Immunobiology最新文献

{"title":"Nucleotide receptor P2X7/STAT6 pathway regulates macrophage M2 polarization and its application in CAR-T immunotherapy","authors":"Qin Si ,&nbsp;Lu Yang ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Ruifang Bu ,&nbsp;Na Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A key factor underlying the failure of Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell (CAR-T) therapy in ovarian cancer (OC) is the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which is intricately linked to M2 polarization among tumor-infiltrating macrophages. P2X7 receptor has been previously documented as expressed within these macrophages and its correlation with M2 polarization is evident. This investigation scrutinizes whether silencing of P2X7 receptor within macrophages could lead to augmented anti-tumor potency of CAR-T.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were artificially differentiated into macrophages or M2 macrophage in vitro. After silencing P2X7 receptor and/or overexpressing STAT6 within macrophages, the M1 and M2 markers were evaluated via flow cytometry, ELISA, and qRT-PCR. Additionally, the phosphorylation level of STAT6 was monitored by western blot. We engineered CAR-T cells targeting the non-functional P2X7 (nfP2X7) receptor, and co-cultured them with macrophages silencing P2X7 receptor along with OC cells. The anti-tumor effect of these CAR-T cells was assessed through evaluating OC cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, and IFN-γ levels.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>P2X7 receptor silencing promotes M1 macrophage marker expression (CD86, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), diminishes M2 macrophage marker expression (CD206 and IL-10) and suppresses STAT6 phosphorylation, whereas STAT6 overexpression reverses these phenomena. Furthermore, M2 macrophage suppresses the toxic effect of CAR-T cells on OC cells, while silencing the P2X7 receptor nullifies the immunosuppressive effect of M2 macrophages on CAR-T cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Silencing P2X7 receptor can reverse M2 macrophage polarization by suppressing STAT6 activation, thereby enhancing the anti-tumor efficacy of CAR-T cells targeting nfP2X7 receptor in OC cell lines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"230 1","pages":"Article 152863"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downregulation of the immunoproteasome subunit PSMB8 attenuates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury through the NF-κB pathway","authors":"Min Li ,&nbsp;Wenjia Tong ,&nbsp;Chao Dai ,&nbsp;Guoping Lu ,&nbsp;Danqun Jin ,&nbsp;Fang Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is a prevalent and life-threatening complication in hospitalized and critically ill patients. Recent researches indicates that immunoproteasome, especially proteasome 20S subunit beta 8 (PSMB8), is highly associated with various kidney diseases. This study aims to investigate the potential involvement of PSMB8 in S-AKI and its impact on apoptosis and inflammation. The model of S-AKI induced by LPS (10 mg/kg) was assessed by histological examination. ELISA and Real-time PCR were used to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the renal cortex. The role of shPSMB8 in LPS-induced apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Finally, western blot was performed to assess the NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins, and the nuclear translocation of NF-kB P65 was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. PSMB8 knockdown substantially protected against renal injury by reducing blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels and ameliorating inflammation. PSMB8 knockdown inhibited renal expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and COX-2 to improve inflammatory response. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that downregulation of PSMB8 blocked LPS-induced S-AKI phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB P65. Collectively, our results suggest that inhibition of PSMB8 significantly contributes to S-AKI via regulation of NF-κB. These findings reveal the pathogenic role of PSMB8 in AKI and suggest a novel therapeutic target for the condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"230 1","pages":"Article 152862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"M2-like macrophage-derived exosomes inhibit osteoclastogenesis via releasing miR-1227-5p","authors":"Shan Chen,&nbsp;Jian Liu,&nbsp;Lilei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Macrophages play a pivotal role in regulating inflammatory response in periodontitis, a condition characterized by excessive osteoclast differentiation. This study aimed to investigate whether exosomes derived from M2 macrophages regulate osteoclast differentiation and