Hygiene and sanitation最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of actual nutrition of schoolchildren at different age periods","authors":"N. V. Tapeshkina, T. D. Logunova, T. G. Korsakova, D. V. Pestereva","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-4-342-348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-4-342-348","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. A healthy, balanced diet can provide the child with nutritional protection from adverse environmental factors and helps to prevent diseases. Lack \u0000of continuity in nutrition at school and at home creates a deficit in the diet supply of nutrients necessary for a growing body. \u0000The purpose of the investigation is to study the actual nutrition of a group of schoolchildren at different age periods (in the dynamics of 10 years). \u0000Materials and methods. Actual nutrition of a group of schoolchildren in the dynamics over 2009 and 2019. The sample consisted of one hundred fifty 7-years children and the same children aged 17 years (124 children). Actual nutrition was studied using menu-layouts (at school) and the method of 24-hour (daily) nutrition reproduction (at home). \u0000Results. With age, there is a more pronounced imbalance in the supply of basic nutrients in the diet, associated with excess consumption of fats (7–25%), lack of carbohydrates, deficiency of dietary fibers (15–20%), a number of minerals (calcium, magnesium, iron) and vitamins (C, B1, B2, A, PP). Average daily food rations are unbalanced. The structure of children’s food sets becomes more irrational with increasing age. Regardless of the period of the study, diets are deficient in the level of consumption of milk, fish, vegetables, and fruits, and excessive in the level of consumption of foods with high energy value. In dynamics, the percentage of children with the recommended level of consumption of poultry is decreasing by 4.3 times, fish – by 3.8 times, milk – by 3 times, fermented milk products – \u0000by 2.6 times, cottage cheese and sour cream – by 2 times, butter and vegetable – 15.4 and 6.8 times, respectively. \u0000Limitations. This study is limited to a sample of a group of schoolchildren studying from the 1st to the 11th grade (in the dynamics with a ten-year interval). \u0000Conclusion. Persistent long-term violations of the basics of a healthy balanced diet by children create a probable risk of developing diseases in children in the future caused by nutritional factors, and can also be predictors of the development of pathological conditions and diseases in adulthood.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141129267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend in indices of public health risk caused by air pollution in an industrial center","authors":"V. Kislitsyna, D. Surzhikov, Yu. S. Likontseva, V. A. Shtaiger","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-4-358-364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-4-358-364","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In industrialized regions and cities, atmospheric air pollution greatly contributes to the hazard for public health. \u0000The study aim was to assess the state of the atmospheric air in the city of Novokuznetsk over 2017–2022 and determine the levels of risks to public health. \u0000Materials and methods. Data on gross atmospheric emissions and average annual concentrations of the substances was taken from the reports on the state of the environment of the Kemerovo region and Novokuznetsk. Maximum permissible concentrations of atmospheric pollutants were determined according to SanPiN 1.2.3685–21. Calculations of the risks to public health were carried out in accordance with Guideline P 2.1.10.1920–04. The classification of risk levels was carried out on the basis of MR 2.1.10.0156–19. 2.1.10. \u0000Results. Decrease in total atmospheric emissions from 2017 to 2022 amounted to 50.1 thousand tons (about 16%). At the same time, there was revealed an excess of the average annual maximum permissible concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene (3.5-11.2 times); formaldehyde (1.7 and 3.4 times over 2021 and 2022, respectively); suspended substances (1.6 and 2.0 times in 2021 and 2022, respectively); hydrogen fluoride (1.2 times in 2021); nitrogen dioxide (1.6 times in 2022). The hazard coefficients of benzo(a)pyrene were 3.5–11.2 (high level of non-carcinogenic risk); formaldehyde and suspended substances – 1.1–3.0 (alarming level). \u0000In 2022, the hazard coefficient for formaldehyde was 3.4 (high risk level), suspended substances – 2.0, nitrogen dioxide – 1.6 (alarming risk level). Hazard indices of pollutants were detected in the range from 7.0 to 20.1 (high level of risk). The main critical organs and systems were the immune system (hazard indices were 4.0–14.6), development during childhood (hazard indices – 3.5–11.2), respiratory organs (hazard indices – 3.0–8.6). These risk levels range from alarming to high. The highest total individual carcinogenic risk (1.6•10–4) was determined in 2021 (alarming level), the main contribution is made by formaldehyde. \u0000Limitations. In 2022, there were no data on carbon (soot) concentrations, so the level of total carcinogenic risk this year cannot be considered to be correct. \u0000Conclusion. Reducing the total volume of atmospheric emissions does not provide a significant effect on improving the environmental situation and public health, since high concentrations of pollutants remain in the city’s atmosphere. When implementing air protection measures, it is necessary to take into account risk criteria.