2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)最新文献

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Measurements of anode temperature around current zero following interruption of high currents 测量大电流中断后电流零附近的阳极温度
A. Schneider
{"title":"Measurements of anode temperature around current zero following interruption of high currents","authors":"A. Schneider","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412481","url":null,"abstract":"The present work is devoted to the estimation of anode temperature immediately after current zero following interruption of high current vacuum arc. Thermal radiation of a hot sample was registered using a 4-channels high-speed camera HSFC. Every camera channel was equipped with an interference filter to record radiation at various wavelengths (600, 700, 775, and 825 nm). First of all, calibrations of camera channels have been made. A molybdenum crucible with known spectral emissivity was used as a calibration sample. Experiments were carried out at different amplitudes of the arc current both with and without the axial magnetic field (AMF).","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114950094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Change of the e-beam generation mode at transition from the vacuum to the gas-filled diode 从真空过渡到充气二极管时电子束产生方式的变化
E. Baksht, V. Tarasenko, A. Burachenko, M. Lomaev, D. Rybka, D. A. Sorokin
{"title":"Change of the e-beam generation mode at transition from the vacuum to the gas-filled diode","authors":"E. Baksht, V. Tarasenko, A. Burachenko, M. Lomaev, D. Rybka, D. A. Sorokin","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412588","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, characteristics of the runaway electron beams downstream of a foil anode were studied at a pressure of helium, hydrogen, and nitrogen from vacuum to tens of torr. High-voltage pulses (~150 and ~250 kV) with pulse rise times of ~300 and ~500 ps were applied to the tubular cathode - plane anode gap. It is demonstrated that increasing the pressure from vacuum to 10 of torr and more changes the mode of the electron beam generation and can increase the beam current amplitude. It is shown that increasing the pressure of helium, hydrogen, and nitrogen allows continuously adjusting the electron beam duration from ~500 to ~100 ps (FWHM).","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124024664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A vacuum interrupters internal pressure on-line condition monitoring system 真空断路器内压在线状态监测系统
Liu Xu-dong, Fan Xing-ming, Zhang Xin, Zou Qi-tao, Fan Jian-rong, Liang Cong, Shi Wei-jian
{"title":"A vacuum interrupters internal pressure on-line condition monitoring system","authors":"Liu Xu-dong, Fan Xing-ming, Zhang Xin, Zou Qi-tao, Fan Jian-rong, Liang Cong, Shi Wei-jian","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412561","url":null,"abstract":"The reliability and intelligence of vacuum circuit breakers related to the digitization of the substations directly, however, the internal pressure in vacuum interrupters (VIs) is an important indicator parameter of the breaking capability and life. To realize the On-line condition monitor of VIs' internal pressure, weighting the domestic and international on-line monitoring method, we select the coupling capacitance sensor with Advantages of simple composition, long service life and low cost, Real-time monitoring the AC component variables(Δ UAC) and DC component variables(Δ UDC) potential on shield of VIs. Two processors was configured on the monitor system respectively EP2C8Q (FPGA) and TMS320LF2812 (DSP), trying to play the superiority of the two processors and achieve the optimal efficiency. Besides, the conversion algorithm of changing potential on shield of VIs to internal pressure values was studied and the Ethernet communication module based on IEC61850 was designed for uploading data in IED of process level to BAY/UNIT level. Besides, the system was designed with high EMC to ensure the anti-jamming capability. Experimental data and on-site operating results proved that the monitor devices get the advantages of high sensitivity, reliability and strong EMC, and it was applicable in new generation of smart grid.","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124613629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Numerical simulation of overvoltage generated at switching on medium-voltage motors with the aid of different circuit breakers 利用不同断路器对中压电机开断时过电压的数值模拟
A. Chaly, V. Minaev
