2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)最新文献

{"title":"A geometrical-statistical model for the air-ground channel","authors":"N. Schneckenburger, D. Matolak, T. Jost, U. Fiebig, G. del Galdo, Hosseinali Jamal, Ruoyu Sun","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102054","url":null,"abstract":"We present a geometrical-statistical architecture to model the air-ground channel. In this paper we focus on the modeling elements influencing line-of-sight path: ground multi-path propagation, antenna effects, and ground shadowing. We validate the channel model against channel sounding data from flight experiments collected in 2013.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122929780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative design principles applied to the conception of a sequencing manager working position","authors":"V. Kapp, F. Lefebvre, David Duprat","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102128","url":null,"abstract":"In the past, we presented the design process of a visual tool aiming at enhancing the integration of an advanced AMAN (Arrival MANager) in an innovative working environment. This work was indeed the subject of a previous paper. In the context of ATC (Air Traffic Control) working position conception, several options of design have already been explored. Meeting different types of needs, such as providing means to input data efficiently in the system, or means to get relevant information at the right time for a given context at an acceptable cognitive cost may be considered as limitations regarding the type of design. On the other hand, considering solutions that have been retained in other fields may be a source of inspiration for improvements. Sometimes, options that are familiar in a given context may require some efforts to be translated into another. This can be the case for example when considering metro maps style of design. Metro maps can rely on different principles (isometric grid or orthogonal method) but when they are well-designed; they are easy to understand and they enable to navigate with ease (which is their main purpose). Furthermore, their aesthetics play a good part in their comfort of use. Moreover, they are metaphors of a geographical reality that allows to display, with some level of abstraction, but in a quite accurate way, route topography in a constrained space. When considering the design of a new ATC tool that will regroup some information and functionalities that are currently dispatched between several devices, there are some analogies with the above concerns, notably when it comes to the representation of arrival routes and their relations with additional data such as the one linked to Aircraft position and their corresponding AMAN information. The idea is to present a way to apply some of the above principles to the conception of a working position dedicated to the sequencing and coordination task. The point that this paper wants to highlight is that the quality of the design has a direct influence on the way operators use the tools. This can be especially true in the case of critical systems. Furthermore, this is also true when considering the acceptance and the successful operational deployment of innovative functions for which incentive plays an important role. In the first part, the paper will present the sequencing task from an ATCO's (Air Traffic Controller) perspective and present the main features of the supporting tools, notably the AMAN, which is currently in use. It will then highlight some of the current limitations and blocking points. In the second part, the paper will present the user centred design process methodology and the design principles that were applied to produce different design options, some of them having been developed in the form of prototypes, that will be described. In the last part, the paper will describe the definitive design option that lead to the development of a prototype called","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123834178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small unmanned aircraft system (SUAS) automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) like surveillance concept of operations: A path forward for small UAS surveillance","authors":"Gregory L. Orrell, Angela Chen, C. Reynolds","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102026","url":null,"abstract":"Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (SUAS) are becoming more common in the National Airspace System (NAS). The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) forecasts SUAS growth to be over 2.69 million by 2020 [1]. The majority of these operations are expected to occur below 400 feet above ground level. Due to the clutter of SUAS operations, a surveillance system will likely be required to help SUAS operators avoid collisions with other aircraft and eventually, to help integrate these operations into the National Airspace. A concept for such a SUAS surveillance service is presented in this paper. A surveillance solution concept is proposed that leverages Automatic Dependent Surveillance — Broadcast (ADS-B) and Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks to provide ADS-B like services to SUAS. Using both networks enables surveillance coverage at low altitude that is able to be integrated with existing FAA surveillance services. This paper describes the need for a new SUAS surveillance service, a set of use cases for that service, and proposes a conceptual system solution, referred to as ‘Vigilant’. The Vigilant proposal includes the use of a new ADS-B frequency for air-to-air communications, a concept for leveraging the LTE network, and new surveillance message content specific to SUAS operations. Future research needs are discussed to expand on the concept, furthering the capability of the system to support SUAS operations. The Vigilant SUAS surveillance communication concept will enable the safe and efficient integration of SUAS into the NAS.