Immunity, Inflammation and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Altered Circulating Cytokine Profile Among mRNA-Vaccinated Young Adults: A Year-Long Follow-Up Study","authors":"Amani Alghamdi, Syed Danish Hussain, Kaiser Wani, Shaun Sabico, Abdullah M. Alnaami, Osama Emam Amer, Nasser M. Al-Daghri","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70194","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This longitudinal study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on cytokine profile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 84 Saudi subjects (57.1% females) with mean age of 27.2 ± 12.3 participated in this longitudinal study. Anthropometric data and fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline and after final vaccination, with an average follow-up duration of 14.1 ± 3.6 months for adolescents and 13.3 ± 3.0 months for adults, calculated from the first dose of vaccination. Assessment of cytokine profiles was done using commercially available assays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After follow-up, a significant increase in weight and body mass index was observed overall (<i>p</i> = 0.003 and <i>p</i> = 0.002, respectively). Postvaccination, significant increases were observed in several cytokines, including basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), interferon gamma (IFNγ) (<i>p</i> = 0.005), interleukin-1 beta (IL1β) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), IL4 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), IL6 (<i>p</i> = 0.003), IL7 (<i>p</i> = 0.001), IL17E (<i>p</i> < 0.001), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1) (<i>p</i> = 0.03), MCP3 (<i>p</i> = 0.001), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and VEGFA (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A significant reduction was observed only in macrophage colony-stimulating factor (<i>p</i> < 0.001). When adjusted for age, epidermal growth factor (EGF), IL4, IL6, MCP3, TNFα, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) remained statistically significant. Gender-based analysis revealed that men experienced greater increases in IL6 (<i>p</i> = 0.008), IL4 (<i>p</i> = 0.04), and TNFα (<i>p</i> = 0.015) compared to women. Age-based analysis showed that older participants had more pronounced increases in EGF (<i>p</i> = 0.011), IL6 (<i>p</i> = 0.029), MCP1 (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and TNFα (<i>p</i> = 0.017), while younger participants had a greater increase in VEGFA (<i>p</i> = 0.025).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of this study indicated that COVID-19 vaccination resulted in an increase in cytokine levels, which signifies the persistence of the humoral immune response to messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines. This effect may be attributed to the persistent production of spike protein and highly inflammatory nature of mRNA–lipid nanoparticle. Additionally, the results suggested differences in cytokine levels based on gender and age. Notably, the cytokine profile remains favorably altered in young adults who receiv","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Inflammation and Hearing Loss: Key Biomarkers and Subgroup Differences by Gender and BMI in a National Cohort","authors":"Zhe Peng,&nbsp;Chun-li Zhao,&nbsp;Guo-peng Wang,&nbsp;Qian Wu,&nbsp;Shu-sheng Gong","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hearing loss (HL) significantly impacts quality of life and economic status worldwide. Chronic inflammation is suggested to influence hearing, yet the connection with inflammation-related indexes in the general population is not well understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 7231 adults from six cycles (2005–2012 and 2015–2018) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). It examined the correlation between systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers (NLR, SII, PLR, and LMR) and auditory threshold shifts/HL using multivariable logistic regression models. Smooth curve fitting visualized the association, and log-likelihood ratio tests determined the existence of thresholds in biomarker effects, supplemented by subgroup analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After adjustments, significant associations were found for low-frequency HL with ln-transformed NLR (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.06–1.56, <i>p</i> = 0.0116), ln-SII (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08–1.59, <i>p</i> = 0.0065), and ln-LMR (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60–0.91, <i>p</i> = 0.00043). For high-frequency HL, similar patterns were observed for ln-SII (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.05–1.48, <i>p</i> = 0.0105) and ln-LMR (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.64–0.90, <i>p</i> = 0.007); however, the association with ln-NLR did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.00–1.40, <i>p</i> = 0.0562). NLR and SII positively correlated with HL, while LMR showed a negative correlation. No significant association was noted with PLR. Dose–response relationships were observed, particularly between LMR and all categorized frequencies of HL and between SII and high-frequency HL. Subgroup analyses indicated that NLR and SII are risk factors for HL in healthy BMI males, with LMR being more protective in males, the elderly, and diabetics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systemic inflammation-related indexes, especially SII, are predictive of both high- and low-frequency HL, highlighting the role of inflammatory homeostasis in hearing health. LMR may offer protective effects, particularly in specific subgroups. These findings suggest potential targets for HL treatment by regulating inflammation, warranting further investigation into their clinical application.