Horticulture Research最新文献

{"title":"Phenotypic dynamics and temporal heritability of tomato architectural traits using an unmanned ground vehicle-based plant phenotyping system","authors":"Pengyao Xie, Xin Yang, Leisen Fang, Tonglin Wang, Jirong Zheng, Yu Jiang, Haiyan Cen","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf109","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale manual measurements of plant architectural traits in tomato growth are laborious and subjective, hindering deeper understanding of temporal variations in gene expression heterogeneity. This study develops a high-throughput approach for characterizing tomato architectural traits at different growth stages and mapping temporal broad-sense heritability using an unmanned ground vehicle-based plant phenotyping system. The SegFormer with fusion of multispectral and depth imaging modalities was employed to semantically segment plant organs from the registered RGB-D and multispectral images. Organ point clouds were then generated and clustered into instances. Finally, six key architectural traits, including fruit spacing (FS), inflorescence height (IH), stem thickness (ST), leaf spacing (LS), total leaf area (TLA), and leaf inclination angle (LIA) were extracted and the temporal broad-sense heritability folds were plotted. The RMSEs of the estimated FS, IH, ST and LS were 0.014 m, 0.043 m, 0.003 m and 0.015 m. The visualizations of the estimated TLA and LIA matched the actual growth trends. The broad-sense heritability of the extracted traits exhibited different trends across the growth stages: i) ST, IH, and FS had a gradually increased broad sense heritability over time, ii) LS and LIA had a decreasing trend, and iii) TLA showed fluctuations (i.e., an M-shaped pattern) of the broad sense heritability throughout the growth period. The developed system and analytical approach are promising tools for accurate and rapid characterization of spatiotemporal changes of tomato plant architecture in controlled environments, laying the foundation for efficient crop breeding and precision production management in the future.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two DNA-binding One Zinc Finger (DOF) transcription factors MdCDOF3 and MdDOF3.6 accelerate leaf senescence by activating cytokinin oxidase MdCKX7 in response to sorbitol signaling in apple","authors":"Wang-Jiang Zhang, Chang-Ning Ma, Lian-Da Du, Ying Xiang, Fan Xiao, Ya-Ting Liu, Chu-Kun Wang, Wan-Kun Li, Ting-Ting Zhao, Da-Gang Hu","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf120","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf senescence, an essential component of the plant life cycle, seriously affects the productivity of numerous commercial crops, with cytokinins serving as crucial regulators in delaying this process. Here, we observed that apple (Malus domestica) leaves exhibiting deficiencies in sorbitol synthesis due to antisense inhibition of ALOSE-6PHOSPHATE REDUCTASE (A6PR) presented an increase in cytokinin content and exhibited a delay in leaf senescence, in contrast to wild-type (WT) leaves. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the expression of cytokinin oxidase 7 (MdCKX7), encoding a key enzyme in the cytokinin degradation pathway, was significantly downregulated in the A6PR antisense lines. Functional verification confirmed that MdCKX7 facilitated the degradation of cytokinin and accelerated leaf senescence. Moreover, this leaf senescence phenotype was exacerbated by the co-expression of two DNA-binding One Zinc Finger (DOF) transcription factors, cycling DOF factor 3 (MdCDOF3) and MdDOF3.6, along with MdCKX7. Further biochemical and phenotypic analyses demonstrated that MdCDOF3 and MdDOF3.6 bind directly to the promoter region of MdCKX7, thereby transcriptionally activating its expression. Intriguingly, the expression of MdCDOF3, MdDOF3.6 and MdCKX7 is cooperatively induced by sorbitol. These findings demonstrate that the MdCDOF3/MdDOF3.6-MdCKX7 regulatory module orchestrates leaf senescence by facilitating cytokinin degradation in response to sorbitol signaling, revealing a mechanism by which sorbitol signaling modulates leaf senescence specifically through MdCKX7-mediated cytokinin degradation in apple plants.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the mother flower carnation: past, present and future","authors":"Min Wang, Zhengkang Pi, Zekang Pan, Xilin Li, Linlin Zhong, Yunjiang Cheng, Manzhu Bao, Fan Zhang","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf118","url":null,"abstract":"Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is an important global flower crop, with great ornamental and economic value. It has more than 2000 years of cultivation history and profound cultural heritage, known as mother flower. Now, although carnation is deeply loved by the majority of consumers because of its rich color and various varieties, the original carnation unique clove flavor has disappeared. Furthermore, our understanding of carnation traits such as flower shape, flower color, flower fragrance, disease resistance, and vase life remains limited. Previous reviews have primarily concentrated on individual aspects of carnation, failing to present a comprehensive overview. