Alexander Katriniok;Emilia Silvas;Francesco Borrelli;Mario Zanon;Jana Tumova;Saverio Bolognani;Yuxiao Chen
{"title":"Guest Editorial Special Issue on Intelligent Decision-Making, Motion Planning, and Control of Automated Vehicles in Interaction-Driven Traffic Scenarios","authors":"Alexander Katriniok;Emilia Silvas;Francesco Borrelli;Mario Zanon;Jana Tumova;Saverio Bolognani;Yuxiao Chen","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3558117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3558117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 4","pages":"1144-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11054066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust Optimal Control of Inverter-Based Resources Under Grid-Forming Operation","authors":"Sina Ameli;Olugbenga Moses Anubi;Fang Peng","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3560569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3560569","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we propose and solve a robust control problem (RCP) for inverter-based resources (IBRs) under grid-forming operation to regulate the voltage and frequency. One major challenge is to mitigate the effect of unmeasurable load current disturbance and grid and load parametric uncertainties. Moreover, strong coupling between the state variables on both the ac and dc sides, as well as between the modulating control input and the frequency impose additional challenges. To address these challenges, first, an RCP is solved at the high level via transformation into an equivalent, but more tractable, optimal control problem (OCP). Then, in the middle layer, a voltage control law is designed on the one side, and a frequency control law on the other side. Finally, an inverter filter current controller is designed to complete the controller design. Theoretical results are derived to provide stability guarantees for the resulting closed-loop system. Specifically, we show that the inverter current injection error is dissipative, the frequency error is semi-globally asymptotically stable, and the inverter terminal voltage error is globally asymptotically stable, all with provided sufficient conditions. Numerical simulation experiments are used to validate the theoretical claims. Furthermore, the developed controller is compared with existing work in the literature to show the efficacy of the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1851-1863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacob B. Fine;Peter Newell;Kavin Govindarajan;Carson McGuire;Paul Paris;Gabriel Matthias;Mary Maceda;Jonathan Baxter;Kenneth Granlund;Matthew Bryant;Chris Vermillion
{"title":"Analysis and Experimental Validation of a Low-Complexity Enhanced Orientation-Based Controller for Tethered Energy-Harvesting Systems","authors":"Jacob B. Fine;Peter Newell;Kavin Govindarajan;Carson McGuire;Paul Paris;Gabriel Matthias;Mary Maceda;Jonathan Baxter;Kenneth Granlund;Matthew Bryant;Chris Vermillion","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3558870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3558870","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a methodology for controlling the flight of an underwater energy-harvesting kite, termed enhanced orientation-based control, is presented. This control technique is shown to perform comparably to more complex, hierarchical path-following control approaches that rely upon expensive and unreliable localization sensors while performing significantly better than simple orientation-based controllers that possess a comparable degree of complexity. The periodic closed-loop stability of a kite utilizing the proposed controller is validated in a low-order simulation framework. From there, the performance of the proposed controller is benchmarked against established control techniques via a medium-fidelity simulation environment. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed controller design is demonstrated experimentally based on two testing results on a scaled prototype kite.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1743-1756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andres Cordoba-Pacheco;Lorenzo Petrucci;Matteo Filippone;Fredy Ruiz
{"title":"Data-Driven Controller Tuning for Battery Energy Storage Systems: A Set-Membership Approach","authors":"Andres Cordoba-Pacheco;Lorenzo Petrucci;Matteo Filippone;Fredy Ruiz","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3560546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3560546","url":null,"abstract":"Optimizing resources in industrial processes requires precise control strategies but often relies on complex mathematical models that are difficult to develop, posing challenges for traditional control methods. To solve this problem, an innovative methodology for fine-tuning controllers is presented based on the set-membership data-driven (SMDD) approach. This novel technique can change the traditional methods used for tuning controllers in the industry by leveraging real-world data and presents a transformative alternative in controller design. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, it is applied in a controller design process for a real battery energy storage system (BESS) with a peak capacity of 267 kW, which is connected to the main grid. The study conducts a detailed comparative analysis between conventional tuning techniques based on simple open-loop step response characteristics, an existing controller for the BESS tuned by trial and error, and the SMDD methodology. The data-driven approach shows significant improvements in the system performance with reductions of up to 18% in step response time and overshoots under 1%, proving its robustness at dealing with time-variant communication delays and fixed controller structures. The study concludes that the SMDD methodology emerges as a tool with the potential for tuning controllers in real-world systems.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1757-1770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Overtaking in NASCAR","authors":"David J. N. Limebeer;R. Austin Dollar","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3557665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3557665","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the impact of aerodynamic drafting on optimal overtaking maneuvers in NASCAR. Two interlinked optimal control problems (OCPs) are employed: one for computing the strategy of the overtaken car and the other for the overtaking vehicle. Intervehicular interaction is due to a combination of aerodynamic drafting and collision avoidance. In the formulation presented, the cross coupling between these OCPs is unidirectional, with collision avoidance the responsibility of the overtaking vehicle. The racing vehicles are assumed to travel on a highly banked 3-D closed-circuit track. The overtaking car is subject to near-field aerodynamic interactions (“drafting”) that have a significant impact on the overtaking vehicle’s strategy. Results are presented that illustrate overtaking strategies with and without drafting; differences in the two strategies highlight the importance of drafting influences. The results are based on a Generation 7 (Gen 7) NASCAR driven on the Darlington Raceway.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1785-1798"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suhao Feng;Deheng Cai;Jing Chen;Dawei Shi;Ling Shi;Wei Liu;Linong Ji
{"title":"Kernel-Based Learning With Adaptive Physiological Constraints for Personalized Postprandial Glucose Prediction","authors":"Suhao Feng;Deheng Cai;Jing Chen;Dawei Shi;Ling Shi;Wei Liu;Linong Ji","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3556236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3556236","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate and physiologically interpretable postprandial glucose prediction is of importance in diabetes self-management. In this work, the problem of personalized glucose prediction is considered, and an interpretable postprandial glucose trajectory prediction framework is proposed based on kernel-based system identification under physiological constraints. Considering treatment requirements in inpatient scenarios, an online prediction update mechanism is developed to deal with intrasubject variability. Through incorporating physiological constraints abstracted from linearized compartmental models, a posterior performance assessment and adaptation mechanism is designed to guarantee the interpretability of the predicted glucose responses. The proposed method is evaluated through clinical data from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) subjects, and the results indicate that the proposed method can achieve physiologically interpretable postprandial glucose trajectory prediction with satisfactory performance.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1712-1726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chris van der Ploeg;Pedro Vieira Oliveira;Emilia Silvas;Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani;Nathan van de Wouw
{"title":"Robust Fault Estimation With Structured Uncertainty: Scalable Algorithms and Experimental Validation in Automated Vehicles","authors":"Chris van der Ploeg;Pedro Vieira Oliveira;Emilia Silvas;Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani;Nathan van de Wouw","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3552618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3552618","url":null,"abstract":"To increase system robustness and autonomy, in this article, we propose a nonlinear fault estimation filter for a class of linear dynamical systems, subject to structured uncertainty, measurement noise, and system delays, in the presence of additive and multiplicative faults. The proposed filter architecture combines tools from model-based control approaches, regression techniques, and convex optimization. The proposed method estimates the additive and multiplicative faults using a linear residual generator combined with nonlinear regression. An offline simulator allows us to numerically characterize the mismatch between an assumed linear model and a range of alternative linear models that exhibit different levels of structured uncertainty. Moreover, we show how the performance bounds of the estimator, valid in the absence of uncertainty, can be used to determine appropriate countermeasures for measurement noise. In the scope of this work, we focus particularly on a fault estimation problem for Society of Automotive Engineers (SAEs) level 4 automated vehicles, which must remain operational in various cases and cannot rely on the driver. The proposed approach is demonstrated in simulations and in an experimental setting, where it is shown that additive and multiplicative faults can be estimated in a real vehicle under the influence of model uncertainty, measurement noise, and delay.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1651-1666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean Gonzalez Silva;Twan Keijzer;Alexander Julian Gallo;Riccardo Ferrari;Jan-Willem van Wingerden