to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Exosomes were isolated from M2 macrophages and used to treat osteoclasts. Osteoclastogenesis was assessed using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The molecular mechanism was evaluated using microarray analysis, RT-qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter analysis, and RNA pull-down assay. The results showed that exosomes from M2 macrophages inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. Additionally, miR-1227-5p expression in osteoclasts was increased after treatment with exosomes, and inhibition of miR-1227-5p counteracted the suppressive effects of exosomes on osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, OSCAR is a target of miR-1227-5p. In conclusion, exosomal miR-1227-5p suppresses osteoclast differentiation, potentially via targeting OSCAR. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of periodontitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"230 1","pages":"Article 152861"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of HLA-G 3’UTR polymorphisms and increased HLA-G expression with gastric cancer susceptibility and prognosis","authors":"Ines Zemni ,&nbsp;Daria Bortolotti ,&nbsp;Sabrine Dhouioui ,&nbsp;Sana Baroudi ,&nbsp;Malek Ferjani ,&nbsp;Inès Nasri ,&nbsp;Yosr Zenzri ,&nbsp;Md Ataur Rahman ,&nbsp;Abdel Halim Harrath ,&nbsp;Roberta Rizzo ,&nbsp;Nadia Boujelbene ,&nbsp;Inès Zidi","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gastric cancer (GC) remains a serious health concern and is characterized by a multifactorial etiology involving both genetic and epigenetic factors. The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G 3’UTR polymorphisms and the expression of HLA-G in both tumor tissues and plasma samples from patients with GC in the Tunisian population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>HLA-G 3’UTR polymorphisms (14pb Insertion/deletion and + 3142C/G) were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or Sanger sequencing. Plasma levels of sHLA-G (total sHLA-G, shed HLA-G1 and HLA-G5) were determined. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of HLA-G in tumor tissues.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Del/Del genotype and Del allele frequencies were different between GC patients and healthy donors (HD) (OR [95 % CI] = 2.483 [1.070–5.410], <em>p</em> = 0.025 vs. OR [95 % CI] = 1.537 [0.924–2.584], <em>p</em> = 0.099; respectively). The C/C genotype and C allele frequencies were significantly greater in GC patients than in HD (OR [95 % CI] = 2.269[0.1.070–4.904], <em>p</em> = 0.033 vs. OR [95 % CI] = 1.746[1.045–2.878], <em>p</em> = 0.034; respectively). Interestingly, the Del/Del genotype and Del allele were significantly associated with an increased risk of GC in patients aged ≥55 years at diagnosis. HLA-G was highly expressed in GC tissues, particularly in tissues with advanced tumor invasion (T3 + T4). Compared with HD, GC patients had higher soluble HLA-G, shed HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 levels (Mann-Whitney: <em>p</em> = 0.001, p = 0.001 and <em>p</em> = 0.643, respectively). Assessment of patients' survival by Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the Del allele was significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) in GC patients at advanced stages III + IV (<em>p</em> = 0.043).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that HLA-G 3’UTR polymorphisms are associated with GC susceptibility in Tunisian population. The expression of HLA-G in both the tissue and plasma may play an important role in the development and progression of GC. Therefore, the current study supported the recommendation of investigating HLA-G 3’UTR polymorphisms in GC and indicated that HLA-G molecules could serve as promising therapeutic targets in GC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"230 1","pages":"Article 152864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum KL-6 levels reflect the severity of interstitial lung disease caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors","authors":"Xiaoping Li ,&nbsp;Dan Xue ,&nbsp;Qiongying Wei ,&nbsp;Xuexue Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tumor immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has emerged as a powerful strategy in treating malignant tumors, exhibiting efficacy in both first-line and second-line treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite their success, ICIs can lead to adverse reactions, including interstitial lung disease (ILD), with an incidence ranging from 2.7 % to 20.0 %. The lack of clear correlations with dosage, duration, or drug efficacy, coupled with nonspecific clinical manifestations, poses challenges in timely diagnosis and effective management. This study examined the association between ICIs-related ILD and serum levels of KL-6 and