Sudan journal of medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Substance Abuse and Its Association with Adherence to ART Drugs Among HIV-positive Pregnant Women at Selected Hospitals of East Ethiopia","authors":"Teshome Sosengo, Eyassu Mathewos","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i4.14726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i4.14726","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Substance abuse among Human Immune Deficiency Virus-positive patients causes depression, carelessness, and anxiety, which in common results in a decrease in adherence to antiretroviral treatment. The purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence of substance abuse and its association with adherence to ART drugs. Methods: The current study was conducted at three hospitals (Hiwot Fana Comprehensive University Hospital, Dillchora Hospital, and Jugal Hospital) located in East Ethiopia. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association of independent variables with the dependent variables. Results: In this study, 119 HIV-positive pregnant patients were included. While 74.8% of the patients were adherent to their medication, the remaining 25.2% were nonadherent. The major reasons for nonadherence to ART medications prescribed were getting better (73.3%) and finishing medication (16.7%). Moreover, 96 (80.7%) respondents abused alcohol while 36 (30.3%) and 75 (35.6%) abused opioids and cigarette smoking, respectively. Mothers who abused alcohol were 38.1 times more likely to be nonadherent to ART medications for PMTCT [AOR = 38.1% CI: 21.47–56.54] compared to their counterparts. Additionally, mothers who abuse opioids were 19 times more likely to be nonadherent to ART treatment medication [AOR = 19, 95% CI: 2.46– 19.46] than their counterparts. Furthermore, mothers who smoked cigarettes were 43.1 more likely to be nonadherent [AOR = 43.19, 95% CI: 8.42–187.84] than nonsmokers. Unemployment was also found to be associated with nonadherence to ART medication to PMTCT of HIV [AOR = 5.4, 95% CI: 2.8–5.7]. Smoking of marijuana/cannabis/hashish was not significantly associated with nonadherence to ART [AOR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.084–0.355]. Conclusion: Abuse of alcohol, cigarette smoking, abuse of opioids, and joblessness were found to be significantly associated with nonadherence to ART medications prescribed to PMCT of HIV. Wheareas, smoking of marijuana/cannabis/hashish was not significantly associated with nonadherence to ART medications.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"66 s259","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing Accreditation Standards in Academic Medical Programs is Necessary to Trust Higher Education: The Experience of Two Academic Programs at Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdelmarouf Hassan Mohieldein","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i4.14729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i4.14729","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Quality assurance (QA) is becoming more critical in higher education (HE) worldwide. Quality in HE can be managed by QA, quality improvement, and quality control. This systematic review demonstrates the benefits of QA and academic accreditation in HE by examining the National Commission for Academic Accreditation and Assessment (NCAAA) accreditation standards and two accredited academic programs at Qassim University (QU) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO) e-library was used to collect and retrieve literature from December 2022 to January 2023. Only English-language full-text papers were reviewed and cited. Results: To assure medical education quality and encourage healthcare workforce confidence, medical educational institutions must be overseen by a QA system, such as a formal accreditation system. The World Federation of Medical Education set “Trilogy” global standards for quality improvement in medical education. The ambitious “Vision 2030” of KSA invests a large percentage of its Gross Domestic Product in education to address the significant challenges of educational quality management. The sole statutory organization in KSA that evaluates and accredits all public and private HE institutions and programs is the National Commission for Academic Accreditation and Assessment (NCAAA). The NCAAA’s accreditation standards are generally acknowledged as good practice in HE worldwide and have been adapted to KSA higher education’s special circumstances. NCAAA has recently granted accreditation to two academic programs offered by the College of Applied Medical Sciences, QU. Conclusion: Accreditation promotes “added value” under the win-win-win “WWW” paradigm, where stakeholders win first, then the program, and finally the community.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":" 117","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsy Classification (ILAE Classification 2017) in Resource-limited Countries: A Cross-sectional Study on Epilepsy in Pediatric Patients from Sudan","authors":"Hajatmena Alkhedir, A. MohamedSharif, Isra Bdraldein Salih Mohammed, Inaam Mohamed","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i4.14735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i4.14735","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The objective of this study is to utilize the ILAE 2017 to classify epilepsy patients and determine its applicability in Sudan. Methods: This study is a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional research conducted in two pediatric epilepsy clinics in Khartoum State, Sudan. Results: In this cross-sectional study, 350 pediatric patients with epilepsy were included, with a mean age of 8.4 ± 4.7 years and a mean illness duration of 4.71 ± 3.91 years. The ILAE classification was applied, showing that 71.11% of patients had generalized onset seizures, 27.7% had focal onset seizures, and only 1.1% had unknown onset seizures. Among patients with focal onset seizures, 56.4% had intact awareness, while 43.6% had impaired levels of awareness. The majority of patients who had generalized onset seizures experienced motor onset seizures, with tonic-clonic seizures being the most common (44.2%). Nearly all patients with unknown onset seizures experienced tonic-clonic convulsions. These findings provide insights into the prevalence and types of seizures among pediatric epilepsy patients in Sudan and can guide clinicians in developing appropriate treatment plans. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of utilizing the latest ILAE classification 2017 in epilepsy classification and its potential utilization in resource-limited areas like Sudan.