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123879054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits assessment of integrating arrival, departure, and surface operations with ATD-2","authors":"Adltya Saraf, Valerie Sui, Kennis Y. Chan, Natasha Luch, Martin Popish, Evan Lohn, Brandon Huang, B. Levy, M. Rose, H. Balakrishnan, H. Idris","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8101998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8101998","url":null,"abstract":"The combined transit of departure flights from the airport surface, through the terminal airspace and merging into overhead en route traffic streams is a major source of delay in the National Airspace System (NAS). This is especially true in metroplex regions where departures and arrivals from/to multiple, proximate airports compete for limited resources (e.g., mixed-use runways, shared departure-fixes, busy overhead traffic streams). Current-day metroplex traffic management practices lead to multiple shortfalls. Under the Airspace Technology Demonstration — 2 (ATD-2) subproject, NASA plans to address these shortfalls by demonstrating Integrated Arrival, Departure, Surface (IADS) technologies and transitioning them to field-implementation. These technologies aim to increase the predictability, efficiency, and throughput of metroplex operations while meeting future air traffic demand. In order to help with effective transition of ATD-2 tools to the field, NASA needs reliable information regarding the operational shortfalls that ATD-2 can address, its benefit mechanisms and relevant performance metrics as well as high-fidelity benefit-cost estimates of implementing the ATD-2 system at major airports in the NAS. This paper describes the results of modeling, simulation and data analysis work performed in order to develop reliable estimates of the benefits of NASA's ATD-2 concept on a nationwide scale based on high-fidelity, realistic models of ATD-2 performance.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121905320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assured relative and absolute navigation of a swarm of small UAS","authors":"Joel Huff, Adam Schultz, M. U. de Haag","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102070","url":null,"abstract":"Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS) operations are increasing in demand and complexity. Using multiple cooperative sUAS (i.e., a swarm) can be beneficial and is sometimes necessary to perform certain tasks (e.g. precision agriculture, mapping, surveillance) either independent or collaboratively. However, controlling the flight of multiple sUAS autonomously and in real-time in a challenging environment in terms of obstacles and navigation requires highly accurate absolute and relative position and velocity information for all platforms in the swarm. This information is also necessary to effectively and efficiently resolve possible collision encounters between the sUAS. In our swarm, each platform is equipped with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) sensor, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a baro-altimeter and a relative range sensor (range radio). When GNSS is available, its measurements are tightly integrated with IMU and baro-altimeter measurements to obtain the platform's absolute position. At the same time, the raw measurements are exchanged with the other platforms to obtain a highly accurate relative position and velocity solution with integrity. In the presence of GNSS, this relative position and velocity is used to calibrate the range radios. When GNSS is not available due to external factors (e.g., obstructions, interference), the position and velocity estimators switch to an integrated solution based on IMU, baro and relative range measurements, to maintain an accurate relative position estimate, and reduce the drift in the swarm's absolute position estimate as is typical of an IMU-based system. Multiple multi-copter data collection platforms have been developed and equipped with GNSS, inertial sensors and range radios, which were developed at Ohio University. This paper outlines the underlying methodology, the platform hardware components and analyzes and discusses sUAS flight data results.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116921813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semantic data containers for realizing the full potential of system wide information management","authors":"B. Neumayr, E. Gringinger, C. Schuetz, M. Schrefl, Scott Wilson, A. Vennesland","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102002","url":null,"abstract":"In order to unleash the full potential of System Wide Information Management (SWIM), the BEST project (Achieving the Benefits of SWIM by Making Smart Use of Semantic Technologies) proposes the semantic container approach which shields service and application developers from the complexities of data provisioning in Air Traffic Management (ATM). In combination with SWIM, semantic containers facilitate the emergence of a marketplace of value-added information services, and allow for complex derivation chains of data sets. Along these derivation chains, existing data are intelligently filtered and prioritized as well as combined and annotated with additional information.