Molecular theory of the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases in smectic liquid crystals

Abstract

Molecular theory of the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric smectic phases is developed taking into account the distribution of dipole moment in molecule of liquid crystal. Very important role are played mutual dislocation different fragments molecules inside smectic layer and play key role in dipole-dipole interaction between neighboring layers. Microscopic theory is constructed using the dipole-dipole interaction of the permanent molecular dipole moments. Three ordered phases are found, one has synclinic, second is anticlinic and third is twisted structure. In twisted structure the angle between two layers is 90 degree. Discuss specific ordering which is necessary for formation every phase.