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of Patients Attending Omdurman Teaching Hospital VCT Center, Sudan toward HIV/AIDS Voluntary Counseling and Testing Services","authors":"Maha Hamed Mohamed Ali, Osman Babiker Osman, Adam Dawria, Amna Hamid Imam Babeker, Hussein Ahmed Abdalla Yahya, Mohammed A Shanawaz, Nahid Elfaki, Salma Mohammed Gomaa Doalbet, Waled A M Ahmed","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13600","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the availability of HIV/AIDS voluntary counselling and testing services in Omdurman Teaching Hospital, the level of uptake remains low, and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Sudan is still high. This situation suggests that there may be some underlying factors, such as patients’ attitudes toward the services provided, that are affecting their willingness to access them. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the attitude of patients attending HIV/AIDS voluntary counselling and testing services in Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Sudan. \u0000Methods: A descriptive hospital-based study was conducted at Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Sudan. All patients attending HIV/AIDs counseling and voluntary services center were invited to participate in this study, and of the 200 invited, 150 patients participated with a response rate of 75%. Data were collected using a structured interview questionnaire and then analyzed by SPSS (version 23). \u0000Results: The findings revealed that many patients (92%) have a positive attitude toward HIV voluntary counselling and testing and believed that the shared information is informative and influential. It was also observed that 80% of the patients who received counselling had lower levels of social and psychological stress and stigma. \u0000Conclusion: The study highlighted the positive attitude of patients to utilize HIV/AIDS voluntary counselling and testing services which reduces the social and psychological stresses and stigma among HIV patients. Females and Muslim patients had a positive attitude.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114562149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change As a Significant Factor to the Aggravation of Coronary Artery Disease Among Elderly: A Basis for Emphasizing Community-based Self-care Measures","authors":"E. M. Gumabay, Karen Mae Alcantara, Jaylord Ugaddan, Dexter Centeno","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13599","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research study explored the lived experience of the elderly with coronary artery disease (CAD) relevant to the effects of climate change as a basis for enhanced and strengthened community-based self-care measures. \u0000Methods: A descriptive phenomenological design was employed in the study. Consented face-to-face interview sessions with audio recordings were conducted to gather rich information. The data collected from 28 participants were analyzed using the modified Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method. \u0000Results: Three themes emerged upon a thorough analysis of the results: (1) elucidating the elderly’s perception of climate change; (2) unveiling the effects of climate change on CAD; and (3) managing health-related behaviors in a changing environment. Evidence has revealed that climate change causes and aggravates this disease. CAD manifestations worsen when an elderly person is exposed to sudden changes in weather conditions, where various signs and symptoms are evident. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, elderly clients have an awareness of the concept of climate change and its physiologic effects on CAD; hence, employment of practical self-care measures and practices in managing manifestations, significantly helps them adapt and cope with the adverse effects climate change brings.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121206630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Incisional Hernia Repair on the Quality of Life: A Narrative Review","authors":"Mara Ioana Pătrașcu, D. Ion, A. Bolocan, D. Păduraru, O. Andronic","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13607","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Incisional hernias represent a common complication following a midline incision, generating impairment, lower quality of life, and social costs. The aim of this narrative review is to determine in which manner risk factors – such as age, gender, postoperative complications, and even the overall health system – impact the satisfaction and expectations of the patients. \u0000Methods: A literature search was performed through PubMed, Web of Science, and SpringerLink, addressing both international and national articles. Only full-text articles published in the last 12 years were chosen. Each individual positive or negative factor was then targeted. \u0000Results: Statistically, the majority of patients were satisfied with the outcomes of the reparative surgery. Even so, complications can still occur, which are more likely to appear in the early postoperative stages. In most of these cases, the patients complained of strenuous movement, chronic pain, or recurrence, leaving the option of another surgical repair up to the patient’s wishes. On the one hand it seems that robotic-assisted surgery (RAS), absorbable sutures, suture fixation without tacks, and the male gender were associated with a better quality of life and less recurrence or other complications. On the other hand, lack of communication between patients and health personnel, chronic health diseases, and the female gender were linked to a tendency of developing more complications and therefore, a lower quality of life. \u0000Conclusion: Statistically, in most of the cases, the patients were satisfied with the results. While it is safe to say that an incisional hernia repair increases the quality of life, there is still a small, but significant percentage of people that do not benefit from it as much as they expected. More awareness should be raised and the communication between patients and health personnel improved.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133626230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Medical Microbiology Curriculum Integration in the Integrated Modular System of Education At Medical Schools in Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Khan, M. Poyil","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13606","url":null,"abstract":"Medical or clinical microbiology has its importance in the curriculum of undergraduate degree programs of all medical colleges of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This review describes the preclinical medical microbiology teaching at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University as a hybrid module, it is integrated into blocks or system-based courses. Various teaching and practical approaches were discussed and elaborated. Several challenges and potential suggestions were also emphasized for innovation in an integrated system of teaching.