-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone Beam Computed Tomography Analysis of Third Molar Impaction Patterns in the Mandible - A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Emily Yen C Lim, Naresh Shetty, Pravinkumar G Patil","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_414_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_414_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence of a pattern of mandibular third molar impactions in the Malaysian population who visited a private university oral health centre.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>A total of 170 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographs were selected from Malaysia's private university's oral health centre. The radiographic measurements were carried out using the ExamVisionQ CBCT software program. The impaction patterns were classified according to Winter's classification and Pell & Gregory classification. The angulation of impacted mandibular third molar was determined by the angle formed between the intersected longitudinal axis of the second and third molars. The third molar was to be considered impacted according to its relationship to the anterior border of the ramus (Class 1, 2, 3) and occlusal surface in relation to the adjacent molar (level A, B, C). The data were analysed using a Pearson Chi-squared (X 2 ) test on SPSS version 24.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All selected radiographs showed the presence of impacted mandibular third molars. On overall comparison, the prevalence of mesioangular impaction was found to be the highest. The level A impactions were commonly seen in Chinese (74%), followed by Indians (11%) and Malays (8%). The class 1 impactions were commonly seen in Chinese (75%), followed by Indians (11.5%) and Malays (8.4%). Mesioangular were the most common impactions, followed by horizontal, vertical, and distoangular in all the races.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mesioangular impactions were found to be the most frequent occurrence among all the races, whereas differences were seen in levels of impaction to some extent among ethnic groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":"435-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146219493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Low-Level Laser Therapy on Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement During Canine Retraction - A Comparative Study.","authors":"Puja Priya, Harsh A Mishra, Alok Ranjan, Parag Gangurde, Waseem Khan","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_553_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_553_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), focussing on canine retraction and levels of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty sites requiring canine retraction were randomly assigned to two groups: LLLT and PRF. Laser treatment was performed at a wavelength of 940 nm with a power output of 200 mW, and PRF was prepared by centrifugation. Canine retraction rates were measured over an eight-week period, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected to assess IL-1β levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean canine retraction rate was 4.828 mm in the LLLT group and 4.013 mm in the PRF group, indicating that LLLT significantly accelerated tooth movement compared to PRF. Although IL-1β levels were higher in the LLLT group at T2 (P < 0.05), no significant differences were observed between the groups at other time points. This study found that both treatments were effective in promoting OTM without adversely affecting periodontal health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both LLLT and PRF can be used therapeutically to enhance OTM; LLLT demonstrates a superior rate of canine retraction. This study suggests that while IL-1β levels provide insights into inflammatory responses during tooth movement, the presence of additional growth factors in PRF may also influence outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":"36 4","pages":"417-424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Non-Surgical Interventions for Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Novel Economic Framework.","authors":"Anusa Arunachalam Mohandoss, Krishnan Sumathy, Rooban Thavarajah","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_222_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_222_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive disorder characterised by reduced mouth opening (MO) and a risk of malignant transformation. Despite numerous non-surgical interventions, sustained functional improvement remains elusive. This study introduces a cost-effectiveness analysis framework to compare various OSF treatments, addressing a critical knowledge gap.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data from a previously published network meta-analysis (NMA) comprising 72 studies ( N = 5268 patients) were analysed. Cost/millimeter of MO improvement (cost/mm) and cost/millimeter/week (cost/mm/week) were calculated. Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) was computed against placebo and multivitamins. P ≤0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median cost/mm was INR 1906.57, ranging from INR 403.35 (ultrasound + exercise) to INR 10,368.36 (steroids + exercise). Cost/mm/week ranged from INR 59.97 (topical steroids) to INR 2292.83 (steroids + exercise). Kruskal-Wallis tests showed significant differences in cost/mm ( P = 0.002) and cost/mm/week ( P = 0.004). ICER analysis identified steroid with or with spreading factor (SSF) + exercise as the most cost-effective (-4918.38 INR/placebo, -2365.78 INR/multivitamins), while SSF + placebo was least cost-effective (ICER: 8540.79 INR/placebo, 8382.25 INR/multivitamins).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>This study presents the first cost-effectiveness analysis of non-surgical OSF treatments, revealing substantial economic variations across interventions. Ultrasound with exercise and SSF + exercise was the most cost-efficient, supporting the integration of multimodal non-pharmacological therapies into OSF management. Conversely, nutraceutical products (NPs) demonstrated inconsistent cost-effectiveness, with systemic NPs outperforming topical applications. Given the economic burden and limited efficacy of some treatments, these findings emphasise the need for evidence-based, cost-conscious decision-making. The cost/mm and cost/mm/week metrics provide a novel perspective, facilitating better resource allocation in OSF care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":"471-478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145540350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current State of Digital Dentistry in Clinical and Contemporary Dental Education - A Prospective Study.","authors":"Pankaj Dhawan, Harsimran Kaur, Shefali Dogra, Shivam S Tomar","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_346_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_346_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital dentistry has rapidly transformed dental practice and education worldwide, offering enhanced precision, efficiency, and patient engagement. Despite these advancements, the adoption and integration of digital technologies in India remain limited due to infrastructural and educational barriers. This has created a gap in understanding the true impact and readiness of dental professionals to embrace digital solutions, especially within prosthodontic education.