{"title":"Development of Fiber Bragg Grating-Based Temperature Insensitive Novel All Optical Tilt Sensor","authors":"Debabrata Paul;Sunil Mohan;Sunil K. Khijwania","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3480327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3480327","url":null,"abstract":"A novel design strategy for the development of FBG based all optical, temperature insensitive tilt sensor is proposed. Response characteristics of the proposed sensor is theoretical analyzed and experimentally established. An excellent sensitivity of 0.0415 nm/°, that can be further tuned to the desired value, along with remarkable accuracy of ±0.024°, extremely low maximum discrepancy of ±0.001 nm and an angular resolution of 0.012° are observed for the sensor. Sensor is also characterized with high degree of reversibility, reliability and repeatability.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"36 23","pages":"1377-1380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boyu Liu;Yao Zhang;Jingyu Lin;Jianliang Zhuo;Kunzhong Lai;Longfang Ye
{"title":"Endfire Gain Enhancement Enabled by a Modified Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna With Metamaterials","authors":"Boyu Liu;Yao Zhang;Jingyu Lin;Jianliang Zhuo;Kunzhong Lai;Longfang Ye","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3480324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3480324","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, an effective method to increase the radiation gain of a Vivaldi antenna is proposed. In the antenna design, tilted parallel slots are etched on both flared radiators to suppress unnecessary broadside radiation through resonance effect and direct the energy predominantly in the end-fire direction. To further reduce the half-power beam width and increase the endfire gain, symmetric double E-shaped metamaterial units are introduced and arranged in a certain order at the end of the antenna without increasing the size. Compared to the traditional Vivaldi antenna, the proposed end-fire antenna demonstrates significant gain enhancement, with peak and average gain enhancements of 3.1 dBi and 2.4 dBi, respectively, across the frequency range of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$13sim 20$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 GHz. To validate the proposed design, a prototype is fabricated and measured, and the experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations. The antenna has good performances of high gain, high efficiency, and compact size, which may have great potential applications in various microwave wireless communication systems.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"36 23","pages":"1385-1388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142517902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inverted Junction VCSEL Arrays Operating at 940 nm With >5 W Employing Tunnel Junction","authors":"Sara Pouladi;Yong Gyeong Lee;Nam-In Kim;Asad Ali;Jaekyun Kim;Younghee Choi;Keon Hwa Lee;Jae-Hyun Ryou","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3478745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3478745","url":null,"abstract":"We develop inverted n-p junction arrayed vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with 875 devices operating at ~940 nm, optimized for high optical output power in sensing applications. Employment of an n-type GaAs substrate prevents performance degradation caused by defects in p-type GaAs substrates. A tunnel junction enables polarity inversion. The inverted n-p VCSEL arrays, which are preferred for circuit design and packaging, are compared with conventional p-n junction VCSEL arrays on an n-type substrate using three-dimensional device modeling and experimental measurements. The optical output power of large-area \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$25times 35$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 VCSEL arrays shows ~5.5 W at \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${I}~approx ~6$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 A. The threshold current density and slopes of the L-I curve of the inverted n-p VCSEL arrays are ~1.2 kA/cm2 and 0.98 W/A, respectively, which are similar to those of reference p-n VCSELs. The inverted n-p arrays demonstrate slightly better electrical performance, higher output power, and power conversion efficiency than p-n, enhancing their potential in voltage-controlled sensing systems. This is the first demonstration of the large-area inverted n-p VCSEL arrays, achieving the highest light output power critical for emerging 3D sensing and LiDAR applications.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"36 23","pages":"1369-1372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142517901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Chang;Jia Guo;Zhongwen Wang;Jialin Cheng;Jiahui Yu;Guocai Song;Jian-Jun He
{"title":"SOA-Integrated Widely Tunable Laser Array for All-Solid Lidar Application","authors":"Kai Chang;Jia Guo;Zhongwen Wang;Jialin Cheng;Jiahui Yu;Guocai Song;Jian-Jun He","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3478811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3478811","url":null,"abstract":"A SOA-integrated widely tunable laser array is proposed and demonstrated in this letter. The semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is coupled to the tunable V-cavity laser through a deeply etched trench. An angled etched facet is used at the output of the SOA, in lieu of an anti-reflection (AR) coating, to effectively attenuate output facet reflection, while keeping the output beam perpendicular to the cleaved chip edge to facilitate external coupling. No complex grating or multiple epitaxial growth is needed. For the individual device, a tuning range of 36.3 nm is achieved by adjusting single electrode current with a side-mode suppression ratio of over 38 dB. A maximum output power of 32 mW at 5 °C is obtained. An array consisting of four SOA-integrated tunable lasers with different bandgaps are realized through three-step quantum well intermixing (QWI), thereby enabling a total tuning range of 103 nm.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"36 23","pages":"1381-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ami Zi;Siyuan Tan;Qiujie Wu;Xiangcheng Chen;Bolin Cai
{"title":"Flexible Event Camera Calibration With Blinking Binary Stripes","authors":"Ami Zi;Siyuan Tan;Qiujie Wu;Xiangcheng Chen;Bolin Cai","doi":"10.1109/LPT.2024.3477614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2024.3477614","url":null,"abstract":"Event cameras report per-pixel brightness changes as a stream of asynchronous events, making them insensitive to the spatial distribution of feature points. Thus, traditional calibration methods, such as checkerboard and circle patterns, are inadequate for precise event camera calibration. Here, we propose an accurate calibration method based on blinking binary stripes to address this limitation. Two binary stripes, which are orthogonal, are displayed on a screen and blink at a specific frequency. The triggered data streams are converted into frames, which are analyzed using the Fourier technique. Thus, the feature points are located from the phase domain, which differs from conventional methods. The superior performance of the proposed method is verified in calibration experiments.","PeriodicalId":13065,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Technology Letters","volume":"36 23","pages":"1357-1360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}