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of carnation in these aspects, so as to provide a reference for the future research direction in carnation.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-quality Lindera megaphylla genome analysis provides insights into genome evolution and allows for the exploration of genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis","authors":"Hongli Liu, Jing Liu, Yun Bai, Xinran Zhang, Qingzheng Jiao, Peng Chen, Ruimin Li, Yan Li, Wenbin Xu, Yanhong Fu, Jiuxing Lu, Xiaoming Song, Yonghua Li","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf116","url":null,"abstract":"Lindera megaphylla, a Lauraceae species, is valued for timber, horticulture, and traditional medicine. Here, a high-quality genome of L. megaphylla was obtained at the chromosome level. A total of 96.77% of genomic sequences were mapped onto 12 chromosomes, with a total length of 1,309.2 megabase (Mb) and an N50 scaffold of 107.75 Mb. Approximately 75.91% of genome consists of repetitive sequences, and 7,004 ncRNAs were predicted. We identified 29,482 genes, and 28,657 genes were annotated. Gene family analysis showed expanded gene families were mainly involved in energy metabolism and cellular growth, while contracted ones were associated with carbohydrate metabolism and signal transduction. Our analysis revealed that L. megaphylla has undergone two rounds of whole-genome duplication (WGD). Our results revealed that volatile compounds in L. megaphylla leaves inhibited the growth of several fungi and bacteria. Fifty-two terpene synthase (TPS) genes were identified and classified into six subfamilies, with significant expansion observed in the TPS-b, TPS-f, and TPS-g subfamilies in L. megaphylla. Transcriptomic and metabolomic co-analysis revealed that 43 DEGs were correlated with 117 terpenoids. Further analysis revealed that LmTPS1 was significantly correlated with caryophyllene oxide content. The overexpression of LmTPS1 in transgenic tomato lines significantly increased the contents of β-Caryophyllene and humulene, which further improved the resistance of transgenic tomato plants to common fungal and bacterial diseases. The integrated analysis of genome, metabolome, and transcriptome provides comprehensive insights into the evolution of L. megaphylla and clarifies the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of caryophyllene against biotic stress.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking the structure of vascular bundles and mineral element deposition reveals the hub role of nodes in bamboo","authors":"Xianyu Pan, Ji Feng Shao","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf113","url":null,"abstract":"Nodes are a distinct feature of bamboo plants, categorized into three main types: culm, shoot, and rhizome nodes. However, the latter two are often overlooked due to their underground growth, resulting in a limited understanding of their structure and function. In this study, we examined the structure and mineral elements deposition in the nodes of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Our findings indicate that all three node types possess a complex yet well-organized vascular bundle system, with notable differences. Culm nodes feature enlarged vascular bundles with distinct xylem and phloem regions, whereas shoot and rhizome nodes have less-developed phloem regions. The rhizome node contains a vascular structure of crown root and coronary shoot bud, which is absent in culm and shoot nodes. In culm node, iron accumulation decreases gradually from the bottom to the top, primarily localizing in cells near the enlarged and small vascular bundles. Zinc is deposited in both the enlarged and small vascular bundles in the lower part of the node. In contrast, calcium accumulates predominantly in the upper part, particularly in cells adjacent to enlarged and small vascular bundles including diffuse and parenchyma cells. Potassium is distributed throughout most cells but is less abundant in the pith cavity and xylem transfer cells. In shoot and rhizome nodes, iron, zinc, calcium, and potassium exhibit specific regional and cellular deposition patterns. Overall, the vascular structure and mineral element deposition patterns suggest that bamboo nodes function not only as tissue junctions but also as critical hubs for mineral element deposition and distribution.