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141129108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of the type of microcirculatory disorders on the development of trophic changes in the skin of the hands in patients with vibration disease","authors":"A. V. Yamshchikova, Nadezhda I. Shumeiko, A. Fleishman, I. Martynov, Tatiana A. Bychkovskaya","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-4-328-332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-4-328-332","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Hypoxia caused by microcirculation disorders in patients with vibration disease leads to changes in the concentration and, accordingly, fluorescence of various biologically active substances-fluorophores in the skin of the hands, which are the markers of trophic disorders. Microcirculation disorders in this category of patients are shown to have a multidirectional character. The study of the effect of the type of microcirculatory changes on the development of trophic disorders in the skin of the hands is relevant for the patients with vibration disease. \u0000The aim of the study was to evaluate the accumulation of biologically active substances based on their fluorescence in the skin of the hands in patients with vibration disease depending on the type and degree of microcirculation disorder. \u0000Materials and methods. Thirty three miners with a proven diagnosis of vibration disease and 15 conventionally healthy men of close age without complaints and never exposed to industrial vibration were examined. Microcirculation was studied using laser Doppler flowmetry, the coefficient of fluorescent contrast of biological tissue was determined applying noninvasive optical tissue fluorescence spectroscopy. \u0000Results. The multidirectional types of microcirculation disorders in the extremities in vibration disease were revealed. Regardless of the direction of microcirculatory disorders, occurred hypoxia leads to the accumulation of biologically active substances - markers of trophic skin changes, as well those involved in antioxidant protection. A reliable gain in the fluorescence of these substances was noted in both hyperemic and spastic disorders, more significant in the hyperemic type. \u0000Limitations. The study was limited to assessing the microcirculation types and fluorescent contrast of biological tissues in 33 patients with vibration disease and in 15 conventionally healthy subjects who had never worked under the conditions of exposure to industrial vibration. \u0000Conclusion. Changes in the trophism of the skin of the hands in patients with vibration disease develop as a result of chronic hypoxia, which is the main pathophysiological link of angiodistonic syndrome, regardless of the direction of microcirculatory disorders, however, the hyperemic type can be conditionally considered more unfavourable with respect to the development of trophic skin disorders.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141129307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hygienic aspects of mortality of the population of an industrial city","authors":"E. Ovchinnikova, A. S. Kolchin, AS Kriga, O. Plotnikova, N. Shirinskaya","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-227-233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-227-233","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The target indicators of the Federal Project “Clean Air” include a reduction in emissions of chemical pollutants by at least 20%. However, the main socially significant goal remains to improve the medical and demographic situation by reducing environmental and hygienic health risks. \u0000The purpose of the study was to preliminary assess the reserves for reducing mortality in the city of Omsk by identifying the most unfavourable territories in terms \u0000of atmospheric air quality and identify priority chemicals, presumably causing negative trend in mortality. \u0000Materials and methods. To assess the quality of atmospheric air in the city of Omsk, the results of social and hygienic monitoring, environmental monitoring \u0000of Federal Service of Russia on Hydrometeorology and Monitoring of the Environment (RosGidromet) for the multi-year period over 2009–2022 were used. \u0000An analysis of the mortality rate of the population of Omsk for 2017–2022 was carried out. The data were studied in the context of municipal districts of the city of Omsk and in dynamics. Statistical methods were used in the study: ANOVA, correlation analysis, assessment of relative mortality risks. \u0000Results. The relative risk (RR) of mortality for persons living in the most polluted areas of the city is 23–25% higher than in conditionally clean areas. Strong positive associations have been established: between the levels of actual total mortality and the specific gravity of atmospheric air samples exceeding the maximum single limit concentrations (R = 0.86; p < 0.05); between perennial average annual carbon monoxide concentrations and standardized rates of total mortality \u0000(R = 0.93; p<0.05) and male mortality rates from all natural causes (R = 0.89; p<0.05). \u0000Limitations. The study is limited to the statistical research methods used. \u0000Conclusion. The results of the study can become the basis for more efficient use of administrative resources in municipal districts of the city. As additional reserves for reducing mortality, the development of primary prevention measures at the outpatient level is important. It is necessary to optimize methodological approaches in the health control system of the population living in risk areas with developed industry.