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The estimation of nanosized droplets in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 聚合物分散液晶中纳米液滴的估计
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581221
S. Pajeda, L. Rastenienė, Antanas Kudarauskas, V. Bastys, A. Kulbickas, Mantas Miksys, Jonas Tiskevicius, R. Vaišnoras
{"title":"The estimation of nanosized droplets in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal","authors":"S. Pajeda, L. Rastenienė, Antanas Kudarauskas, V. Bastys, A. Kulbickas, Mantas Miksys, Jonas Tiskevicius, R. Vaišnoras","doi":"10.1117/12.581221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581221","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present the estimation of average droplet radius in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film by using optical transparency measurements in electric fields and following calibration by means of the Rayleigh-Gans approximation.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134395170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thermodynamic studies of induced antiferroelectric phases in chiral and racemic systems 手性和外消旋体系中诱导反铁电相的热力学研究
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581069
M. Filipowicz, P. Kula, K. Czupryński
{"title":"Thermodynamic studies of induced antiferroelectric phases in chiral and racemic systems","authors":"M. Filipowicz, P. Kula, K. Czupryński","doi":"10.1117/12.581069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581069","url":null,"abstract":"Bi- and multicomponent mixtures consisted of two groups of synclinic chiral esters: first one with a partially fluorinated terminal chain and the second one with hydrogenated terminal chain have been used for investigations. For some systems the induction of the anticlinic smectic CA* phase was observed. Enthalpies of the phase transitions for the systems with induced smectic CA phase upon compositions and specific heat were measured by DSC method.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126526107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis and liquid crystalline properties of trimellitimides and their sulfur analogues 三ellitimide及其硫类似物的合成及液晶性质
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581068
D. Melon-Ksyta, A. Orzeszko, K. Czupryński
{"title":"Synthesis and liquid crystalline properties of trimellitimides and their sulfur analogues","authors":"D. Melon-Ksyta, A. Orzeszko, K. Czupryński","doi":"10.1117/12.581068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581068","url":null,"abstract":"A series of novel ester imides and thioimides have been synthesized from N-substituted trimellitimides and 4-hydroxybiphenyl or 4'-alkoxy-4-hydroxybiphenyls. The correlation between structure and behavior of the obtained compounds was studied. It has been found that imides without alkoxy tails are nonliquid crystalline while compounds possessing 4'-O-substituted biphenol moieties exhibit smectic phases. An introduction of sulfur atoms into an imide ring instead of oxygen atoms resulted in the fact that appropriate thioimides show monotropic SmA phases while the parent imides were nonliquid crystalline. Compounds with short aliphatic substituents (C1 - C4) show only SmA phases. The longer tails (C5) induce also SmC phases.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"5565 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130153801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electro-optical characteristics of the novelty system: ionic doped liquid crystal-conductive polymer 新型体系的电光特性:离子掺杂液晶导电聚合物
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581206
Z. Mykytyuk, O. Aksimentyeva, P. Stakhira, V. Cherpak, A. Fechan, O. Konopelnik
{"title":"Electro-optical characteristics of the novelty system: ionic doped liquid crystal-conductive polymer","authors":"Z. Mykytyuk, O. Aksimentyeva, P. Stakhira, V. Cherpak, A. Fechan, O. Konopelnik","doi":"10.1117/12.581206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581206","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account that ionic-doped liquid crystals are conductive and the conductance depends on dopant concentration, we suggested using ionic-doped liquid crystals as a electrolytic medium in a described configuration of cell. The application of an ionic doped liquid crystal as electrolytic medium in electrochromic device were investigated. Polyaniline is a conductive polymer and has electrochromic effect in an electrolytic medium under the applied voltage. The spectral investigation of the electrochromic effect of polyaniline was carried out in a new cell. The spectral dependences of such structure were presented on paper. An appearance of electrochromic effect was observed in a structure SnO2 -- liquid crystal -- polyaniline -- SnO2.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123844349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Electro-optics of antiferroelectric orthoconic reflective displays 反铁电正交反射显示器的电光学
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581123
P. Castillo, J. Otón, R. Dabrowski, A. Lara, X. Quintana, N. Bennis
{"title":"Electro-optics of antiferroelectric orthoconic reflective displays","authors":"P. Castillo, J. Otón, R. Dabrowski, A. Lara, X. Quintana, N. Bennis","doi":"10.1117/12.581123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581123","url":null,"abstract":"The contrast of antiferroelectric liquid crystal (AFLC) displays working on transmissive mode is degraded by the presence of pretransitional effect. Contrast is significantly enhanced by the use of orthoconic materials, i.e., AFLC mixtures with 45° smectic cone half angle. However, current orthoconic materials usually show short helical pitch (<1 μm), what hinders the surface stabilization of the material with standard alignments. Indeed, cell thickness should be small compared to helical pitch, in order to surface-stabilize the material. Cell thickness nonetheless cannot be arbitrarily chosen, since AFLCs behave as linear retardation plates whose performance is a function of optical path. In the case of transmissive cells, thickness is fixed about 1.5 - 2 μm, i.e., wider than helical pitch. As an alternative, the use of reflective cells has been proposed. In these cells, the optical path is doubled; therefore, the same optical performance can be obtained, in principle, with 0.8 - 1 μm reflective cells than with transmissive cells twice as thick, whereas surface-stabilization is improved. In this work, the electro-optical behavior of orthoconic reflective cells is studied. Multiplexed seven-level driving schemes have been employed for dynamic analysis of orthoconic displays, allowing video-rate multiplexed analogue grayscale.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121951323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Molecular theory of the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases in smectic liquid crystals 近晶液晶中铁电相和反铁电相的分子理论