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143801557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Indicates That Pggt1b Deficiency Promotes Cytokine Secretion in Resiquimod-Stimulated Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages via the NF-κB Pathway","authors":"Shanshan Yu,&nbsp;Xuecui Wei,&nbsp;Fangyuan Long,&nbsp;Heng Gu,&nbsp;Zhimin Hao","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory skin disease mediated by the innate and adaptive immune systems. Recent studies have indicated that macrophages may contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. However, the role of macrophage protein geranylgeranyl transferase type-1β subunit (PGGT1B) in psoriasis is unclear. In this study, we aimed to establish how a reduction in Pggt1b expression in monocytes influences the onset and progression of psoriasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myeloid cell-specific Pggt1b knockout mice were generated, and their bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were stimulated with resiquimod (R848) to mimic the psoriatic immune microenvironment. The proteomic analysis enabled us to identify 17 differentially expressed proteins associated with Pggt1b deficiency in the psoriasis macrophage model (folded change ≥ 1.3 and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment was performed. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays were used to verify the differentially expressed proteins and signaling pathways. Finally, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to verify the expression of the key inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, six proteins (Dlgap5, Fas, Fnta, Nlrp3, Cd14, and Ticam2) were identified as hub proteins. Furthermore, we found that Pggt1b might mediate R848-induced inflammation via the small G-proteins Rac1 or Cdc42. We found that Pggt1b positively regulates pro-inflammatory responses in R848-stimulated BMDMs via the NF-κB signaling pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study clarified that PGGT1B affected the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines via NF-κB pathway and provided insights into the mechanisms underlying immune responses and inflammation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farnesoid X Receptor Regulated Sepsis-Induced Abnormal Bile Acid Metabolism via the Fibroblast Growth Factor 15/Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Pathway","authors":"Ziyang Zhou,&nbsp;Dan Xu,&nbsp;Liou Huang,&nbsp;Yuhui Cui,&nbsp;Hui Chen,&nbsp;Jianguo Tang","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aims to investigate the mechanism of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation in sepsis-induced abnormal bile acid metabolism and the metabolism status of each bile acid type.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sepsis mouse model was developed via lipopolysaccharide intraperitoneal injection and confirmed via hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining. FXR agonist activated the FXR/fibroblast growth factor (FGF)15/FGFR pathway via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Consequently, metabolomics and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to identify the alterations in each kind of bile acid content following FXR agonist/inhibitor intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The H&amp;E staining indicated that FXR activation alleviates the liver injury of the sepsis mouse model. The increased FGF15 and FXFR expression levels and decreased CYP7A1 demonstrated FXR/FGF15/FGFR pathway activation following FXR agonist treatment. Furthermore, total bile acid, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were downregulated after FXR activation, whereas IL-10 concentration was upregulated, indicating the alleviated effect of FXR agonist in sepsis. Consequently, metabolomics and bioinformatics analysis determined that T-a-MCA were downregulated in both FXR agonist and inhibitor groups, whereas six bile acid types were altered in the control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FXR activation was crucial in alleviating sepsis-induced hepatic injury and cholestasis through the FGF15/FGFR signaling pathway, and FXR may act as a potential preventive and intervention target of sepsis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Advancements in Serum Protein Biomarkers for Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocyte Remodeling and Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Adane Adugna,&nbsp;Gashaw Azanaw Amare,&nbsp;Mohammed Jemal","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death globally. Hepatocyte remodeling, also known as hepatocyte transformation and immortalization, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are brought on by persistent inflammation caused by HBV in the host hepatocytes. One of the main concerns in the perspective of HBV-induced hepatocyte remodeling and liver cancer is accurately identifying cancer stages to maximize early screening and detection. Biological signatures have a significant impact on solving this problem.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review article aimed to discuss the novel serum protein biomarkers for HBV-induced hepatocyte remodeling and HCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The information was collected from various peer-reviewed journals through electronic searches utilizing various search engines, including PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, and Cochrane Library from 2017 to 2024. Keywords for searches included “serum protein biomarkers in HBV-HCC,” “blood-based biomarkers in HBV-HCC,” and “viral biomarkers for HBV-HCC.”