Rina Takano , Rika Uesugi , Daichi Iida , Prof. Dr. Takayuki Ishida
{"title":"Four‐Center Two‐Electron Bond in 3,6‐Di(tert‐butyl)naphthalene‐1,8‐diyl Bis(tert‐butyl Nitroxide)","authors":"Rina Takano , Rika Uesugi , Daichi Iida , Prof. Dr. Takayuki Ishida","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202500049","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202500049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three polymorphs of the title compound were found, showing a head‐to‐tail (N−O)<sub>2</sub> four‐membered ring. The α and β phases underwent a reversible structural phase transition across ca. 140 K, while the γ phase was independent. The interatomic O ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ N distances are 79–81 % of the sum of the van der Waals radii, consistent with the diamagnetic properties observed in the magnetic and ESR studies for the α phase. A thermally accessible zero‐field splitting pattern was recorded in solid‐state ESR, and applying a singlet‐triplet (ST) model afforded 2<em>J</em><sub>obs</sub>/<em>k</em><sub>B</sub>=−1.87(8)×10<sup>3</sup> K (<em>H</em>=−2<em>JS</em><sub>1</sub> ⋅ <em>S</em><sub>2</sub>). The SQUID results showed 2<em>J</em><sub>obs</sub>/<em>k</em><sub>B</sub>=–2.159(5)×10<sup>3</sup> K. Thanks to the introduction of two <em>tert</em>‐butyl groups on the naphthalene core, the generation of triplet species is reversible below 430 K. The residual electron density map from the crystallographic data and the QTAIM analysis indicate a four‐center two‐electron σ‐bond nature in (N−O)<sub>2</sub>. Two DFT‐optimized structures were given, featuring 2<em>J</em><sub>calc</sub>/<em>k</em><sub>B</sub>=−8864 K as a covalent model and −974 K as a biradical model. Thus, we can propose a mechanism involving two‐step equilibria; a chemical equilibrium between the covalent and biradical forms and a subsequent spin equilibrium between the S and T states in a biradical.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202500049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Tandem Intramolecular Oxidative Heck Reaction/C−H Arylation Sequence: One‐Pot Synthesis of 3‐Nitro‐2‐Aryl‐Indoles","authors":"Mohit K Tiwari , Muskan , Parthasarathi Das","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202400692","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202400692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present article describes a Pd(II)‐catalyzed cascade methodology that proceeds in a one‐step sequence <em>via</em> intramolecular oxidative Heck‐type C−C coupling and NO<sub>2</sub>‐directed selective C‐2 arylation of <em>in‐situ</em> formed 3‐nitroindoles with haloarenes. Importantly, this highly efficient and atom‐economical cascade protocol utilizes the same catalyst system and affords a diverse library of privileged C‐2‐aryl‐nitroindole scaffolds (<strong>5 a</strong>–<strong>5 aa</strong>) in a single step with good to excellent yields. Mechanistic investigations, including radical trapping, control, competition experiments and studies on the effects of EDGs and EWGs, strongly suggest the involvement of σ‐bond metathesis or a base accelerated proton abstraction, followed by the formation of a key intermediate <em>i. e</em>., a highly reactive Ar‐Pd−C‐2‐nitroindole complex, which further signifies the vital role of the NO<sub>2</sub> group in leading the efficiency and regioselectivity of the protocol. In addition, this cascade protocol is applicable in the ‘one pot’ synthesis of architecturally complex C‐5 functionalized (−F/‐Cl/‐Me/‐OMe) C‐2‐aryl‐nitroindoles and offers great potential in terms of biological and pharmaceutical fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202400692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Five‐Membered Heterocycle Fused Quinazolinone Via Buchwald–Hartwig Cross Coupling Reaction","authors":"Jimin Moon , Hyojin Lee , Taeho Lee","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202400795","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202400795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through the Buchwald‐Hartwig cross‐coupling reaction, we successfully coupled the 2′‐bromo five‐membered heterocyclic ester derivative with the 2‐aminopyridine derivative, and carried out an intramolecular cyclization reaction to synthesize quinazolinone derivatives with the substituted fived‐membered heterocycle. Using Pd(OAc)<sub>2</sub> as the catalyst and Xantphos ligand, we synthesized fived‐membered heterocycle‐fused quinazolinone derivatives with 23 different aminopyridines, as well as thiazole, imidazole, thiophene, pyrrole, and pyrazole, with yields from 7–99 %. To further expand the diversity of heterocyclic rings, we used <em>m</em>CPBA to oxidize the methylsulfide at the 2‐position of thiazole to a sulfone group, and then optimized a desulfonative nucleophilic substitution reaction using a variety of nucleophiles. This allowed for the substitution of 11 nucleophiles, resulting in the construction of a library of 37 quinazolinone derivatives with substituted five‐membered heterocycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202400795"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kirill S. Korzhenko , Dmitry V. Osipov , Aleksandra S. Chechulina , Pavel E. Krasnikov , Oleg P. Demidov , Vitaly A. Osyanin