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"2019 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive hygienic assessment of ambient air pollution in the area of food and processing industry enterprises’ location","authors":"Olga A. Budarina, Zulfiya F. Sabirova, Svetlana V. Skovronskaya, N. S. Dodina, Aleksandra A. Kokhan, Alla G. Malysheva","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-198-207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-198-207","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to assess atmospheric air pollution in a city where food and processing enterprises operate using a complex of instrumental, olfacto-odourimetric, calculated, and survey methods. \u0000Materials and methods. Analytical studies of ambient air pollution were performed using the FOCUS GC-DSQ-II chromatography-mass spectrometer. Olfacto-odourimetric studies of the presence and intensity of odour in the area of the enterprises were carried out in accordance with the method of organoleptic control downwind at various distances from sources. The measurement of the odour level at the discharge of the coffee extract spray dryer was carried out by dynamic olfactometry on the ECOMA TO-8 olfactometer. The calculation of odour dispersion was implemented according to a program using a methodology for calculating concentrations of harmful substances in ambient air. \u0000Results. It was established that at the time of the research, the source of a persistent specific odour reaching the residential area was a coffee production enterprise. Up to seventy eight volatile organic compounds in concentrations not exceeding hygienic standards have been identified in the ambient air in the area of the enterprise’s location. Field olfacto-odorimetric studies and the conducted dispersion calculation indicate an offensive odour to be capable of causing “annoyance” to the population (3 points or higher with a probability of ≥ 5% according to the results of field studies or ≥ 3.5 OU (odour units) according to the calculation results) spreads up to 4 km from the main source of emissions. \u0000Limitations. The main limitation of the study is the peculiarities of the operating mode of different enterprises, which makes it difficult to fully assess the environmental situation in the area of their location at the time of the research. \u0000Conclusion. The results of these studies indicate the use of various methodological approaches (field olfacto-odorimetric measurements, calculation of odour dispersion), along with conducting population surveys, to significantly expand the possibilities of instrumental analysis for an objective assessment of ambient air pollution by complex multicomponent mixtures of odorous substances.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"477 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational prevalence rates in metallurgists in the Sverdlovsk Region","authors":"V. Gazimova","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-253-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-253-257","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The previous analysis conducted for 2003–2022 showed ferrous industry employing over twenty five thousand people to make the most contribution to occupational disease incidence rates in the Sverdlovsk Region since 68.6 % of its workers are affected by industrial exposures above occupational safety standards. The purpose of the study was the analysis of occupational disease incidence in workers of a ferrous metal processing plant of the Sverdlovsk Region and assessment of the impact of adverse factors of the work environment and industrial processes on its rates. \u0000Materials and methods. Long-term occupational disease incidence in workers of the ferrous metal processing plant has been analyzed by the causative agent, nosology, age, gender, and job. Data of the reporting form No. 1-T (working conditions) for the study period have been scrutinized; comparative data evaluation by working conditions and occupational disease incidence rates has been made. \u0000Results. High incidence rates of work-related diseases in the metallurgists indicate to a significant proportion (70 %) of them to be exposed to occupational hazards. The established 20-year rate at the enterprise was 5.6 and 1.6 times higher than the regional and Russian averages in this industry, respectively. Increased gas and dust levels in the workplace air remain the leading health risk factors in ferrous metallurgy. \u0000Limitations. The limitation of this study was the lack of annual data on workers by job preventing calculation of job-specific disease incidence rates per 10 thousand workers. \u0000Conclusion. Despite the substantial modernization of the metallurgical complex, metal processing technology still does not comply with safety standards, thus requiring the development and implementation of science-based preventive measures aimed at maintaining workers’ health.