Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental最新文献

{"title":"Becoming More Precise in Psychiatry: Signposts, Destinations, Maps and Territories","authors":"Milica M. Nestorovic, David S. Baldwin","doi":"10.1002/hup.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The metaphorical expression ‘<i>Don't mistake the signpost for the destination</i>’ cautions against the dual pitfalls of becoming over-preoccupied with the details of a route and of being prematurely encouraged by interim way-posts, when undertaking an adventurous journey towards a cherished goal. In psychiatric practice, patients with mental health problems and their attending professionals from varying disciplines still yearn for the targeted discovery and routine implementation of individually tailored approaches, designed to shorten the course of illness and improve other clinical outcomes. This personalised medicine approach, which underpins the ‘precision psychiatry’ movement (Fernandes et al. <span>2017</span>), has the laudable ambition of ‘getting the right treatment to the right patient at the right time’, and has gained additional momentum through the recent publication of the Precision Psychiatry Roadmap (PPR) (Kas et al. <span>2025</span>), constructed by a consortium including patient organisations, clinicians, scientists, industrial representatives and regulatory agencies. Its carefully crafted eight sub-components, five phases (envisaged to occur over at least 15 years) and 10 anticipated future implementation steps together provide a detailed plan, for incorporating biology-informed evidence into symptom-based diagnoses so allowing for the discovery, development and deployment of mechanism-based treatments for patients with mental disorders, designed to be more effective and acceptable than current approaches. So, how useful might such a ‘map’ be?</p><p>It is worth considering two fundamental challenges. First, idioms of psychological distress vary between individuals and across cultures, patients offer psychological complaints to clinicians in variable ways, and health professionals differ in their preferred style in asking direct questions about key symptoms necessary for accurate psychiatric diagnosis. For example, even within a single country, there is worrying variation between mental health services in the comprehensiveness of patient assessment in anxiety and depressive disorders, leading to concerns about the validity and reliability of recorded psychiatric diagnosis (Baldwin et al. <span>2021</span>). In addition, reporting of psychological symptoms is affected by illness-related difficulties in recollection and processing of emotional information (Jongs et al. <span>2022</span>). It seems probable that ‘biology-informed evidence’ could only help to supplement and refine treatment decisions based on symptom-based diagnoses when symptoms are sought and evaluated in a standardised but culturally sensitive manner, through structured clinical interviews and robust psychometric rating scales. Second, whilst the PPR authors rightly acknowledge the importance of evaluating the individual ‘exposome’—which incorporates detailed consideration of personal factors such as socioeconomic status, lived environment, trauma exposure,","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hup.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allopregnanolone Concentrations After Ascending Single Dose Administration of Progesterone to Healthy Volunteers","authors":"Natalie J. Hughes-Medlicott,&nbsp;Hoang Nguyen,&nbsp;Paul Glue,&nbsp;Yoram Barak","doi":"10.1002/hup.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Postpartum depression (PPD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It affects as many as 11.5% of women giving birth. Allopregnanolone (an endogenous progesterone metabolite) has been a promising avenue of clinical research for the treatment of PPD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the pharmacokinetics of allopregnanolone (Allo) following orally dosed progesterone in healthy volunteers. Secondary outcome was calculating the daily dose of progesterone needed to achieve the clinically meaningful concentration of 50 ng/mL Allo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single ascending dose study to measure plasma concentrations of Allo after 200, 400 and 600 mg doses of extended-release progesterone capsules. Secondary outcome was the safety and tolerability of extended-release progesterone capsules.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We recruited 10 participants, 9 male and 1 female, mean (SD) age 38.7 (18.7) years. The maximum plasma concentration (<i>C</i>_max) of Allo was observed at 2 h. A linear relationship was fitted to the observations. Sedation was assessed at baseline, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after each dose. Sedation ratings increased at 1–2 h post-dose after all three progesterone doses, with the greatest increase after the 600 mg dose, and fell subsequently. Vital signs were unchanged, and no other adverse events were reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this single ascending dose study has clarified that 400 mg four times/day of progesterone is required to achieve maximum plasma ALLO concentrations of 50 ng/mL. Tolerability and safety were acceptable for all doses of progesterone tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hup.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Should Non-Prescribed Use of Gabapentinoids be Reduced in Psychiatric Practice?","authors":"Giada Lorenzi,&nbsp;David S. Baldwin","doi":"10.1002/hup.