</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, novel protein signatures have been discovered for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HBV-induced hepatic cell remodeling and HCC from proteomic data sets. We have discussed the recent literature on the clinical utility of the protein signatures for the diagnosis and forecasting of HBV-associated hepatocyte remodeling and HCC, including golgi protein 73 (GP73), glypican-3 (GPC3), midkine (MDK), des-γ-carboxy-prothrombin (DCP), von Willebrand factor (vWF), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), pseudouridine synthases 7 (PUSs 7), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA), and osteopontin (OPN).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All these protein markers also exhibit the survival of HBV-related HCC patients, the proliferation, migration, antiapoptosis, mitogenesis, transformation, and angiogenesis of HBV-infected hepatocytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Exploration of Immunity-Related Genes and Natural Products for Alzheimer's Disease Based on Bioinformatics, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics","authors":"Pengpeng Liang,&nbsp;Yale Wang,&nbsp;Jiamin Liu,&nbsp;Hai Huang,&nbsp;Yue Li,&nbsp;Jinhua Kang,&nbsp;Guiyun Li,&nbsp;Hongyan Wu","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent research highlights the immune system's role in AD pathogenesis and promising prospects of natural compounds in treatment. This study explores immunity-related biomarkers and potential natural products using bioinformatics, machine learning, molecular docking, and kinetic simulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AD were analyzed using GSE5281 and GSE132903 datasets. Important AD module genes were identified using a weighted co-expression algorithm (WGCNA), and immune-related genes (IRGs) were obtained from the ImmPortPortal database. Intersecting these genes yielded important IRGs. Then, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and other methods screened common immune-related AD markers. Biological pathways were explored through Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The accuracy of these markers was assessed by subject operator signature (ROC) curves and validated in the GSE122063 dataset. The datasets was then subjected to immunoinfiltration analysis. Multiple compound databases were used to analyze core Chinese medicines and components. Molecular docking and kinetic simulation verification were used for further verification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1360 differential genes and 5 biomarkers (PGF, GFAP, GPI, SST, NFKBIA) were identified, showing excellent diagnostic efficiency. GSEA revealed markers associated with Oxidative phosphorylation, Nicotine addiction, and Hippo signaling pathway. Immune infiltration analysis showed dysregulation in multiple immune cell types in AD brains, with significant interactions between markers and 5 immune cell types. A total of 27 possible herbs and 7 core compounds were eventually identified. The binding environment of GPI-luteolin and GPI-stigasterol was relatively stable and showed good affinity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PGF, GFAP, SST, GPI, and NFKBIA were identified for early AD diagnosis, associated with immune cells and pathways in AD brains. 7 promising natural compounds, including luteolin and stigmasterol, were screened for targeting these biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning-Based Immuno-Inflammatory Index Integrating Clinical Characteristics for Predicting Coronary Artery Plaque Rupture","authors":"Xi Wang,&nbsp;Qianhang Xia,&nbsp;Shuangya Yang,&nbsp;Chancui Deng,&nbsp;Ning Gu,&nbsp;Youcheng Shen,&nbsp;Zhenglong Wang,&nbsp;Bei Shi,&nbsp;Ranzun Zhao","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Coronary artery plaque rupture (PR) is closely associated with immune-inflammatory responses. The systemic inflammatory index (SII) and the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) have shown potential in predicting the occurrence of PR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to establish a machine learning (ML) model that integrates baseline patient characteristics, SII, and SIRI to predict PR. The goal is to identify high-risk PR patients before intravascular imaging examinations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 337 patients with acute coronary syndrome who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary optical coherence tomography (OCT) at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, China, from May 2023 to October 2023. PR was determined by OCT images. Through manual feature selection, nine features, including SII and SIRI, were included, and an ML model was built using the XGBoost algorithm. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves. SHAP values were used to assess the contribution of each feature to the model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ML model demonstrated a higher area under the curve value (AUC = 0.81) compared to using SII or SIRI alone for prediction. The ML model also showed good calibration. SHAP values revealed that the top three features in the ML model were SII, LDL-C, and SIRI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The immuno-inflammatory index, which integrates comprehensive clinical characteristics, can predict the occurrence of PR. However, large-scale, multicenter studies are needed to confirm the generalizability of the predictive model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Metabolomics and 16S Ribosomal RNA Sequencing to Elucidate the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis","authors":"Xin Wang,&nbsp;Haojie