{"title":"Divergent Behavior of β‐Carbonyl‐Substituted 1H‐Benzo[f]chromenes Under Henry Reaction Conditions","authors":"Kirill S. Korzhenko , Dmitry V. Osipov , Aleksandra S. Chechulina , Pavel E. Krasnikov , Oleg P. Demidov , Vitaly A. Osyanin","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202400680","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202400680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of β‐carbonyl‐substituted 1<em>H</em>‐benzo[<em>f</em>]chromenes has been introduced into the reaction with nitromethane in the presence of ammonium acetate. It has been shown that in the case of 1<em>H</em>‐benzo[<em>f</em>]chromene‐2‐carbaldehydes, the reaction does not stop at the formation of the classical Henry reaction products − β‐nitroalcohols, but their dehydration to nitrovinylchromenes takes place. In the case of alkyl(benzochromen‐2‐yl)ketones, 3‐alkyl‐2‐(2‐nitrovinyl)‐1<em>H</em>‐benzo[<em>f</em>]chromenes are formed, and methoxalyl‐substituted benzochromenes give 10‐amino‐7a,8‐dihydrobenzo[5,6]chromeno[2,3‐<em>b</em>]pyrrol‐9(11<em>H</em>)‐ones under the Henry reaction conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202400680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Regioselective [3+2]‐Annulation of Indoles with 1,3‐Enynes to Access 3H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indol‐3‐ones","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar , Pradeep Girase , Sayali Pradeep Jadhav , Bhargav Desai , Dr. Togati Naveen , Vinaykumar Kanchupalli","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202400810","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202400810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, we present a novel and highly efficient strategy for the synthesis of synthetically valuable 3<em>H</em>‐pyrrolo[1,2‐<em>a</em>]indol‐3‐ones via a Rh(III)‐catalyzed regioselective [3+2] annulation strategy. The protocol ensures precise regioselective insertion of substituted 1,3‐enynes at the less sterically hindered site, while offering a broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility, and mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the methodology is amenable to gram‐scale synthesis and demonstrates the successful application of terbinafine as a substrate within this transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202400810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Israel Najar Guerrero , Zinah Al‐Khateeb , Prof. F. G. West
{"title":"Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of C‐2 Substituted Indolin‐3‐Ones and Indolin‐3‐One [4+2] Cycloadducts Through Azide‐Tethered Iodonium Ylides","authors":"Israel Najar Guerrero , Zinah Al‐Khateeb , Prof. F. G. West","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202400612","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202400612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years iodonium ylides have gained popularity as versatile metallocarbene precursors, functioning as alternatives to sensitive and potentially toxic diazo compounds. However, their application in metallocarbene‐mediated heterocycle construction has been limited. Herein, we describe a strategy for the synthesis of C‐2 substituted indolin‐3‐ones using azide‐tethered iodonium ylides as metallocarbene precursors under copper catalysis. The formation of an electrophilic <em>C‐</em>acylimine intermediate allows the addition of a broad spectrum of nucleophiles, as well as electron‐rich and unactivated dienes, furnishing highly substituted indolin‐3‐ones and indolen‐3‐one [4+2] cycloadducts. The remarkably short reaction times, high yields, mild conditions, and scalability render this methodology attractive for the synthesis of new scaffolds in drug discovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202400612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artem V. Semenov , Eugene A. Katlenok , Alexey M. Starosotnikov , Maxim A. Bastrakov , Mikhail E. Minyaev , Lev E. Zelenkov , Anton A. Shetnev , Alexander V. Sapegin , Vadim P. Boyarskiy , Sergey V. Baykov
{"title":"Design of Supramolecular Tectons via Intramolecular S/Se⋅⋅⋅ONO2 Chalcogen Bonding","authors":"Artem V. Semenov , Eugene A. Katlenok , Alexey M. Starosotnikov , Maxim A. Bastrakov , Mikhail E. Minyaev , Lev E. Zelenkov , Anton A. Shetnev , Alexander V. Sapegin , Vadim P. Boyarskiy , Sergey V. Baykov","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202500088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202500088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of 2‐nitrochalcogenocyanato(hetero)arenes were synthesized by the reaction of 2‐nitrohalo(hetero)arenes with potassium thio‐ or selenocyanate. These compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, high‐resolution mass spectrometry, and X‐ray crystallography. In the obtained crystal structures, strong intramolecular Ch⋅⋅⋅O<sub>NO2</sub> (Ch=S, Se) chalcogen bonds between the chalcogen atom of the chalcogenocyanate moiety and the nitro group were revealed. These interactions prevent rotation of the nitro group, and thus stabilize the obtained 2‐nitrochalcogenocyanato(hetero)arenes in a distorted planar geometry. In addition, intermolecular Ch⋅⋅⋅N chalcogen bonds were observed in some structures. Both intra‐ and intermolecular interactions were studied using methods based on first‐principles and DFT approaches (e. g. QTAIM, IGMH, ELF, NBO). Two of the synthesized chalcogenocyanates namely, 4‐nitro‐5‐thiocyanatophthalonitrile (<strong>2a</strong>) and 4‐nitro‐5‐selenocyanatophthalonitrile (<strong>2b</strong>) were identified as promising supramolecular tectons for cocrystallizations with aromatic hydrocarbons, and four new cocrystals (<strong>2 a⋅</strong>PhMe, <strong>2 a⋅</strong><em>o</em>‐XylH, <strong>2 a⋅</strong><em>p</em>‐XylH, and <strong>2 b⋅</strong>1.5(<em>p</em>‐XylH)) were obtained. X‐ray diffraction studies of these cocrystals demonstrated that in all cases molecules of the phthalonitrile (<strong>2 a</strong> or <strong>2 b</strong>) and the corresponding hydrocarbon are packed into infinity columnar stacks via π⋅⋅⋅π interactions, whereas intermolecular Ch⋅⋅⋅O/N ChBs bound them to form the final supramolecular architecture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202500088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Nicolas Joly , Clara Mauclaire , Dr. Sylvain Gaillard , Dr. Albert Poater , Prof. Dr. Jean‐Luc Renaud