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70010","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Gabapentinoids are a group of medications used for treating patients with a limited range of neurological or psychiatric conditions: some (gabapentin and pregabalin) have entered widespread clinical use, due to their analgesic, anticonvulsant and anxiolytic effects. Licenced indications for these drugs vary across countries: for example, within the United Kingdom (UK), gabapentin does not have a market authorisation for treating patients with psychiatric disorders, although it is licenced for treatment of focal seizures, peripheral neuropathic pain, menopausal symptoms in women with breast cancer, oscillopsia and spasticity in multiple sclerosis, and muscular symptoms in motor neuron disease. By contrast, pregabalin has a license for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and for treating patients with peripheral or central neuropathic pain, and as an adjunctive therapy in patients with focal seizures: however, it is not licenced for GAD within the United States. Since introduction, gabapentin and pregabalin have become often prescribed outside the terms of their market authorisations in many countries: at least half of all gabapentinoid prescriptions in the UK may be ‘off-label’ [Montastruc et al. &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;], and concerns regarding widespread non-prescribed use (with some fatalities) led to their reclassification as Class C controlled substances with accompanying regulations regarding prescriptions, in April 2019. Since this reclassification, further data on potential hazards associated with non-prescribed use of gabapentinoids have accumulated [Baldwin and Masdrakis &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Findings from epidemiological studies and systematic reviews indicate that the prevalence of non-prescribed gabapentinoid use is not insubstantial: for example, in populations without a history of substance misuse the prevalence of non-prescribed use of pregabalin may lie between 0.5% and 8.5% among those dispensed the drug [Schjerning et al. &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;]. A range of risk factors for non-prescribed use for gabapentinoids have been identified: individuals with a history of substance use disorders are at greater risk, particularly those with a history of opiate use or poly-substance use. Other possible risk factors for non-prescribed use include younger age, male sex, a diagnosis of anxiety, access to multiple prescribers, and physical illness including cancer, multiple sclerosis and neuropathy [Driot et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are multiple hazards associated with non-prescribed use of gabapentinoids [Baldwin and Masdrakis &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;]. Non-prescribed ‘overuse’ of gabapentin is associated with increased risks of all-cause and drug-related hospitalisation, particularly if combined with opioids, and pregabalin prescriptions in patients undergoing opioid maintenance therapy may increase all-cause mortality: increased risk of death may result from respiratory depression, prolonged gastrointestinal transit increasing gabapentin conc","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hup.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Intranasal Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Six-Month Real-World Follow-Up Study of Depressive Symptoms, Hopelessness, and Suicide Risk","authors":"Maurizio Pompili,&nbsp;Maria Anna Trocchia,&nbsp;Ludovica Longhini,&nbsp;Eva Dispenza,&nbsp;Cristina Di Legge,&nbsp;Salvatore Sarubbi,&nbsp;Denise Erbuto,&nbsp;Isabella Berardelli","doi":"10.1002/hup.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment-resistant depression is one of the most significant clinical challenges in psychiatric practice. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of intranasal esketamine on depressive symptoms in a real-world outpatient setting. A secondary objective was to explore the potential benefits of intranasal esketamine on hopelessness and suicide risk (suicidal ideation and suicide attempts).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-one patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression were treated with intranasal esketamine. Depressive symptoms (MADRS and BDI), suicide risk (C-SSRS), and hopelessness (BHS) were assessed. We conducted a mixed model for repeated measures analysis to evaluate changes from baseline (T0), 3-month follow-up (T1), and 6-month follow-up (T2).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results indicated that depressive symptoms decreased over time. Specifically, both clinician and self-report measures show lower levels of depressive symptoms at 3-month and 6-month follow-up. We also found a significant decrease in the presence of suicidal ideation between T0 and T2. Finally, patients also reported a reduction in hopelessness levels over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate an overall response regarding depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation after esketamine in treatment-resistant depression at 3-month and 6-month follow-up assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hup.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Scale for Subjective Somatic and Cognitive Complaints of Psychotropic Medication Adult-Aged-Spectrum (SCOPA)","authors":"Levi J. M. Schuurman,&nbsp;Sjacko Sobczak,&nbsp;Julie E. M. Schulkens,&nbsp;Benno P. F. Balter,&nbsp;Sebastiaan P. J. van Alphen","doi":"10.1002/hup.