inflammatory markers in NSCLC patients. A total of 382 NSCLC patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SQC, <em>n</em> = 81), adenocarcinoma (ACA, <em>n</em> = 132), and large cell carcinoma (LCC, <em>n</em> = 169) were included, of whom 191 developed ILD following ICIs treatment. Serum KL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-6 were quantified using ELISA. Results showed significantly elevated serum KL-6 levels in ILD patients (759.35 ± 214.14 U/mL) compared to those without ILD (270.81 ± 124.98 U/mL). Cancer subtype analysis revealed increased KL-6 levels across SQC, ACA, and LCC ILD patients (SQC: 645.89 ± 255.07, ACA: 797.39 ± 192.30, LCC: 783.57 ± 191.21; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). ROC analysis identified diagnostic thresholds for KL-6: 277.4 U/mL for SQC (sensitivity 0.9756, specificity 0.8250), 346.9 U/mL for ACA (sensitivity 0.9583, specificity 0.8333), and 281.3 U/mL for LCC (sensitivity 0.9873, specificity 0.6111). Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between KL-6 and TNF-α (<em>r</em> = 0.4626, <em>p</em> = 0.0023), IL-8 (<em>r</em> = 0.5584, <em>p</em> = 0.0001), and IL-6 (<em>r</em> = 0.5336, <em>p</em> = 0.0003) in SQC ILD patients. These findings suggest that elevated KL-6 levels and inflammatory markers are indicative of ILD in ICIs-treated NSCLC patients, with potential diagnostic implications across cancer subtypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"230 1","pages":"Article 152866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA from endothelial cells activated the cGAS-STING pathway and regulated pyroptosis in lung ischaemia reperfusion injury after lung transplantation","authors":"Ying-nan Ju ,&nbsp;Hu Li ,&nbsp;Zi-peng Zhuo ,&nbsp;Qing Yang ,&nbsp;Wei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Cell dysfunction and death induced by lung ischaemia–reperfusion injury (LIRI) are the main causes of death in transplant patients. Activation of the cGAS-STING-induced immune response and death plays a critical role in multiple organ injuries. However, no study has yet investigated the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in LIRI after lung transplantation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to left lung transplantation and administered inhibitors of cGAS and STING. The expression of cGAS-STING-TBK1-IRF3, histological injury, pulmonary permeability, and the levels of cytokines and pyroptotic proteins in transplanted lungs were tested. Endothelial cells were subjected to hypoxemia and reoxygenation and treated with inhibitors of cGAS and STING. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the cGAS-STING axis and cytokine levels in cells, cellular activity and death were evaluated. Moreover, after the administration of deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I, the reoxygenated endothelial cells were also examined for cellular function and inflammatory factor expression. Finally, we administered an agonist of STING and an inhibitor of cathepsin B to the normal endothelium and investigated pyroptosis and pyroptotic proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 24 h of reperfusion, the expression of cGAS-STING-TBK1-IRF3 and pyroptotic proteins was significantly increased, and inhibitors of cGAS or STING ameliorated lung injury and reduced pyroptotic protein levels. In vitro, the inhibition of cGAS and STING reduced the activation of TBK and IRF3 and reduced cellular injury and death. The activation of cGAS-STING and cellular inflammation were suppressed by DNase I. Cathepsin B and NLRP3 were upregulated by an agonist of STING, and an inhibitor of cathepsin B reduced NLRP3 levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>cGAS-STING participated in LIRI by promoting endothelial cell pyroptosis via cathepsin B.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"230 1","pages":"Article 152865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STING modulates HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure by mediating autophagy and macrophage polarization","authors":"Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Teng Liang ,&nbsp;Wanlu Duan ,&nbsp;Futing Liu ,&nbsp;LiPing Li ,&nbsp;Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Jianfei Li ,&nbsp;Qiyin Zong ,&nbsp;Lei Jin ,&nbsp;Qin Wang ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is a severe acute liver injury secondary to HBV-related chronic liver disease (with or without cirrhosis) and is characterized by a high short-term mortality rate. Presently, there is a paucity of experimental models that specifically focus on HBV-ACLF based on chronic hepatitis B. Therefore, this study aimed to establish an experimental mouse model of HBV-ACLF using chronic hepatitis B (CHB) as a basis and investigate the impact of STING activation on the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To simulate HBV-ACLF conditions, a model was constructed by combining chronic HBV replication (caudal vein high-pressure hydrodynamic injection of pAAV/HBV1.2 plasmid) and acute hepatic insult (intraperitoneal injection of Acetaminophen (APAP)). Then, model mice were administered either a STING agonist or STING inhibitor. Liver injury, STING pathway, autophagy flux, and macrophage polarization were assessed to elucidate the potential role of STING.