{"title":"Numerical simulation of overvoltage generated at switching on medium-voltage motors with the aid of different circuit breakers","authors":"A. Chaly, V. Minaev","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412497","url":null,"abstract":"So far voltage surges at motor switching-on have not been the subject of thorough investigation and discussion, for they were assumed to be of safe levels. Lately a number of works appeared stating that vacuum circuit breakers (VCB) can produce voltage surges critical for motor insulation, unlike circuit breakers with oil or SF6 arcing medium. To examine the described phenomenon a SimPowerSystems model has been developed. It allows simulating transient processes in cable-motor system at switching-on, under variation of the following parameters: motor power, cable type and length, surge arrester (SA) type and location, CB type and poles closing time scatter. The VCB model used considers dielectric strength reduction with time and high-frequency current interruption. The model was successfully verified using reference data. However, simulation results have not confirmed particular danger of vacuum compared to other interrupting media with respect to switching overvoltage.","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133002812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Testing procedure for the current interruption capability of vacuum interrupter contact materials 真空灭流器触点材料电流中断能力的试验方法
T. Delachaux, F. Rager, R. Simon, D. Gentsch
{"title":"Testing procedure for the current interruption capability of vacuum interrupter contact materials","authors":"T. Delachaux, F. Rager, R. Simon, D. Gentsch","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412489","url":null,"abstract":"A testing procedure has been developed with the aim to investigate and to screen the current interruption capability of vacuum interrupters with different contact materials. A synthetic circuit delivering a 1.2 ms pulse current up to 18 kA was used in order to simulate a surface temperature on the electrodes similar to the constricted arc mode. At current zero a pulse voltage was injected to stress the vacuum interrupters to a value corresponding to the peak transient voltage of a 24 kV rating. Vacuum interrupters with contact materials based on CuCr 75/25 wt% were tested in a single phase. The statistical analysis of the probability of current interruption failure as a function of the current allowed ranking the contact materials compared to a commercial CuCr 75/25 wt% used as a reference. A specially doped CuCr 75/25 wt% showed higher potential current interruption capability than the reference, while the other contacts produced from different copper and chromium powders' suppliers had similar current interruption capability than the reference. The trend given by this method has been compared with results obtained in a three-phase test at a power laboratory. The test procedure is able to predict the major trends, but lacks of sensitivity for the small composition differences. In addition, it was found that when using the best materials in vacuum interrupters rated 20 kA/12 kV a potential current interruption capability higher than 33 kA would be in principle possible based on the contact material only.","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126871271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the participation of molecules adsorbed to the cathode surface in the initial stage of a highvoltage vacuum discharge 高压真空放电初期吸附在阴极表面的分子的参与
Y. A. Barengolts, S. I. Beril
{"title":"On the participation of molecules adsorbed to the cathode surface in the initial stage of a highvoltage vacuum discharge","authors":"Y. A. Barengolts, S. I. Beril","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412454","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of adsorbed atoms or nonpolar molecules on the surface of a cathode results in an insignificant increase in field-emission current density over that observed for clean metal surfaces. If the adsorbate consists of polar molecules, at fields over 1 MV/cm, the current density can increase by an order of magnitude and more. When the adlayer thickness is several nanometers, the quantum nature of the image forces must be taken into consideration. Calculations show that in this case, owing to the polaron effect, the tunnel emission current is substantially lower than that typical of cathode surfaces free from foreign microinclusions and films.","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126931908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Functionally graded copper chromium based vacuum interrupter contact tip and its interruption ability 功能梯度铜铬基真空灭弧头及其灭弧能力
S. Rayudu, S. Kulkarni, L. Andrews, J. Nemade