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patient-reported side-effect questionnaires contribute to balanced decisions regarding treatment strategy among patients with mental health disorders. However, current side-effect questionnaires are less suitable for older adults because they often lack age-specific side effects. Therefore, the Scale for Subjective Somatic and Cognitive Complaints of Psychotropic Medication Adult-Aged-Spectrum (SCOPA) was developed to quantify psychotropic side effects across the full adult age spectrum. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the reliability and validity of the SCOPA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Psychometric properties of the SCOPA were assessed in a Dutch patient population (<i>n</i> = 205, age 18–86 years) and a general population (<i>n</i> = 281, age 18–87 years). Reliability of the subscales was measured through average inter-item correlation and Cronbach's alphas. Construct validity was analysed by exploratory factor analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Average inter-item correlation and Cronbach's alphas of the subscales of the SCOPA were moderate to good. Exploratory factor analyses supported a two-factor solution, labelled as complaints in somatic and cognitive domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study showed that the SCOPA has promising psychometric qualities and practical capability to evaluate the side-effect burden of treatment with psychotropic medication across the adult-aged-spectrum. However, more research is needed to cross-validate these results in the field's pursuit of increased patient safety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hup.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zopiclone as a Potent Positive Control for Assessing the Residual Effects of Hypnotic Drugs on Next Day Driving Performance: A Systematic Review","authors":"Sonali Karhana,&nbsp;Samra Hussain,&nbsp;Mohammad Mateen Zehgeer,&nbsp;Mohd. Ashif Khan","doi":"10.1002/hup.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of zopiclone as a potent positive control for the assessment of residual effects of hypnotic drugs on the next day driving performance in clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Online databases and websites were used to conduct a literature search to identify relevant clinical trials encompassing the use of zopiclone as a positive control and the trials examining the residual effects of zopiclone on the next day driving performance. A total of 22 articles were identified and as per the inclusion criteria, 16 were selected for final data retrieval.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average difference in Standard Deviation of Lateral Position (SDLP) between zopiclone and a placebo ranged from 1.6 to 4.74 cm. On average, this difference was about 2.51 cm, indicating significant impairment in driving ability the day after taking zopiclone. Therefore, current studies demonstrate zopiclone administration impairs driving performance, as indicated by increased standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP) values. Additionally, the reported adverse events included somnolence, dyspepsia, fatigue, headache, dizziness, gastrointestinal disorders, and upper respiratory tract problems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Zopiclone can serve as a reliable positive control in future clinical trials assessing the residual effects of hypnotic drugs on next-day driving performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clozapine Once-Versus Multiple-Daily Dosing Regimen: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Jing Ding,&nbsp;Suo Zhang,&nbsp;Huan Xing,&nbsp;Luyao Li","doi":"10.1002/hup.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to its short plasma half-life, clozapine is typically prescribed in a divided dosing regimen. Although once-daily dosing has proven effective in countries such as Japan, South Korea, Canada, and the United States, its adoption in real-world clinical practice in China remains unclear. This study aimed to compare patient characteristics, psychiatric symptoms, side effects, and plasma clozapine concentrations between once-daily and divided dosing regimens, and to determine the dosage required to achieve plasma levels of 350–600 ng/mL in the Chinese population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study at Xi'an Mental Health Center, China, collecting data on clozapine-treated patients from March 2019 to March 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most patients (80% of 198) in the Chinese cohort followed a divided-dose regimen in clinical practice. In the once-daily dosing group, the average plasma clozapine concentration was 158.75 ng/mL, with only 8% of patients reaching the therapeutic window. Conversely, patients on a divided dosing regimen had significantly higher plasma concentrations, averaging 373.34 ng/mL, with 28% within the therapeutic window. The psychiatric symptom remission rate did not differ significantly between the once-daily and divided-dosing groups (50.05% vs. 52.72%, <i>p</i> = 0.718); however, the divided-dosing group experienced a greater variety of adverse effects. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that patients on multiple daily doses require a total daily clozapine dose of 150–250 mg to achieve the target plasma concentration, corresponding to a clozapine concentration-to-dose ratio of 1.4–2.4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chinese clinicians generally adhere to a divided dosing schedule for clozapine when the daily dose exceeds 50 mg. Further prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to evaluate whether once-daily dosing regimens can improve clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Exploring the Short-Term Cognitive and Cerebrovascular Effects of Consuming Peppermint Tea: A Mediation Study","authors":"Luka Netzler,&nbsp;Brian Lovell","doi":"10.1002/hup.