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AcABI5a integrates abscisic acid signaling to developmentally modulate fruit ascorbic acid biosynthesis in kiwifruit","authors":"Xiaoying Liu, Yachen Li, Xianzhi Zhang, Xiaodong Xie, Abu Naim Md Muzahid, Jing Tu, Lansha Luo, Gudeta Chalchisa, Haiyan Lv, Hua Tian, Sean M Bulley, Dawei Li, Caihong Zhong","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf111","url":null,"abstract":"Consumers value highly the nutritional content and flavor of fresh fruits, which are influenced by endogenous plant hormones. However, the molecular mechanisms governing the hormonal regulation of essential nutrients such as ascorbic acid (AsA) in fruit are still unclear. This study investigates the regulation of AsA synthesis in kiwifruit by the transcription factor AcABI5a, which is involved in mediating the abscisic acid (ABA) signal. A negative correlation between AcABI5a expression and AsA levels across different developmental stages of kiwifruit was observed. Furthermore, AcABI5a was found to bind both the AcMYBS1 promoter, repressing its transcriptional activity, and its own promoter, fostering expression and maintaining active repression of AcMYBS1. AcMYBS1 activates the expression of AcGGP3, which encodes an enzymatic step in AsA biosynthesis that is highly regulated both transcriptionally and translationally. In-depth interaction studies utilizing yeast two-hybrid (Y2H), bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), firefly luciferase complementation (NC-LUC), and pull-down assays unveiled that AcABI5a also physically interacts with AcMYBS1, further impeding its activation of AcGGP3. Results from knock-out by gene editing and overexpression of AcABI5a support the role of AcABI5a in mediating the ABA inhibitory effect on AsA synthesis by repressing the expression of AcMYBS1 and thus AcGGP3. Overall, our findings highlight AcABI5a’s negative regulatory role in AsA synthesis by integrating ABA signaling during fruit development, providing new insights into the regulation of AsA synthesis by phytohormones.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The circadian clock module LgPRR7-LgFKF1 negatively regulates flowering time in Luculia gratissima, a woody ornamental plant","authors":"Xiongfang Liu, Youming Wan, Jihua Wang, Fu Gao, Zihuan Wu, Zhenghong Li, Yao Zhang, Yongpeng Ma, Hong Ma","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf110","url":null,"abstract":"Photoperiod-dependent flowering is a critical trait in breeding for flowering time in woody ornamental plants. Circadian clocks are vital for the regulation of photoperiodic flowering in plants, but their molecular regulation pathways in woody perennials remain poorly explored. Here, we identified two circadian clock components LgPSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 7 (LgPRR7) and LgFLAVIN-BINDING KELCH REPEAT F-BOX 1 (LgFKF1) as key repressors of flowering in Luculia gratissima, a short-day woody ornamental plant with commercial potential. Levels of LgPRR7 and LgFKF1 transcripts exhibited photoperiodic responses and diurnal patterns. Ectopic overexpression of LgPRR7 or LgFKF1 in Arabidopsis thaliana accelerated flowering, whereas silencing LgPRR7 or LgFKF1 in L. gratissima accelerated flowering. Crucially, LgPRR7 directly interacts with LgFKF1, forming a self-reinforcing regulatory module LgPRR7-LgFKF1 to repress flowering in L. gratissima. Furthermore, the observed physical interactions among LgFKF1, LgCONSTANS-LIKE 12 (LgCOL12), and LgREPRESSOR OF ga1-3-LIKE 2 (LgRGL2) implied that they possibly formed a protein complex LgFKF1-LgCOL12-LgRGL2, bridging the circadian clock, photoperiod, and gibberellin signaling pathways to suppress downstream floral integrators. Intriguingly, silencing LgPRR7 and LgFKF1 extended the duration of L. gratissima flowering, a trait of horticultural significance. These results suggest the integration of multi-layered environmental and endogenous signals in the regulation of flowering time. The LgPRR7-LgFKF1 module provides novel targets for molecular improvement to manipulate flowering time and duration in L. gratissima and other economically valuable woody ornamental plants. Our results also support the mediation of flowering convergence in short-day plants through the action of circadian clock genes.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of GWAS and transcriptome approaches for the identification of nitrogen-, phosphorus-, and potassium-responsive genes in tomato","authors":"Mannan Zhang, Huaiqian Tang, Qin Xu, Zhihao Xiao, Chengxuan Zhou, Yuxiao Qian, Ruyue Gong, Huating Zhao, Jiaying Wang, Zijing Xing, Taotao Wang, Bo Ouyang, Yuyang Zhang, Junhong Zhang, Zhibiao Ye, Jie Ye","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf112","url":null,"abstract":"Plant growth is inseparable from the presence of mineral nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but the mechanism by which horticultural plants such as tomatoes respond to mineral elements is poorly understood. Here, we collected 28 phenotypic datasets, including 5 agronomic traits and 4 pigment accumulation traits, under full nutrition and nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium deficiency conditions, most of which showed abundant variation. Phenotyping analysis suggested that the yellowing of leaves under low-nitrogen treatment was caused by an increase in the carotenoid content and a decrease in the chlorophyll b content. A genome-wide association study identified a total of 138 suggestive loci (including 23 significant loci) corresponding to 116 loci, including many reported and new candidate genes related to mineral element response and absorption. Transcriptome analysis of tomato seedlings under full nutrient and N/P/K deficiency conditions revealed 1,108 and 1,507 common differentially expressed genes in