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"208 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of chronic stress on the degree of acrylamide toxicity in rats","authors":"A.A. Gizatullina, N. Khusnutdinova, D. D. Karimov, D. A. Smolyankin, Yana V. Valova, D. Karimov, Guzel F. Muhammadieva, E. F. Repina, A. R. Akhmadeev","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-258-265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-258-265","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Chronic stress plays an important role in the development of a wide range of mental, somatic and behavioural disorders, and therefore is a risk factor for the health in living organisms. A negative effect on the state of the nervous system is also observed when the body is poisoned with acrylamide, which is a substance of the second class of danger and is considered toxic and carcinogenic. Exposure of the body to mental and toxic stressors leads to autonomic and neuroendocrine activation, which, in turn, manifests itself as special behavioural patterns. \u0000The purpose of the experiment was to assess the effect of chronic stress on the degree of acrylamide toxicity in rats. \u0000Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on white outbred rats with an average weight of 200 g of both sexes (n=60), which were evenly distributed into five groups: negative control, chronic stress, acrylamide, acrylamide + treatment, acrylamide + chronic stress. Throughout the study, the animals were kept under standard conditions with 12 hours of artificial lighting during the day, a relatively constant level of humidity (30–70%) and an air temperature of 20–25 °C. Behavioural tests were conducted once a week for one calendar month using a 40×40 hole board, a multifunctional cage to assess general activity, and an elevated plus maze with an ANY-maze video tracking system. Biochemical parameters were assessed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. \u0000Results. Analysis of behaviour on a board with holes did not reveal statistically significant results (H=8.987; p=0.061). When comparing vertical and horizontal motor activity between groups, statistically significant differences were found (p<0.05). AST levels were higher in the stress groups, while cholesterol levels in the same groups were lower (p<0.05). \u0000Limitations. Laboratory animals of only one biological species were used for the experiment. The toxicant was used only in one concentration. \u0000Conclusion. Chronic stress may influence on acrylamide toxicity in rats to a certain extent.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"1985 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil pollution of the city with machine-building production by heavy metals and arsenic and epidemiological risk to public health","authors":"A. Martsev, O. Selivanov, Yuri N. Kurbatov, T. Trifonova","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-208-215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-208-215","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The paper presents the results of a study for the assessment of the epidemiological risk to public health and the level of soil contamination with heavy metals and arsenic in the city of Kovrov, a large industrial center of the Vladimir region. \u0000Materials and methods. The objects of the study are the morbidity in the population of the Kovrovsky district of the Vladimir region and the soil cover of the city of Kovrov, whose industrial enterprises specialize in the production of machine-building products. Soil samples were taken in the area of industrial enterprises, highways, and residential areas. The soil cover was examined by X-ray fluorescence method to determine the content of heavy metals and arsenic. \u0000Results. The conducted study on the assessment of probable risk allowed establishing in the Kovrov district, relative to background regional values, children to have a very high risk for 10 classes of diseases, adults have a very high risk for 6 classes of diseases. Contamination of the Carpet city soil with heavy metals and arsenic has been established. The priority pollutants of the Kovrov soil are zinc, lead and arsenic, which belong to the first hazard class. There was a significant variation in the content of heavy metals within both industrial and residential zones. Extremely dangerous chemical contamination of the soil with heavy metals has been detected. The assessment of the level of chemical soil pollution, as an indicator of adverse effects on public health, showed the residential part of the city, where most of the residents live, to be located in the zone of moderately dangerous or dangerous category of soil pollution. \u0000Limitations. The limitations of the study are related to one-time sampling and a small number of reference sites, which limits the possibilities of a broader interpretation of the data obtained. \u0000Conclusion. The unfavourable state of the soil cover in the residential area of Kovrov requires the manaagement and conducting constant ecological and hygienic monitoring of this territory. To reduce pollutants in particular, heavy metals, entering the soil of the city and, it is necessary to improve the system for cleaning gas-air emissions of machine-building enterprises of the city, as well as to ensure the effective arrangement of sanitary protection zones. To reduce the content of heavy metals in the soil, it is necessary to carry out measures to detoxify contaminated soils.