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115098275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flight deck surface trajectory-based operations (STBO): A four-dimensional trajectory (4DT) simulation","authors":"Deborah L. Bakowski, B. Hooey, D. Foyle","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102008","url":null,"abstract":"In four-dimensional trajectory (4DT) Surface Trajectory-Based Operations (STBO), aircraft are assigned a conflict-free 4DT which defines an expected location (x, y coordinates) at all times, t, along the taxi route (with altitude, being fixed). These 4DTs afford the highest temporal certainty at all points along the taxi route, and at the departure runway. In the present study, a 4DT flight deck display was presented on the Airport Moving Map (AMM) to support pilot conformance to a 4DT clearance while taxiing under manual control. This pilot-in-the-loop simulation compared the effect of 4DT flight deck display formats on distance from the expected 4DT location, conformance to the displayed tolerance band, eyes-out time, and pilot ratings of safety and workload. In the defined-tolerance display format, a graphical representation of the expected 4DT location, with a distance-based allowable-tolerance band, was depicted on the AMM. Two defined-tolerance band sizes were tested +/−164 ft and +/−405 ft. In the undefined-tolerance display format, the expected 4DT location was displayed graphically on the AMM, with no indicated allowable-tolerance bounds. Each taxi trial included 4DT speed changes (two or five, per trial) and a range of 4DT taxi speeds. Results showed that the larger (+/−405 ft) defined-tolerance band yielded higher conformance levels than the smaller (+/−164 ft) band, with pilots staying within the specified and displayed conformance bounds more in the larger (99.71%) than the smaller defined-tolerance band (93.37%). However, in terms of being able to predict the location of the aircraft compared to the expected 4DT location, the smaller defined-tolerance band resulted in pilots keeping their aircraft closer to the 4DT location, for both average distance and for a given confidence interval (e.g., 95%), than either the larger defined-tolerance band or the undefined-tolerance display format. The larger tolerance band yielded more “eyes out-the-window” time than the smaller tolerance band. Pilots also rated taxing with the larger tolerance band as safer than the smaller tolerance band.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115290054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sampling-based capacity estimation for unmanned traffic management","authors":"L. Sedov, V. Polishchuk, Vishwanath Bulusu","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8101995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8101995","url":null,"abstract":"The plenary talk at DASC 2016 by Dr. Parimal Kopardekar, the Principal Investigator of NASA UTM program, highlighted understanding the role of volume, noise and spectrum considerations in airspace demand-capacity modeling as the three requests from UTM developers to the avionics research community [1]. This paper proposes initial answers to all three requests, for the case of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) operating in low-altitude uncontrolled airspace above populated areas: we estimate airspace capacity under several metrics centered on traffic volume manageability, drones noise pollution and spectrum demand. Our work aids in bridging regulators and the industry, by providing policy makers with decision support tools which help to quantify technological requirements which the manufacturers must follow in order to ensure seamless operation of small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) in an urban airspace.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122847234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formal modeling of certification processes","authors":"Zamira Daw, E. Eyisi, E. Jahangir, Jeanne Larsen","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102141","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an approach for the formal modeling of certification processes using automatic reasoning in order to optimize the development process and to support business decision making while ensuring compliance with certification standards. The approach consists of combining formal models of the certification standard (what has to be satisfied), and models of the actual development process (how it is satisfied). A contract-based language is used to model the certification process. A SMT solver (Satisfiability Modulo Theories) is used to verify whether the certification is satisfied and to find optimization possibilities. The proposed approach is demonstrated using a case study to model a subset of the certification of a real aircraft cooling system certified under DO-178C. It is anticipated that modeling of the certification standards demonstrated in this case study would help meet the current challenge of creating new standards to certify new technologies.","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128822902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A bio-inspired acoustic sensor system for UAS navigation and tracking","authors":"Rohan Kapoor, S. Ramasamy, A. Gardi, R. Sabatini","doi":"10.1109/DASC.2017.8102080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8102080","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of a bio-inspired navigation system using acoustic sensors is presented and various possible approaches for its effective integration in Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (UAS) are investigated. Acoustic sensors can have useful applications in UAS obstacle detection and localization, especially in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) denied environments. Taking inspiration from echolocating mammals, especially bats, novel navigation techniques are presented employing both multistatic and monostatic acoustic sensors. Laboratory experiments are presented in which a small array of transmitters provides input data to a multilateration receiver. Based on the positive results of these initial experiments, various possible approaches are investigated for integration of the proposed echolocation techniques in a multi-sensor UAS Navigation and Guidance System (NGS) and in an Acoustic Laser Obstacle Avoidance (ALOA) system for Separation Assurance and Collision Avoidance (SA&CA).","PeriodicalId":130890,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122397459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}