{"title":"Multirate Consensus-Based Distributed Control for Large-Scale Wind Farms","authors":"Jean Gonzalez Silva;Twan Keijzer;Alexander Julian Gallo;Riccardo Ferrari;Jan-Willem van Wingerden","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3550033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3550033","url":null,"abstract":"High penetration of wind energy is pushing wind farms (WFs) to offer grid support capabilities, such as active power tracking. One of the main challenges in active power tracking for WFs is the interaction of wind turbines (WTs) through their wakes. This reduces the available wind in downstream WTs, leading them to saturation, while also affecting structural loading. With the increasing number of WTs in individual WFs, the computational and communication complexity of implementing centralized control architectures grows, posing challenges for real-world applications. In this article, we present a novel distributed control approach for active power tracking for WFs, namely multirate consensus-based distributed control (MCDC). The MCDC is designed to ensure that tracking errors caused by WT saturation are equally compensated throughout the WF, while only requiring local information exchanges between WTs. Furthermore, the proposed controller ensures that WT aerodynamic loading is balanced across the WF in a distributed manner. Finally, the overall power reference is distributed via a leader-follower consensus algorithm, resulting in a fully distributed approach. Our control approach facilitates the WF modularity and sparsity, which reduces the costs associated with control design and its applicability. Throughout this article, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MCDC through high-fidelity simulations, presenting performance comparable to the centralized control.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1572-1585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is it Reasonable to Implement Barrier Function Adaptation Under Sensor Noise?","authors":"Andrés González;Luis Ovalle;Leonid Fridman","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3549347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3549347","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the behavior of barrier function adaptation (BFA) in the presence of bounded deterministic noises with the known upper bound, both theoretically and experimentally. It is shown that, in the case of discontinuous noises, the predefined performance of the output can be lost. Nevertheless, if the barrier function width (BFW) is selected in accordance to the upper bound of the perturbation, the prescribed performance of the output can be asserted. In the case of continuous noises, BFW needs to be selected at least twice as big as the bound of the measurement noise, i.e., the knowledge of the upper bound of the perturbations is not needed, and the predefined performance of the output is ensured. In the case of Lipschitz continuous noises, BFW can be selected arbitrary, and the system output will be kept in BFW. An experimental study, considering different classes of noises, is designed and implemented on a brushed dc motor to illustrate the conclusions drawn from the theoretical analysis.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1627-1639"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faizan Shahid;Hao Luo;Yuchen Jiang;Muhammad Noman Hasan
{"title":"Finite-Time Adaptive Sliding Mode Fault-Tolerant Attitude Control for Flexible Spacecraft","authors":"Faizan Shahid;Hao Luo;Yuchen Jiang;Muhammad Noman Hasan","doi":"10.1109/TCST.2025.3550807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2025.3550807","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an adaptive fault-tolerant attitude control (FTAC) system designed for flexible spacecraft with minimum computational burden. It offers exceptional energy efficiency and robust anti-unwinding capabilities. First, the spacecraft system dynamics are redefined for the actuator’s performance matrix by considering the flexible appendage’s vibration effects, inertial uncertainties, external disturbances, and faults associated with the actuators (misalignment, bias, and loss of effectiveness). The control scheme is conceived by introducing a modified nonsingular terminal sliding mode (MNTSM) surface with an imposed constraint, and a modal vibration observer (MVO) estimates vibrations induced by flexible appendages. Then, based on the designed sliding manifold, an adaptive law and switching function are employed to estimate and compensate lumped disturbances. Subsequently, an anti-unwinding finite-time adaptive sliding mode (AFASM) fault-tolerant control law is proposed. The remarkable characteristic of the proposed control is its ability to simultaneously handle unwinding and modal vibrations in the presence of actuator faults and demonstrate finite-time precise attitude tracking. The stability and finite-time convergence of the proposed control is established using the Lyapunov and finite-time theory. Finally, numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness and efficacy of the propounded control for fault-free and faulty actuator scenarios.","PeriodicalId":13103,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology","volume":"33 5","pages":"1700-1711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}