above-ground and below-ground tissues, respectively, with 103 overlapping genes. GO term enrichment analysis revealed that tomato plants resist low nutrient stress by increasing photosynthesis in the above-ground parts and ion transport capacity in the below-ground parts. Through the combined analysis of GWAS and RNA-Seq, we identified 28 mineral element response genes with high confidence, corresponding to 17 loci, which may be closely related to the response and utilization of N, P, and K in tomato. Two candidate genes, auxin-repressed protein (Solyc02g077880), which responds to carotenoid and chlorophyll b accumulation, and guanine nucleotide exchange factor-like protein (Solyc04g005560), which responds to low-phosphorus conditions, were further validated via haplotype analysis. This study provides new insights into the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium response mechanisms of tomato and offers valuable genetic resources for future improvements in tomato breeding.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary diversification of acyl-CoA synthetases underpins hydrophobic barrier formation across diverse tomato tissues and beyond","authors":"Jianfeng Jin, Qiyu He, Xiangyi Feng, Jianjing Wang, Tao Lyu, Jinheng Pan, Jiarong Chen, Shan Feng, Xing-xing Shen, Jingquan Yu, Robert L Last, Pengxiang Fan","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf114","url":null,"abstract":"The transition of plants from aquatic to terrestrial environments required effective barriers against water loss and UV damage. The plant cuticle, a hydrophobic barrier covering aerial surfaces, emerged as a critical innovation, yet how its biosynthesis is regulated in specialized structures remains poorly understood. This study identifies two long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases, SlLACS1 and SlLACS2, that exhibit both distinct and overlapping functions in cuticle formation across tomato tissues. These genes show striking specificity in different trichome types: SlLACS1 functions in type I/IV trichomes, while SlLACS2 is required for type VI trichome cuticle integrity. However, they act redundantly in leaf epidermal and fruit cuticle formation, as revealed by analysis of single and double mutants. Unexpectedly, simultaneous disruption of both genes severely compromises pollen viability through defective pollen coat formation. Biochemical characterization demonstrates that SlLACS1 and SlLACS2 maintain their ancestral enzymatic function of activating long-chain fatty acids, an activity conserved from algal LACS homologs. These findings reveal how gene duplication and diversification facilitated the development of specialized hydrophobic barrier functions in distinct tissues while maintaining redundancy in fundamental protective structures, representing a sophisticated adaptation to terrestrial life.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-environment GWAS uncovers markers associated to biotic stress response and genotype-by-environment interactions in stone fruit trees","authors":"Marie Serrie, Vincent Segura, Alain Blanc, Laurent Brun, Naïma Dlalah, Frédéric Gilles, Laure Heurtevin, Mathilde Le-Pans, Véronique Signoret, Sabrina Viret, Jean-Marc Audergon, Bénédicte Quilot, Morgane Roth","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf088","url":null,"abstract":"Breeding for improved immunity is essential to achieve sustainable fruit production, yet requiring to account for genotype-by-environment interactions (GxE), which still represent a major challenge. To tackle this issue, we conducted a comprehensive study to identify genetic markers with main and environment-specific effects on pest and disease response in peach (P. persica) and apricot (P. armeniaca). Leveraging multi-environment trials (MET), we assessed the genetic architecture of resistance and tolerance to 7 major pests and diseases through visual scoring of symptoms in naturally infected core-collections, repeated within and between years and sites. We applied a series of genome-wide association models (GWAS) to both maximum of symptom severity and kinetic disease progression. These analyzes lead to the identification of environment-shared QTLs, environment-specific QTLs, and interactive QTLs with antagonist or differential effects across environments. We mapped 60 high confidence QTLs encompassing a total of 87 candidate genes involved in both basal and host-specific responses, mostly consisting in Leucine-Rich Repeat Containing Receptors (LRR-CRs) gene family. The most promising disease resistance candidate genes were found for peach leaf curl on LG4 and for apricot and peach rust on LG2 and LG4. These findings underscore the critical role of GxE in shaping the phenotypic response to biotic pressure, especially for blossom blight. Last, models including dominance effects revealed 123 specific QTLs, emphasizing the significance of non-additive genetic effects, therefore warrant further investigation. These insights will support the development of marker-assisted selection to improve the immunity of Prunus varieties in diverse environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}