{"title":"Sampling-Based Planning for Guaranteed Safe Energy Management of Hybrid UAV Powertrain Under Complex, Uncertain Constraints","authors":"Cary L. Butler;Reid D. Smith;Andrew G. Alleyne","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3422372","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3422372","url":null,"abstract":"As electrified aircraft are becoming more prominent, new energy management strategies are needed to fully leverage their capabilities to perform more complex missions and to do so safely. Nonconvex constraints, multitimescale dynamics, and uncertainty introduce challenges in the way of guaranteeing safe powertrain operation using existing methods. This work seeks to address these challenges using a novel application of sampling-based planning methods to plan the operation of a hybrid unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) powertrain. Known for their computational efficiency, these sampling-based methods can rapidly react to changing mission information. A two-stage method is introduced, which manages multiple time scales using rapidly exploring random tree (RRT)-based algorithms for long-term planning and robust model predictive control (RMPC) for short-term execution of mission plans with guaranteed tracking error bounds. An experimentally validated case study demonstrates the implementation of the two-stage method using RRT-based algorithms. Rapid planning times (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$gt 100times $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 faster than real time) enable replanning online to react to changing mission specifications. Robust tracking control guarantees that the UAV powertrain is safely operated in the presence of complex, uncertain constraints.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2267-2282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141613521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruiqing Zhang;Jingkang Xia;Junjie Ma;Deqing Huang;Xin Zhang;Yanan Li
{"title":"Human-Robot Interactive Skill Learning and Correction for Polishing Based on Dynamic Time Warping Iterative Learning Control","authors":"Ruiqing Zhang;Jingkang Xia;Junjie Ma;Deqing Huang;Xin Zhang;Yanan Li","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3423548","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3423548","url":null,"abstract":"To achieve rapid and flexible deployment of robots in the finishing process of small batch workpieces, this article proposes a framework for human-robot interactive (HRI) skill learning and correction based on improved dynamic time warping iterative learning control (DTW-ILC). First, we incorporate Gaussian mixture model (GMM) with DTW-ILC approach to enable the robot to learn polishing skills from human demonstration and interaction. Second, to ensure accurate force tracking under the condition of varying polishing feed speed, we propose an iterative force tracking method based on DTW-ILC and impedance control. Notably, we propose to iteratively estimate the polishing stiffness and incorporate it into the path updating law, resulting in simplified parameter settings and faster error convergence compared with traditional iterative learning control (ILC) methods with fixed parameters. A polishing experiment is carried out to prove the effectiveness of the proposed framework and method.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2310-2320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141568392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global Finite-Time Adaptive Attitude Control for Coupled Spacecraft With Model Uncertainty and Actuator Faults","authors":"Wanwan Zhu;Yukai Yang;Bailing Tian;Qun Zong","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3405668","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3405668","url":null,"abstract":"In this brief, a global finite-time adaptive attitude control algorithm is investigated for flexible spacecraft with slosh structure under model uncertainty, external disturbance, and actuator fault. First, the arctangent function (AF) surface is designed to realize the faster convergence time of quaternion-descripted attitude control system. Then, based on AF, an adaptive fault-tolerant control (FTC) algorithm is proposed to realize global finite-time attitude control of coupled spacecraft. The merit of the designed control algorithm is that it assumes that the upper bound of the lumped uncertainty (including model uncertainty related to angular velocity) is less than the combination of a positive constant, angular velocity, and control torque, rather than just less than a positive constant. The Lyapunov technique is used to prove the stability of whole closed-loop system. Numerical examples are performed to prove the efficiency of the designed control algorithm.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2428-2435"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141568395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefan Kojchev, Robert Hult, Maximilian Kneissl, Jonas Fredriksson
{"title":"Optimization-Based Coordination of Automated and Human-Driven Vehicles in Confined Sites","authors":"Stefan Kojchev, Robert Hult, Maximilian Kneissl, Jonas Fredriksson","doi":"10.1109/tcst.2024.3417068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2024.3417068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141549798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data-Driven Security Consensus Tracking of Multiple High-Speed Trains Under Random Topologies With Data Recovery Mechanism","authors":"Wei Yu;Deqing Huang;Xiao-Lei Wang;Hairong Dong","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3420012","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3420012","url":null,"abstract":"Inspired by the challenges in improving train efficiency, this study investigates the consensus tracking of multiple high-speed trains (MHSTs) under random denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. First, a linearization method is used to linearize the nonlinear dynamic model of MHSTs with external running resistance. Second, the strategy of DoS attackers is elaborated on by using random variables obeying Bernoulli distributions. After establishing a data recovery mechanism, a security model-free adaptive control (MFAC) scheme is presented for MHSTs that is fully data-driven and independent of any model information or structural data of train groups. The effectiveness of this approach is theoretically analyzed without requiring accurate system modeling. Finally, the validity of MFAC and the impact of DoS attacks on MHSTs are evaluated through simulations involving G1868 HSTs between Guiyang North and Kaili South.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2298-2309"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141526711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reachability-Based Planning of Time-Optimal Curvature-Constrained Path With Moving and Deforming Obstacles","authors":"Y. M. H. Xiao;H. Wang;Y. Pan","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3415377","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3415377","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we develop a time-optimal path planning algorithm for a mobile robot constrained by a minimum turning radius in an environment cluttered with an arbitrary number of moving and deforming obstacles. The algorithm builds on our previous work and involves substantial extensions to handle the turning radius constraint by adding the heading angle of the robot to the state space in addition to its location in a 2-D plane. The developed planner involves two stages: 1) forward propagation of the reachable set in the state space to preset destination through a newly derived variational inequality (VI) which encodes the obstacle avoidance and 2) backtracking to obtain the waypoints of the optimal path (corresponding to optimal control of the turning rate and speed), solved through an ODE-based scheme or a new and more robust backward-set-based scheme. The planned path represents a rigorous global optimal solution (except numerical errors) to the problem that can be used as a benchmark for other simplified planners or implemented together with a receding horizon for path planning with limited perception ability. We demonstrate both applications in several test cases.