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to assess the current state of digital dentistry within clinical and contemporary prosthodontic education, focusing on practitioners' knowledge, perceptions, and the economic viability of these technologies in Faridabad, Haryana.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, online questionnaire-based survey using a Likert scale was conducted among 314 practicing dentists and dental students in Faridabad. The instrument measured awareness, practical use, and opinions regarding digital dentistry, as well as perceived barriers to implementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 314 participants, 62.1% (n = 195) were first introduced to digital dentistry during their BDS/MDS course. Awareness of digital technologies was high, with 90.4% familiar with their various applications. A majority (63.7%) preferred using a combination of digital and conventional methods in their clinical practice. However, 74.5% cited the non-availability of advanced digital technologies in India as a critical barrier to broader adoption. Additionally, 53% strongly agreed that digitalisation is essential for the future of dentistry, while 51.3% noted that cost and inadequate training pose significant hindrances to practical uptake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Digital technologies are poised to significantly broaden their impact on both dental practice and education. Addressing infrastructural deficits and enhancing training will be crucial for accelerating the adoption of digital dentistry in India and realising its benefits within prosthodontic practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":"398-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147270850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlating Lower Facial Height and Maxillary Central Incisor Height to Aid in Anterior Aesthetic Designing between Populations in Two Indian States - A Comparative Study.","authors":"Aasiya Salaria, Sunantha Selvaraj, Ramesh Raju, Divya Krishnamoorthy, G Rajkumar, Rohit P John","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_660_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_660_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the absence of pre-extraction records, it is indeed a challenge for the prosthodontist to select artificial teeth for the patient. This study proposes to generate a proportion by correlating lower facial height and maxillary central incisor height that can aid in the anterior aesthetic designing. The resultant formula(s) can be of use in the fields of restorative and prosthetic dentistry.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present study was carried out in sub-populations of two states of India, GROUP A-Tamil Nadu (n = 100) and GROUP B-Jammu and Kashmir (n = 100). The lower facial height and maxillary right central incisor height of all the subjects were measured. The two quantities between males and females; and between population of two states were analysed using an independent t-test. After deriving a positive correlation, linear regression was performed to generate an equation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The difference between mean values of lower facial height of populations in Tamil Nadu and Jammu and Kashmir was not statistically significant (P = 0.315); however, the difference between mean values of maxillary right central incisor of sub-populations in Tamil Nadu and Jammu and Kashmir was statistically significant (P = 0.011). Association of the two quantities assessed using Pearson's criteria was statistically significant (P = 0.000) with a positive r value. An equation for the calculation of upper right central incisor height using the data of lower facial height was formulated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The resulting equation can be used to generate a guide for the anterior teeth selection process as well as aid in aesthetic restorations for anterior teeth for the two distinct Indian sub-populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":"36 4","pages":"430-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chairside Clinical Time and Acceptance of Conventional and Prefabricated Band and Loop Space Maintainers in Children - A Comparative Study.","authors":"Hemlata Nehta, Morankar Rahul, Nitesh Tewari, Vijay Prakash Mathur, Kalpana Bansal, Shivam Pandey","doi":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_138_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_138_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate and compare chairside clinical time and acceptance of prefabricated and conventional band and loop space maintainers in children with premature loss of primary molars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty children aged 4-8 years with premature loss of primary first or second molars requiring a space maintainer were randomized into two groups: group 1, conventional band and loop space maintainer (CBLSM), and group 2, prefabricated band and loop space maintainer (PBLSM). The clinical evaluation for patient acceptance was carried out at six months follow-up using a five-point Likert scale. Patient comfort during clinical procedure, chairside clinical time, space loss, gingival index and plaque index were also recorded and compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After six months, both space maintainers were well accepted by the children, showing no statistically significant difference between the groups ( P > 0.05). In group 1, 40% of children, and in group 2, 46.6% of them showed mild discomfort measured using the Sound, Eye, Motor (SEM) scale, while the others were comfortable during the clinical procedure. The mean chairside clinical time required was 14.12 ± 3.90 and 19.96 ± 5.55 min for group 1 and group 2, respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( P < 0.001). The plaque index, the gingival index and space loss after six months had no statistically significant differences between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CBLSM and PBLSM were comparable in terms of patient acceptance, comfort during clinical procedure and space loss after six months. However, the mean chairside clinical time required was significantly higher in PBLSM group.</p>","PeriodicalId":13311,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Research","volume":" ","pages":"407-411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146085662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}