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117210513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Practice of Glucose Self-Monitoring Devices among Patients with Diabetes","authors":"S. Mohamed, Mutasim Mukhtar, Khalid Aseed, Duaa Osman, Mujtaba Dawelbait, Ahmed Saeed, Nasma Ahmed, Nihal Fadul, Rogia Idriss","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13598","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With blood glucose self-monitoring, patients may assess how well their glucose level is controlled, and change their treatment plan as advised by their physicians. The development and increasing availability of different devices that are readily accessible play a significant role in glycemic control and prevention of complications through early recognition with proper practice. \u0000Methods: This observational cross-sectional study includes patients with diabetes attending Khartoum North Diabetes and Endocrinology Hospital and was carried out in April–July 2021 using convenient sampling via questionnaires obtained and filled by data collectors through interviews. Data analysis was done using SPSS software. \u0000Results: Out of 125 patients, 82 had prior basic knowledge about glucose self-monitoring devices. Twenty-four patients were using it regularly, and only seven were using it daily. Fifty-one patients had never used any device before. Fifty-five patients owned a device, and the rest borrowed or used devices available at healthcare centers or clinics, pharmacies, relatives’ or neighbors’ devices. Factors hindering the use of devices included financial difficulties and lack of education. Most frequent users had a stable occupation. Just below half of the patients using devices had good practice techniques with significant association with higher level of education. The rest had poor practice technique that was associated with lower level of education. \u0000Conclusion: Utilization of glucose self-monitoring devices is prevalent among patients with diabetes. However, many challenges require attention to facilitate ongoing self-use with proper practice in line with education and access.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121749868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Sudanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Hisham Mohammed Abdelrahim, Abdelhaleem Mustafa Madani, Tarig Mohammed El-Hadiyah","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13605","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Individuals with type 2 diabetes who have optimum condition management are exposed to a significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to those who do not have diabetes. People with diabetes are estimated to have a fourfold greater risk of developing CVD than people without diabetes. CVD risk factors other than diabetes include older age, obesity hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, and a family history of coronary or kidney diseases. \u0000Objectives: The study aims to assess the cardiovascular risk factors among type2 diabetes at Ribat Hospital Diabetes Clinic, Sudan. \u0000Methods: T2 DM patients were evaluated for the presence of CVD risk factors by using data collecting form to extract data verbally and from patients’ files. \u0000Results: Out of 147 T2 DM files, 92 (61.7 %) were female, 57 (38.3 %) were male, and 58 (38.9 %) patients were ≥ 60 year old. Patients who had poor glycemic control were 112 (75.2 %) and those who met the glycemic target were only 37 (24.8 %). Older age (P = 0.01) and diabetes duration (P = 0.026) were associated with poor glycemic control. Prevalence of hypertension was 61 (40.9 %), dyslipidemia 31 (20.8 %), and physical inactivity 112 (75.2 %). All patients had at least one CVD risk factor and those having all three risk factors were 48 (32.2 %). \u0000Conclusion: All T2 DM diabetic patients in RHDC had at least one CVD risk factor and almost a third of them had all three risk factors. Poor glycemic control, physical inactivity, hypertension, and age ≥ 60 had a higher prevalence of CVD risk factors.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123326449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurring Outbreaks of Lassa Fever in Nigeria: Understanding the Root Causes and Strategies for the Future","authors":"B. Gulumbe, U. Aminu, Usman U. Liman, Abdulrakib Abdulrahim, Zaharaddin M. Kalgo","doi":"10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v18i2.13608","url":null,"abstract":"Lassa fever is a severe public health problem in Nigeria with far-reaching political, social, cultural, and religious ramifications. Thus, a further understanding of the disease is critical. Despite attempts to end the viral epidemic, the illness has persisted, leading to several major outbreaks in decades. Additionally, the country’s epidemic in 2019– 2020 set a new global record for the number of Lassa fever cases. This year, 244 cases and 37 deaths had been reported as of January 2023. To identify gaps and provide recommendations for the complete eradication of Lassa fever in the country. This paper investigates the underlying causes of the continuous outbreaks of the illness in Nigeria and the measures to prevent it. The frequent outbreaks of Lassa fever in Nigeria have been linked to several factors, including inadequate waste management, poor sanitation, restricted access to healthcare, and abject poverty. The reoccurring outbreaks are also attributed to a lack of political will, funding, poor coordination and communication, and low public awareness of the illness and its prevention. To effectively stop outbreaks of Lassa fever in Nigeria, the government and partners must continuously put into practice tried-and-true prevention measures such as improved surveillance to detect outbreaks earlier, increased funding and resources to support effective control measures, better primary healthcare facilities and training for healthcare professionals, heightened community engagement and education to raise awareness, and more effective vector control methods to reduce rodent populations, while looking for innovative approaches and dealing with the underlying social and economic problems contributing to the viral persistence.","PeriodicalId":132580,"journal":{"name":"Sudan journal of medical sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115551179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}