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of antibiotics of the tetracycline group in water by high-performance liquid chromatography on a diode matrix detector with preliminary concentration by solid-phase extraction","authors":"Larisa P. Nekrasova, Oksana Ju. Kuleshova","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-266-272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-266-272","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Antibiotic contamination of the environment is a serious environmental threat that poses a hazard to human health. To monitor the content of tetracycline antibiotics in environmental objects and control technological processes aimed at their disposal, accessible analytical methods are needed. \u0000Purpose of the study. Development of a method for determining antibiotics of the tetracycline group in water using a diode array detector with preliminary solid-phase concentration. \u0000Material and methods. The objects of the study were model solutions of minocycline, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, demeclocycline, metacycline, and doxycycline in deionized, tap, natural, and treated wastewater. For solid-phase extraction, Diapak P and Diapak PG cartridges were used. SPE was performed using a VacMaster-10 manifold (Biotage). Chromatographic separation was carried out on Diasphere C10CN and Kromasil Eternity 250 × 4.6 mm 5 µm columns on an Agilent 1100 liquid chromatograph (Agilent Technology). \u0000Results. Optimal conditions for the chromatographic separation of minocycline, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, demeclocycline, metacycline, and doxycycline were selected: isocratic mode, wavelength of 350 nm, mobile phase – acetonitrile: aqueous solution of phosphoric acid (pH = 3.0). The analysis time on Diasphere C10CN and Kromasil Eternity columns was 12 and 14 minutes, respectively. The reliability of the linear approximation in both cases was more than 0.99, however, the slopes on the Kromasil Eternity column were 1.35 –1.65 times higher than on Diasphere C10CN. The degree of extraction of tetracyclines from deionized water on Diapak P and Diapak PG cartridges was 90–95%, from tap water 61–89%, from purified waste water: 51–87%. \u0000Limitations. The method is not suitable for water bodies with tetracycline contents less than 2 µg/dm3. \u0000Conclusion. An HPLC method has been developed for the determination of minocycline, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, demeclocycline, metacycline, and doxycycline in water with preliminary SPE concentration on Diapak P and Diapak PG cartridges. The lower limit of determination for the sorption of target compounds from 0,1 dm3 of sample was 2 μg/dm3.","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning for public wellness: optimizing hygiene practices and pollution monitoring in smart cities","authors":"Ramanathan Udayakumar","doi":"10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-216-222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-3-216-222","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Public health in urban areas is of paramount importance, particularly in the context of smart cities where technology plays a vital role. The integration of sophisticated infrastructure and data-driven systems in smart cities has the potential to significantly enhance public health outcomes. This improvement hinges on optimizing various factors, especially in the realms of hygiene standards and pollution monitoring. The ability to adhere to stringent hygiene procedures and closely monitor pollutants is essential for mitigating health risks in densely populated urban environments. As metropolitan areas become increasingly complex, there is a pressing need to prioritize the optimization of these processes. \u0000Materials and Methods. To address the challenges associated with public health optimization in smart cities, this study introduces Optimized Public Wellness using Machine Learning (OPWML). OPWML employs advanced machine learning techniques to augment hygiene protocols and pollution surveillance in smart urban areas. The proposed approach incorporates real-time validation, enhanced data-collecting efficiency, intelligent intervention impact, and increased throughput. The methodology aims to streamline processes and overcome the limitations of current approaches, providing more precise and prompt outcomes. \u0000Results. Simulation findings demonstrate the superior performance of OPWML compared to other methods. The average estimate accuracy achieved by OPWML is 86.76%, showcasing its efficacy in delivering accurate results. Real-time validation latency is notably low at 12.99 ms, indicating the system’s responsiveness. With a data collection efficiency of 22.96 GB/hour, OPWML demonstrates its ability to efficiently gather relevant data. The smart intervention impact of 33.20% underscores the system’s effectiveness in implementing intelligent interventions. Additionally, the throughput of 314.67 kbps signifies the high processing capacity of OPWML. \u0000Limitations. While OPWML exhibits promising results, it is essential to acknowledge certain limitations in this study. The simulation-based nature of the findings may not fully capture real-world complexities. Additionally, the generalizability of the results to diverse urban contexts requires further investigation. Limitations such as data privacy concerns and potential technological barriers should also be considered when implementing OPWML in practical settings. \u0000Conclusion. In conclusion, Optimized Public Wellness using Machine Learning (OPWML) emerges as a powerful tool for transforming public health processes in smart cities. The study highlights OPWML’s capacity to significantly enhance hygiene protocols and pollution surveillance, ensuring a healthier and environmentally sustainable urban setting. While acknowledging certain study limitations, the overall outcomes emphasize the potential of OPWML in revolutionizing public health practices and contributing to the well-being of urban pop","PeriodicalId":13009,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and sanitation","volume":"499 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}