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2240-2252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141526712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Nonlinear Observer Approach to Diagonally Decoupled Direct Visual Servo Control","authors":"Geraldo Silveira;Luiz Mirisola;Pascal Morin","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3415236","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3415236","url":null,"abstract":"This brief investigates the problem of vision-based robot control where the equilibrium is defined via a reference image. Specifically, this work considers the class of intensity-based nonmetric solutions, which provide for high accuracy, versatility, and robustness. The existing general techniques within that class present either a fully coupled control error dynamics or at best only achieve decoupling of the translational part, i.e., they can only obtain a triangular system in the general case. These couplings in the system dynamics increase analysis complexity and may degrade system performance. This work proposes a new nonlinear observer-based strategy for completely decoupling the translational and rotational parts, i.e., to obtain a diagonal system in the general case. A Lyapunov-based analysis of local stability and convergence, as well as proofs of diffeomorphism and of that decoupling property are provided. Improved performances are also experimentally confirmed using a camera-mounted six-degree-of-freedom (DoF) robotic manipulator in a challenging setup. In particular, execution times are drastically reduced by using the proposed diagonal technique.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2460-2467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zheng Tian;Xinming Wang;Jun Yang;Shihua Li;Dan Niu;Qi Li
{"title":"Safety-Critical Disturbance Rejection Control of Overhead Crane Systems: Methods and Experimental Validation","authors":"Zheng Tian;Xinming Wang;Jun Yang;Shihua Li;Dan Niu;Qi Li","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3416416","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3416416","url":null,"abstract":"Crane systems generally operate in challenging environments (e.g., harsh weather conditions and high-altitude work), which heightens the requirements of control systems for the safety and disturbances rejection. However, underactuated nature poses difficulties in achieving the efficient positioning and swing elimination under these factors. To this end, we propose a method using a quadratic program (QP) formulation that combines an enhanced-coupling control Lyapunov function (ECCLF) with a new composite state control barrier function (CSCBF). Additionally, disturbance observers (DOBs) are employed to handle matched and unmatched disturbances effectively. The ECCLF introduces a new coupled control variable, where its tracking error ultimately exhibits an exponential convergence, elegantly overcoming the inability of full-state feedback linearization in underactuated systems. The CSCBF imposes time-varying safety constraints on the unilateral swing distance (USD), ensuring swing safety and meeting industrial payload positioning accuracy requirements. Especially, the traditional control barrier function (CBF) approach is not applicable for the proposed problem due to the infeasibility when the control coefficient of the CBF tends to zero, which is addressed by the proposed CSCBF approach. The safety of the CSCBF and the effectiveness of the controller synthesis are rigorously proven. Experimental validation demonstrates the effectiveness, safety, and disturbance rejection performance under practical working conditions.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2253-2266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Josef Matouš;Claudio Paliotta;Kristin Ytterstad Pettersen;Damiano Varagnolo
{"title":"The Hand Position Concept for Control of Underactuated Underwater Vehicles","authors":"Josef Matouš;Claudio Paliotta;Kristin Ytterstad Pettersen;Damiano Varagnolo","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3412529","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3412529","url":null,"abstract":"This article extends the hand position concept to underactuated underwater vehicles. Compared with previous works that utilize this concept, our approach works on six degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) vehicles and does not introduce singularities. By choosing the hand position as the output of the controlled system, we can apply output feedback linearization to simplify the dynamics of the vehicle. Specifically, we can then transform the six DOFs nonlinear underactuated vehicle model into a double integrator. This transformation enables the use of numerous control strategies that could otherwise not be used on nonholonomic or underactuated vehicles. After defining the concept, we analyze the closed-loop behavior of a general hand position-based controller. Specifically, we analyze the effects of external disturbances on the hand position and derive the sufficient conditions under which the rotational dynamics of the AUV remain bounded. Next, we present two examples of hand position-based controllers for solving the trajectory-tracking and path-following problems and analyze their closed-loop behavior. The theoretical results are verified both in numerical simulations and experiments.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2223-2239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141939881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jared Town;Zachary Morrison;Rushikesh Kamalapurkar
{"title":"Pilot Performance Modeling via Observer-Based Inverse Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Jared Town;Zachary Morrison;Rushikesh Kamalapurkar","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3410128","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TCST.2024.3410128","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this brief is behavior modeling for pilots of unmanned aerial systems. The pilot is assumed to make decisions that optimize an unknown cost functional. The cost functional is estimated from observed trajectories using a novel inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) framework. The resulting IRL problem often admits multiple solutions. In this brief, a recently developed IRL observer is adapted to the pilot behavior modeling problem. The observer is shown to converge to one of the equivalent solutions of the corresponding IRL problem. The developed technique is implemented on a quadcopter where the pilot is a surrogate linear-quadratic controller that generates velocity commands for set-point regulation of the quadcopter. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of the developed method to learn equivalent cost functionals.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"32 6","pages":"2444-2451"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141939883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}