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Structure property relationship study on new cubane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid derivatives 新型古巴烷-1,4-二羧酸衍生物的构效关系研究
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581058
G. Bényei, Istvan Jalsovszki, K. Fodor-csorba
{"title":"Structure property relationship study on new cubane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid derivatives","authors":"G. Bényei, Istvan Jalsovszki, K. Fodor-csorba","doi":"10.1117/12.581058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581058","url":null,"abstract":"Three new series of cubane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid derivatives have been prepared as bis[(4'-alkyl)phenyl]cubane-1,4-dicarboxylates, bis[(4'-alkoxy)phenyl]cubane-1,4-dicarboxylates, and two chiral derivatives as bis(cholestenyl)cubane-1,4-dicarboxylate and (S)- bis{4'-[(2-methylbutyl)oxycarbonyl}phenyl}cubane-1,4-dicarboxylate. These ester type compounds have the bulky cubane skeleton as a central building block in their core system. The lower homologues of the alkoxyphenyl ester series exhibited nematic, the higher ones smectic A phase. The mesophase formation was supressed in case of the (4-alkyl)phenyl- and chiral derivatives.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114563079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quasi-stable configurations of liquid crystals in polyhedral geometries 多面体几何中液晶的准稳定构型
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581132
A. Majumdar, C. Newton, J. Robbins, M. Zyskin
{"title":"Quasi-stable configurations of liquid crystals in polyhedral geometries","authors":"A. Majumdar, C. Newton, J. Robbins, M. Zyskin","doi":"10.1117/12.581132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581132","url":null,"abstract":"Bistable director configurations are of great interest in liquid crystal display technologies, offering the possibility of higher resolution combined with reduced power consumption. One way to achieve such bistability is to use the cell geometry. As part of an ongoing programme to analyze quasi-stable configurations of liquid crystals in polyhedral geometries, we construct a topological classification scheme of unit-vector fields in convex polyhedra subject to tangential boundary conditions and obtain a general lower bound on the energy of these configurations. We also study the specific case of a unit cube, where we obtain lower and upper bounds for the energies of a family of topological types.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129592168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nonlinear optical and electro-optical properties of ionic lyotropic smectics with different impurities 含不同杂质离子溶致聚合物的非线性光学和电光性质
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.582448
G. Klimusheva, S. Bugaychuk, T. Mirnaya, A. Vakhnin, O. Kolesnik
{"title":"Nonlinear optical and electro-optical properties of ionic lyotropic smectics with different impurities","authors":"G. Klimusheva, S. Bugaychuk, T. Mirnaya, A. Vakhnin, O. Kolesnik","doi":"10.1117/12.582448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.582448","url":null,"abstract":"Metal-organic ionic smectices (MOIS) have investigated to find their photorefractive properties. For the first time the multiplexing holographic recording of permanent gratings is obtained in pure lyotropic MOIS. It is proposed new mechanism of holographic recording in ionic smectics involving photo-chemical processes associated with multi-photon absorption. Dynamic grating recording has obtained in MOIS doped by electrochromic impurity (viologen) and in ionic smectic glasses composed by decanoate Co2+. A regeneration of viologen from radical state to initial molecule state becomes the main recording mechanism in MOIS with viologen impurity. Electronic absorption of Co2+ determines the recording of dynamic gratings in the ionic smectic glasses.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128765224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rheological properties of aqueous solutions of biopolymeric hyaluronan 生物聚合物透明质酸水溶液的流变性能
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581218
E. Szwajczak