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581085
A. Muravski, Frank Schmauder, A. Geiger, A. A. Minko
{"title":"Molecular theory of the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases in smectic liquid crystals","authors":"A. Muravski, Frank Schmauder, A. Geiger, A. A. Minko","doi":"10.1117/12.581085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581085","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular theory of the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric smectic phases is developed taking into account the distribution of dipole moment in molecule of liquid crystal. Very important role are played mutual dislocation different fragments molecules inside smectic layer and play key role in dipole-dipole interaction between neighboring layers. Microscopic theory is constructed using the dipole-dipole interaction of the permanent molecular dipole moments. Three ordered phases are found, one has synclinic, second is anticlinic and third is twisted structure. In twisted structure the angle between two layers is 90 degree. Discuss specific ordering which is necessary for formation every phase.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123653457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
High-temperature chiral phases: a role of fluctuations 高温手性相:涨落作用
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581080
L. Longa, W. Józefowicz
{"title":"High-temperature chiral phases: a role of fluctuations","authors":"L. Longa, W. Józefowicz","doi":"10.1117/12.581080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581080","url":null,"abstract":"A connection between chirality at the molecular and mesoscopic scales and the corresponding macroscopic chiral structure of liquid crystalline phases is one of key issues of soft matter research. The most appropriate theoretical tools to study chirality-induced structures are statistical field theory of correlation functions and computer simulations. The correlations are calculated for the order parameter fields that enter phenomenological description of a given chiral phase, like two-point correlations for cholesterics as constructed out of the alignment tensor field. A quantity that could subsequently be derived from such correlations and used to measure chirality is, for example, the optical activity tensor or, as for bent-core systems, the traceless and symmetric third-rank tensor. In this paper we explicitly show a relation between chirality and two-point correlations of the alignment tensor field. The correlations are determined from Monte-Carlo simulations for a model isotropic liquid of chiral Gay-Berne fluid. The calculated molecular quantities are consistent with recent predictions of statistical field theory.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125857951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fluorescent dyes mixed with liquid crystals in Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films 在Langmuir和Langmuir- blodgett薄膜中，荧光染料与液晶混合
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581134
T. Martyński, A. Biadasz, R. Hertmanowski, D. Bauman
{"title":"Fluorescent dyes mixed with liquid crystals in Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films","authors":"T. Martyński, A. Biadasz, R. Hertmanowski, D. Bauman","doi":"10.1117/12.581134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581134","url":null,"abstract":"Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films of various dyes, namely derivatives of: 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid, 3,4,9-perylenetricarboxylic acid, naphthalenebicarboxylic acid and naphthoylenebenzimidazole as well as of their mixtures with a liquid crystal were investigated. The dependence of the surface pressure -- on the mean molecular area for Langmuir films was measured, from which the molecular organization and the miscibility of components in the monomolecular layer at the air-water interface were determined. For Langmuir-Blodgett films the absorption and emission spectra were recorded and information about the spectral properties and molecular alignment of dyes and liquid crystals in ultrathin layers at solid substrates was obtained.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116676091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dynamics of ps-pulse induced gratings in LC panels LC面板中ps脉冲感应光栅的动力学
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2002-06-27 DOI: 10.1117/12.472182
S. Bartkiewicz, A. Miniewicz, B. Sahraoui, F. Kajzar
{"title":"Dynamics of ps-pulse induced gratings in LC panels","authors":"S. Bartkiewicz, A. Miniewicz, B. Sahraoui, F. Kajzar","doi":"10.1117/12.472182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.472182","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work we focused our attention on studies of PVK:TNF hybrid polymer liquid crystal panels under short pulse laser illumination conditions. The diffraction gratings in a LC panel were induced by crossed beams generated by doubled in frequency Nd:YAG laser ((lambda) equals 532 nm) delivering pulses of 20 ps duration. So induced gratings were read by a cw laser radiation coming from a weak power He-Ne laser working at (lambda) equals 632.8 nm. The temporal evolution of intensity of first order diffraction measured in PVK:TNF hybrid liquid crystal panels shows many interesting features and complexity dependent on various experimental conditions. The substantial diffraction is observed already in time less than 1 ms after the pulse and the grating decay is completed within hundreds of milliseconds. At least three different steps of grating build-up can be distinguished which depend in various ways on the experimental conditions. A tentative mechanism of the observed responses is discussed in connection with the photoconductive properties of polymeric layers and the optical and electrical properties of the used liquid crystal E-7 (Merck).","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127127943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Interferometric investigations of elliptical-core liquid crystal fibers 椭圆芯液晶光纤的干涉测量研究
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2002-06-27 DOI: 10.1117/12.472187
A. Szymańska, T. Wolinski, W. Górski
{"title":"Interferometric investigations of elliptical-core liquid crystal fibers","authors":"A. Szymańska, T. Wolinski, W. Górski","doi":"10.1117/12.472187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.472187","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a new approach to structural investigations of elliptical-core liquid crystal fibers (ECLCFs) by using the interferometric method. The method enables to confirm envisaged molecular distribution within the elliptical core previously observed in polarimetric configuration.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123550705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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