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cognitive-enhancing effects of peppermint have been widely reported. Vasodilation, causing an increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the prefrontal cortex, has been implicated as a possible mediator. We tested this here. A total of <i>N</i> = 25 individuals, all aged over 18 years, were recruited via convenience sampling. A randomized, single blind placebo-controlled, independent groups design was used to assess whether groups (peppermint vs. placebo control) could be differentiated with respect to change in cognition, assessed via a computerized battery, and change in cerebral blood flow, assessed with Near-Infrared-Spectroscopy (NIRS), from pre-post intervention. Groups disparities in both cognitive and cerebrovascular change scores (from pre-post intervention) emerged. Improvements in cognitive performance were better in the peppermint group. Increases in hemodynamic activity, indexed by Oxygenated (Oxy-Hb) and Total hemoglobin (Total-Hb), were also greater in the peppermint group. Cerebrovascular changes from pre-to post-intervention were unrelated to cognitive changes over the same period, ruling out mediation effects. In conclusion, 200 mL of peppermint, consumed as tea, effectively boosted cognition and cerebral blood flow in otherwise healthy adults. Increased cerebral blood flow, however, did not mediate the cognitive-enhancing effects of peppermint. Future research incorporating larger samples and exploring other neurophysiological mediators is encouraged.</p>","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hup.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Consumption During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Critical Review","authors":"A. Merlo,&nbsp;P.A. Hendriksen,&nbsp;N.R. Severeijns,&nbsp;J. Garssen,&nbsp;G. Bruce,&nbsp;J.C. Verster","doi":"10.1002/hup.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the impact of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on individuals' alcohol consumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PubMed was searched to identify relevant studies. Articles were included if they provided information on overall (changes in) alcohol consumption, and factors that may influence alcohol consumption including demographics, socioeconomic status, educational background, living situation, and health status. Following screening, 100 articles were identified and included in this review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall findings show no change (51%) or a reduction (23%) in alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, across countries, on average 1 in 4 individuals reported an increase in alcohol consumption (26%), in particular during the COVID-19 lockdown periods. Most common correlates of increased alcohol consumption were being female, having a child at home, higher educational level, and poorer mental health (including higher scores for stress, anxiety and depression).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although overall alcohol consumption was reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic, a considerable subpopulation of drinkers increased their alcohol consumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hup.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline Exposure to Antipsychotic Medication in Young People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: A 2-Year Italian Follow-Up Study","authors":"Lorenzo Pelizza,&nbsp;Alessandro Di Lisi,&nbsp;Emanuela Leuci,&nbsp;Emanuela Quattrone,&nbsp;Derna Palmisano,&nbsp;Simona Pupo,&nbsp;Pietro Pellegrini,&nbsp;Marco Menchetti","doi":"10.1002/hup.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite various models examining baseline factors, predicting outcomes in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) remains challenging. Specifically, neglecting factors like ongoing antipsychotic (AP) medications introduce bias and reduce method precision. The main aim of this research was to determine if the presence of AP prescription at baseline identifies a CHR-P subgroup with worse prognostic outcomes over a 2-year period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A group of 180 FEP individuals (92 CHR-P/AP+, 88 CHR-P/AP−) were evaluated at baseline and after 24 months using the PANSS and GAF scales. Individuals with baseline AP prescription were included in the CHR-P/AP+ subgroup; those not taking APs were grouped as CHR-P/AP−. Univariate Cox regression analysis and mixed-design ANOVA were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 2 years, CHR-P/AP+ had a higher rate of new hospitalization but lower rate of service disengagement. No significant inter-group difference in psychosis transition rate was found. A “time-×-group” interaction effect on longitudinal improvement in PANSS total score was observed in CHR-P/AP+ subjects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is advisable to conduct a more extensive outcome evaluation beyond the psychometric criteria for CHR-P and the mere consideration of psychosis transition. Such an approach would facilitate the identification of specific CHR-P subgroups with divergent prognoses and different AP response.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13030,"journal":{"name":"Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hup.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}