{"title":"Rheological properties of aqueous solutions of biopolymeric hyaluronan","authors":"E. Szwajczak","doi":"10.1117/12.581218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581218","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous solutions of hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan, HA) were studied. The HA compound is a natural polysaccharide, bipolymer. It plays an important role in numerous biological processes as a component of the extracellular matrix, connective tissues and, especially, human and animal synovial joints. Natural and artificial solutions of the HA have demonstrated the viscoelastic nature. These properties are shown to be related to the microstructure parameters (bulk concentration, molecular weight) and external parameters (temperature, stress, shear rate). We emphasize the role of the flow properties of polymeric systems. It is found a liquid crystalline \"order\" can be \"induced\" during the material flow. The dynamic properties, such as the elastic shear modulus and viscous shear modulus, are given. These results are discussed in relation to the postulated function of hyaluronic acid in synovial joint and with respect to possibilities o their application in medicine and pharmacology.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128585878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Study of nematic and smectic order fluctuations in the nematic phase through proton magnetic relaxometry 用质子磁弛豫法研究向列相的向列和近序波动
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581136
B. Kumar, V. Satheesh, K. Venu, V. Sastry, R. Dabrowski
{"title":"Study of nematic and smectic order fluctuations in the nematic phase through proton magnetic relaxometry","authors":"B. Kumar, V. Satheesh, K. Venu, V. Sastry, R. Dabrowski","doi":"10.1117/12.581136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581136","url":null,"abstract":"Proton Magnetic relaxation dispersion (PMRD) measurements were made, at several temperatures, in the nematic phase of the liquid crystal 80CB employing field cycling NMR technique. PMRD data show that pretransitional effects dominate the relaxation mechanism within about two degrees from the isotropic -- nematic transition temperature. The nematic director fluctuations essentially determine the relaxation mechanism at lower temperatures. The presence of short range smectic organizations, and a rapid increase in the size of these clusters at the nematic-smectic transition, could be observed through these PMRD studies. While in the mid-nematic phase these clusters are relatively smaller and isotropic in shape, their size grows by more than an order of magnitude and they become anisotropic in shape as nematic -- smectic transition is approached. The information regarding the other dynamic processes, such as molecular self-diffusion and reorientations, which also contribute to the spin relaxation, is also obtained through these studies.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"24 2-3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114118079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Shear stress temperature dependences of nematic-cholesteric mixtures 向列型-胆甾混合物的剪切应力温度依赖性
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581111
Z. Mykytyuk, V. Cherpak, Andriy Fechan
{"title":"Shear stress temperature dependences of nematic-cholesteric mixtures","authors":"Z. Mykytyuk, V. Cherpak, Andriy Fechan","doi":"10.1117/12.581111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581111","url":null,"abstract":"The actuality of liquid crystal (LC) materials with supermolecular helix structure studies is caused by their wide using for information display and processing devices, such as large information boards, portable reflective displays etc. The main studies directions are synthesis of new compounds, surface stabilization development, design of new concepts of electronic driving circuits. For a wider use of these materials use it is necessary to solve the problem of complex influence of dielectric anisotropy, supermolecular helix pitch, elastic constants and viscosity on electro-optic effects and phase transitions in these materials. The multicomponent mixtures studies are the most interest and perspective.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116293610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of novel banana-shaped liquid crystal compounds containing methyl-group in the central fragment 中心片段含甲基的新型香蕉状液晶化合物的合成及其介形性质
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581070
A. I. Galatina, Nadiya S. Novikova, M. Y. Yarkova, V. D. Panikarskaya
{"title":"Synthesis and mesomorphic properties of novel banana-shaped liquid crystal compounds containing methyl-group in the central fragment","authors":"A. I. Galatina, Nadiya S. Novikova, M. Y. Yarkova, V. D. Panikarskaya","doi":"10.1117/12.581070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581070","url":null,"abstract":"The novel banana-shaped liquid crystal materials namely 4-methyl-1,3-benzenedicarbonic acid esters have been synthesized and their mesomorphic properties have been studied. The differential scanning calorimeter investigation showed that these compounds decomposed at temperature above 200°C, so the thermograph measurements in regime of cooling from isotropic liquid have not made. Data of polarizing microscopy show that all prepared compounds are mesomorphic and form mesophase in narrow temperature interval, which have not identified.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133885495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Properties of new polar liquid crystalline materials with the keto group and different number of lactate units 含酮基和不同乳酸基数的新型极性液晶材料的性能