{"title":"Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of 5‐ and 6‐Heterocyclic Derivatives Catalyzed by Earth‐Abundant Metal‐Based Complexes","authors":"Dr. Nicolas Joly , Clara Mauclaire , Dr. Sylvain Gaillard , Dr. Albert Poater , Prof. Dr. Jean‐Luc Renaud","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202400728","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202400728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterocycle synthesis is an intense research area due to their significant importance in pharmaceutical, material chemistry and fine synthesis. Key innovations include transition metal‐based‐catalyzed heterocyclic derivatives synthesis, which facilitates diverse structural modifications, enhances selectivities and efficiency. The necessity to develop more greener technologies for the construction of new C−C and C−N bonds has strived chemists to re‐design their synthetic strategy plan and to introduce abundant starting materials. Among these new transformations, acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling (ADC) reactions have received increased attention thanks to their atom‐economy, the use of alcohols as pro‐electrophiles and the formation of water and hydrogen gas as only by‐products. These methods exemplify the interplay between traditional and cutting‐edge techniques, providing a robust synthetic toolkit to address the growing demand for biologically relevant compounds with tailored functionalities. This review will focus on the acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling methodologies for the synthesis of nitrogen‐containing 5‐ and 6‐membered heterocyclic derivatives (such as pyrroles, pyrimidines, quinazolines, and quinoxalines) in the presence of 3d‐metal complexes. The state of the art of the ADC process underscores the continuous evolution of synthetic strategies and emphases its importance in creating valuable and structurally diverse compounds, ensuring their centrality in both academic and pharmaceutical research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202400728"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Rinat F. Salikov , Alena D. Sokolova , Dr. Dmitry N. Platonov , Alexander Yu. Belyy , Michael D. Khitrov , Prof. Dr. Yury V. Tomilov
{"title":"Möbius‐Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity Driven Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions in Cycloheptatrienide Zwitterions with a Twisted Cycloheptatetraene Intermediate","authors":"Dr. Rinat F. Salikov , Alena D. Sokolova , Dr. Dmitry N. Platonov , Alexander Yu. Belyy , Michael D. Khitrov , Prof. Dr. Yury V. Tomilov","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202500119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202500119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyridinium and phosphonium zwitterions featuring a cycloheptatrienide‐anion moiety are introduced into antiaromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. The transformations afford other zwitterions, cycloheptatrienes or cycloheptatrienide salts. The initial reaction stage involves an elimination of pyridine or triphenylphosphine to form a Möbius‐aromatic cycloheptatetraene intermediate. The aromatic stabilization energy in parent cycloheptatetraene was estimated at 6–7 kcal/mol, an important value in terms of reaction rates. An anisotropy of the induced current density diagram illustrated the diatropic ring current confirming the aromaticity of the intermediate and an analysis of NICS values for the initial reaction step revealed a transition from a slightly antiaromatic to a moderately aromatic species. Therefore, these reactions are uniquely driven by both the relief of antiaromaticity and the acquisition of Möbius aromaticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202500119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peramalla Edukondalu , Nidhi Ravi , Raghavender Matta , Gugulothu Kishan , Dr. K. Shiva Kumar
{"title":"Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzofuro[3,2‐b]Indole Frame Work via Intramolecular Oxidative C−H Bond Amination","authors":"Peramalla Edukondalu , Nidhi Ravi , Raghavender Matta , Gugulothu Kishan , Dr. K. Shiva Kumar","doi":"10.1002/ajoc.202400702","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajoc.202400702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We described a Copper‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative intramolecular C−H amination that enables the construction of benzofuro[3,2‐<em>b</em>]indole that are widely applicable in medicinal chemistry. It has been found that the developed amination is efficient in synthesizing a variety of benzofuro[3,2‐<em>b</em>]indoles that are otherwise difficult to make by other methods. This methodology is also extended to indoles and thiophenes. Additionally the present method offers both economic and practical advantages for making benzofuro[3,2‐<em>b</em>]indole.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":130,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 5","pages":"Article e202400702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}