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mouse model developed chronic hepatitis B and acute liver injury, partially reflecting features of clinical HBV-ACLF based on CHB. STING activation, autophagy, and macrophage polarization were found to be involved in the disease process. During the early stage (6 h) of the STING agonist treatment group, the STING pathway was activated, autophagy flux was up-regulated, and liver inflammation and injury were alleviated. Contrastingly, at the late stage of STING agonist treatment (24 h, 48 h), macrophages were polarized to the M1 phenotype, exacerbating liver inflammatory infiltration and injury. However, treatment with a STING covalent inhibitor reversed these effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Sting-induced autophagy exerts a protective effect on liver injury during the early stage. However, in later stages, STING may aggravate liver injury by shifting liver macrophage polarization to the M1 phenotype, thereby enhancing the inflammatory response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"230 1","pages":"Article 152860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Downregulating LKB1 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could inhibit CD4+ T cell proliferation via the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway","authors":"Yaqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingyi Ren ,&nbsp;Zhongxian Liao,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Li,&nbsp;Chunying Zhang,&nbsp;Bihan Huang,&nbsp;Yingping Cao,&nbsp;Jiadi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Our previous research has shown that LKB1 in amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) serves as a vital regulator of regulatory T cell differentiation and T cell proliferation, which may have a similar role in bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs). Therefore, we investigated the role of LKB1 in BMMSCs for regulating CD4⁺ T cell proliferation in the bone micro-environment of AML.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>RT-PCR was used to assessed LKB1 expression in BMMSCs derived from AML patients and healthy controls. Subsequently, LKB1 was knocked down in the BMMSCs line HS-5 (HS-5-LKB1^KD). Co-cultures in vitro were established to analyze the effect of HS-5-LKB1^KD on CD4⁺ T cell. Flow cytometry was employed to measure PD-L1 and CD4⁺ T cell proliferation levels. Western blot was utilized to detect related proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expression of <em>LKB1</em> in BMMSCs derived from AML patients was decreased. Knockdown of <em>LKB1</em> in HS-5 resulted in upregulation of PD-L1 expression. Co-culture of peripheral blood CD4⁺ T cell with HS-5-LKB1^KD exhibited reduced CD4⁺ T cell proliferation compared to co-culture with HS-5-LKB1^con. Furthermore, blocking PD-L1 in the co-culture conditions could restore the reduced CD4⁺ T cell proliferation. Additionally, it was found that upregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway-related proteins following <em>LKB1</em> knockdown in HS-5, indicating that downregulating LKB1 could promote PD-L1 expression through activation of the Wnt signaling pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The decreased expression of LKB1 in BMMSCs may activate the Wnt signaling pathway, leading to increased PD-L1 expression. This inhibited CD4⁺ T cell proliferation, which might lead to impaired anti-tumor immunity in AML patients and promote AML progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"229 6","pages":"Article 152856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pan-cancer analysis of ADAR1 with its prognostic relevance in low-grade glioma","authors":"Qin Yang ,&nbsp;Xin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ADAR1, known as the primary enzyme for adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing, has recently been implicated in cancer development through both RNA editing-dependent and −independent pathways. These discoveries suggest that ADAR1′s functions may extend beyond our current understanding. A pan-cancer analysis offers a unique opportunity to identify both common and distinct mechanisms across various cancers, thereby advancing personalized medicine. Low-grade glioma (LGG), characterized by a diverse group of tumor cells, presents a challenge in risk stratification, leading to