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581063
Alexej Bubnov, M. Glogarová, Y. Semenova, Y. Panarin, M. Kaspar, V. Hamplová
{"title":"Properties of new polar liquid crystalline materials with the keto group and different number of lactate units","authors":"Alexej Bubnov, M. Glogarová, Y. Semenova, Y. Panarin, M. Kaspar, V. Hamplová","doi":"10.1117/12.581063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581063","url":null,"abstract":"New series of chiral liquid crystalline materials with the same rigid core with keto group and a various number of (S)-lactate groups in the chiral part of the moelcule have been studid by DSC, X-ray, electro-optics and dielectric spectroscopy. All compounds contain branched terminal alkyl chain derived from (S)-2-methylbutanol. The influence of the lactate number on mesogenic behavior of those compounds has been studied. All compounds show the paraelectric SmA phase and the ferroelectric SmC* phase in a rather wide temperature range. The antiferroelectric SmC*A phase was detected for the compound possessing two lactate groups. A polar field-induced smectic phase have been observed by electro-optic studies.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130707251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Determination of anisotropy of diamagnetic susceptibility for nematics and polar anchoring energy coefficient for nematics: substrate systems by wedge cell method 向列体抗磁化率的各向异性和向列体极性锚定能量系数的测定:楔元法衬底体系
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581091
J. Kędzierski, Z. Raszewski, M. Kojdecki, J. Zieliński, E. Miszczyk, L. Lipińska
{"title":"Determination of anisotropy of diamagnetic susceptibility for nematics and polar anchoring energy coefficient for nematics: substrate systems by wedge cell method","authors":"J. Kędzierski, Z. Raszewski, M. Kojdecki, J. Zieliński, E. Miszczyk, L. Lipińska","doi":"10.1117/12.581091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581091","url":null,"abstract":"A wedge cell of the wedge angle of order of few milliradians was used to measure threshold magnetic fields for the magnetic Freedericksz transition. A nematic liquid crystal filling the cell was of planar orientation enforced by the treatment of the flat boundary plates. A system of interference fringes appeared in the cell placed in normally incident light between analyzer and polarizer crossed. In the vicinity of each fringe the cell could be considered as a flat-parallel one and hence it was equivalent to a system of flat cells of different precisely determined thickness. The threshold magnetic field magnitudes were interpreted as eigenvalues of the boundary eigenvalue problem for the operator of second derivative; the interaction between the nematics and the substrate was described by the Rapini-Papoular formula (i.e. weak coupling was considered). The resulting formulae were used to determine the polar anchoring energy coefficient and the anisotropy of diamagnetic susceptibility after the threshold fields measured. The method was applied to characterize the nematic liquid crystal PCB and the coupling between it and the substrates made of poly(amic acid) MP2. The estimates of material parameters agreed pretty well with those determined by the composite method.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131134458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Why certain liquids have the liquid crystal properties 为什么某些液体具有液晶性质
Liquid crystals (Print) Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1117/12.581138
P. Adamski
{"title":"Why certain liquids have the liquid crystal properties","authors":"P. Adamski","doi":"10.1117/12.581138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.581138","url":null,"abstract":"The creation reasons of liquid crystal state have not explained up to now. This article is devoted for the elaboration a new solution of this problem. Author found the new calculation method of expression Σ(ri)2 which is a function of temperature, molecular weight and light wavelength. The Σ(ri)2 characterize the molecule of liquid and is connected with the distance polarizability tensor components αparallel1, αperpendicular1 by the formula. Σ(ri)2 = (Z ro)½ [(αparallel1)½/2 + (αperpendicular1)½]. For liquid crystal one can obtain two values of Σ(ri)2. First the Σ(ri)2To for the transition temperature To the isotropic liquid state of liquid crystal and second Σ(ri)2Tc for the transition temperature to the solid state of liquid Crystal. These quantities must to satisfy the relation Σ(ri)2To < Σ(ri)2Tc for all liquid crystals. If it is inversely the liquid does not possess the liquid crystal properties.","PeriodicalId":132866,"journal":{"name":"Liquid crystals (Print)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133185330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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