Xu,&nbsp;Yuyan Chao,&nbsp;Chao Sun,&nbsp;Tingting Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Fan,&nbsp;Lin Tang,&nbsp;Shengqian Xu,&nbsp;Changhao Xie","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite growing interest in the gut microbiota and blood metabolome in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), its role remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate how microbial and metabolic alterations contribute to AS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fecal microbiome data from 40 AS patients were compared with those from 40 healthy controls (HCs) using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. The plasma metabolic profiles were analyzed and integrated with the microbiota data to identify biological characteristics specific to AS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AS patients showed significant enrichment of specific genera, including <i>Megamonas, Elusimicrobium, Dysgonomonas, Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group</i>, and <i>unclassified_Prevotellaceae</i>. Pathways with the most differentially expressed metabolites included bile secretion; neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin biosynthesis; and arachidonic acid metabolism. Positive correlations between <i>Megamonas</i> and <i>Elusimicrobium</i> and metabolites such as piribedil, <span>l</span>-cystathionine, and crocetin dialdehyde suggested microbial enrichment in AS patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A disrupted gut microbiota and altered metabolites are present in AS patients. Integrating microbiome and metabolomic data reveals significant disruptions in AS patients, improving our understanding of its pathogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Dysregulation in HIV and COVID-19 Co-infection: Therapeutic Implications","authors":"Maryam Nejabat,&nbsp;Mohammad Motamedifar,&nbsp;Saeid Amirizadeh Fard,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Heydari,&nbsp;Soudabeh Bemani","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Co-infection with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 presents a complex clinical picture. Deciphering the immune response in this population, particularly the role of cytokines underlying immunopathogenesis could elucidates the development of targeted therapeutic interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective, two-stage study enrolled 75 individuals with HIV diagnosed with COVID-19 (case group) and 25 individuals from the general population infected with SARS-CoV-2 only (control group). COVID-19 diagnosis followed World Health Organization guidelines. Plasma cytokine levels were measured using a cytokine bead array.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The case group skewed slightly females (61.2% vs. 42.9% female in the control group) an average age of 3 years older (44.13 years vs. 40.86 years). Importantly, all the case group participants had mild complications, while a significant majority (88.1%) in the control group experienced severe complications. The control group displayed a substantially higher IgM titer 963 IU/mL compared to only 39.3 IU/mL in the case group. The control group had significantly higher levels of IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α compared to the case group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study suggests a potentially distinct immune response in HIV-positive patients when infected with SARS-CoV-2. Elucidating these differences could lead to the development of more effective treatment strategies for this vulnerable population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Complex Inflammatory and Nutritional Indices to Predict Prognostic Risk for Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention","authors":"Ge Song,&nbsp;Xinchen Wang,&nbsp;Chen Wei,&nbsp;Yuewen Qi,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Lixian Sun","doi":"10.1002/iid3.70180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the role of the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in predicting the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 1377 patients with ACS who underwent PCI between January 2016 and December 2018 were consecutively enrolled. The patients were divided into MACEs (<i>n</i> = 60) and non-MACEs (<i>n</i> = 1317) groups. The study endpoints were MACEs, including cardiac-related mortality and rehospitalization for severe heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), and in-stent restenosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both groups showed significant differences in the patients with age &gt; 65 years, history of HF, acute MI, cardiogenic shock, left ventricular ejection fraction &lt; 40%, SIRI ≥ 2.848, SIRI/HDL-C ≥ 1.977, and SIRI × LDL-C ≥ 4.609. The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that the low SIRI group had higher cumulative survival than the high SIRI group. Additionally, the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that SIRI ≥ 2.848, SIRI/HDL-C ≥ 1.977, and SIRI × LDL-C ≥ 4.609 were independent risk factors for patients with ACS undergoing PCI. Restricted cubic spline models were generated to visualize the relationship between SIRI, SIRI/HDL-C, and SIRI × LDL-C and the prognostic risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SIRI ≥ 2.848, SIRI/HDL-C ≥ 1.977, and SIRI × LDL-C ≥ 4.609 were all independent prognostic risk factors in patients with ACS undergoing PCI, which may be useful markers for assessment for long prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13289,"journal":{"name":"Immunity, Inflammation and Disease","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/iid3.70180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}