significant variations in treatment approaches. Recently discovered molecular alterations in LGG have helped to refine the stratification of of these tumors and offered novel targets for predicting likely outcomes. This study aims to provide a detailed analysis of ADAR mRNA across multiple cancers, emphasizing its prognostic significance in LGG. We observed inconsistent mRNA and consistent protein expression patterns of ADAR1/ADAR in pan-cancer analyses that across tumor types. ADAR mRNA expression did not always correlate with ADAR1 protein expression. Nevertheless, the transcript levels correlated significantly with genetic alterations, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, overall survival, recurrence-free survival, immune marker presence, immune infiltration, and the survival of patients undergoing immunotherapy in select cancers. Furthermore, ADAR and its top 50 associated genes were primarily involved in mRNA-related events, as identified through Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. Utilizing the Cox proportional hazards model, we developed a 3-gene signature (ADAR, HNRNPK, and SMG7), which effectively stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups, with high-risk patients exhibiting poorer overall survival, higher tumor grades, and a greater number of non-codeletions. Overall, this signature was inversely related to immune infiltration across cancers. Transcription factor SPI1 and miR-206, potential upstream regulators of the signature genes, were closely linked to patient survival in LGG. The promoter regions of these genes were hypermethylated, further associating them with patient outcomes. Additionally, these genes displayed consistent drug susceptibility patterns. In conclusion, our findings reveal multiple aspects of ADAR1′s role in cancer and underscore its prognostic value in LGG, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets and strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"229 6","pages":"Article 152855"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of urine and serum IgG detection ELISA for tegumentary leishmaniasis diagnosis and prognosis","authors":"Raquel S.B. Câmara ,&nbsp;Isabela A.G. Pereira ,&nbsp;Daniela P. Lage ,&nbsp;Danniele L. Vale ,&nbsp;Fernanda Ludolf ,&nbsp;Nathália C. Galvani ,&nbsp;Camila S. Freitas ,&nbsp;João A. Oliveira-da-Silva ,&nbsp;Bárbara P.N. Assis ,&nbsp;Ana T. Chaves ,&nbsp;Mário S. Giusta ,&nbsp;Grasiele S.V. Tavares ,&nbsp;César N. Pereira ,&nbsp;Alexsandro S. Galdino ,&nbsp;Unaí Tupinambás ,&nbsp;Miguel A. Chávez-Fumagalli ,&nbsp;Vanessa P.M. Pascoal ,&nbsp;Marcela T.C. Eller ,&nbsp;Manoel O. da Costa Rocha ,&nbsp;Myron Christodoulides ,&nbsp;Eduardo A.F. Coelho","doi":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laboratorial diagnosis of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) is hampered by variable sensitivity and/or specificity of the tests, which are still hampered by blood́ invasive collection. In this context, in the present study, we develop a serum- and urine-based ELISA to TL diagnoses. A recombinant protein (rLiHyA), which was previously showed to be antigenic for the disease, as well as a B-cell epitope produced as synthetic peptide and a <em>Leishmania</em> antigenic extract (SLA), were used as antigens. A total of paired 205 urine and serum samples were used, which were comprised by samples from cutaneous (n = 30) and mucosal (n = 30) leishmaniasis patients, as well as from healthy individuals living in endemic region of disease (n = 45), of patients with Chagas disease (n = 30), leprosy (n = 35), malaria (n = 15) or HIV-infected (n = 20). Results showed that serum-based ELISA presented sensitivity of 24.0 %, 100 % and 41.0 %, when SLA, rLiHyA and synthetic peptide were used as antigens, and specificity of 98.4 %, 98.4 % and 98.4 %, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated and results were 0.74, 1.0, and 0.71, respectively, when SLA, rLiHyA and synthetic peptide were used as antigens. Performing an urine-based ELISA, sensitivity was 28.0 %, 100 % and 75.0 %, respectively, when SLA, rLiHyA, and synthetic peptide were used, while specificity values were of 98.4 %, 98.4 % and 98.4 %, respectively. In addition, the AUC values were 0.82, 1.0, and 0.94, respectively. A significant drop in specific antibodies levels in both patientś serum and urine samples was found six months after treatment, suggesting a prognostic role of rLiHyA for TL. In conclusion, preliminary data suggest the potential of use patient urine to TL diagnoses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13270,"journal":{"name":"Immunobiology","volume":"229 6","pages":"Article 152853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0171298524000718/pdfft?md5=c74d279d2152e029a1c8ed1b4745a0fc&pid=1-s2.0-S0171298524000718-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}