{"title":"Functionally graded copper chromium based vacuum interrupter contact tip and its interruption ability","authors":"S. Rayudu, S. Kulkarni, L. Andrews, J. Nemade","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412493","url":null,"abstract":"Copper-Chromium (CuCr) based contact material is widely used for vacuum interrupter (VI) contacts and has found worldwide acceptance in medium-voltage VIs, especially for high-current interruption. Contact material with chromium content between 25 and 50 wt. % is almost exclusively used. Conventionally, copper and chromium are uniformly distributed throughout the body of the contact. In a few cases, contacts with grading of the material along the thickness have been used. This paper presents a new concept of functionally graded electrical contact which consists of CuCr50 in the bulk region and the remaining petal region consists of CuCr25. The aim of this grading is to improve the interruption ability with optimum erosion characteristics. The paper further reports the results of the investigations of switching behavior of VI with these functionally graded contact tips. The results indicate that the higher thermal and electrical conductivity as well as anti-welding properties at the required locations of the developed functionally graded contact material improved the interruption ability of the VI. The results of the switching tests are seconded by the results of the microstructural analysis (SEM/EDS) of the arced and un-arced contact tips.","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114155178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Microsecond plasma opening switch: Pro et contra 微秒等离子体开启开关:Pro et contra
V. Kokshenev
{"title":"Microsecond plasma opening switch: Pro et contra","authors":"V. Kokshenev","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412549","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports on research in microsecond plasma opening switches (MPOSs) operated at currents of 10<sup>5</sup> - 5·10<sup>6</sup> A and voltages of 10<sup>5</sup> - 4·10<sup>6</sup> V and provides data on their practical use in physical experiments. The main physical processes occurring in MPOSs are analyzed, and advantages and disadvantages of this type of opening switches are considered. Fields of possible application of MPOSs as a pulsed power element are indicated.","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114215144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The multiarc plasma cathode electron source 多弧等离子体阴极电子源
M. Vorobyov, V. Denisov, V. Devyatkov, S. A. Gamermaister, N. Koval, V. Shugurov, S. Sulakshin, V. Yakovlev
{"title":"The multiarc plasma cathode electron source","authors":"M. Vorobyov, V. Denisov, V. Devyatkov, S. A. Gamermaister, N. Koval, V. Shugurov, S. Sulakshin, V. Yakovlev","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412595","url":null,"abstract":"The electron source with the plasma cathode on the basis of the discharge system with the six arc plasma generators working on the common cylindrical hollow anode with a diameter of 200 mm and 300 mm long was constructed. For synchronous operation of the plasma generators the hollow anode is filled with dense low-temperature plasma. The plasma emissive boundary with a diameter of 150 mm is stabilized by a small-structure metal grid. The arc current of each plasma generator is (100-300) A with a pulse duration 150 us. The electron extraction from plasma and acceleration of them is carried out under the action of direct voltage (20-50) kV, applied between the plasma cathode and grounded drift tunnel with inner diameter of 160 mm and 700 mm long. In pilot experiments the electron beam with a common current up to 1000 A and pulse duration 150 us was obtained. The beam with such parameters will be used in research works and technological applications.","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116769448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Arcing behavior on TMF contacts at intermediate-frequency 中频TMF触点的电弧行为
Z. Liying, Wu Jianwen, Liu Bin, Feng Ying
{"title":"Arcing behavior on TMF contacts at intermediate-frequency","authors":"Z. Liying, Wu Jianwen, Liu Bin, Feng Ying","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2012.6412508","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the morphological changes and arc-voltage characteristics of vacuum arc at intermediate frequency (400Hz~800Hz) were investigated under transverse magnetic field (TMF). The experiment was performed on cup-type TMF contacts with a contact diameter of 40mm and a contact gap of 2mm in single-frequency circuit. With high-speed photography, we characterized the appearance of the arc at different current of intermediate frequency. When current value increases from 3kA to 10kA the arc morphology changes obviously. When current value is 3kA (current frequency 400Hz-800Hz), there is almost no split arc, while more than 6kA (current frequency 400Hz-800Hz), the arc rotates at high speed and also split arc can be observed. The split arc can be observed at different frequency and the arc-voltage with no noise component when it occurred. Furthermore, the arc voltage at the peak current increases almost linearly with the total current at the same frequency. As the current frequency increases, the arc voltage at the peak current also increases at the same current.","PeriodicalId":130964,"journal":{"name":"2012 25th International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130395014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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