2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)最新文献

{"title":"Micro-Architectural support for High Availability of NoC-based MP-SoC","authors":"Ritika Singh, Shashank Vijaya Ranga, Swarali Patil, M. Krishna, Mitsu Mehta, M. Anoop, S. Nandy, C. Haldar, R. Narayan, Francois Neumann, P. Baufreton","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081632","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we focus on increasing the availability of Multi-Processor System on Chip (MP-SoC) for executing user applications, even when some components of the system are faulty. A Network-on-Chip (NoC) provides high bandwidth communication substrate for the multitude of components/modules in such MP-SoCs. Health of such MP-SoC, and hence its availability, is largely dependent on the health of the NoC. We consider an NoC comprising a bidirectional toroidal mesh interconnection of routers. We use a distributed built-in-self-test to identify faulty communication links. We use information so obtained to determine healthy subsystems that can be made available for executing user applications. This feature is key for enhancing availability of MP-SoCs. We realize this feature as a micro-architectural enhancement in MP-SoC that incurs an insignificant hardware overhead of less than 2%. Latency incurred for analyzing availability of MP-SoC is also insignificant. We functionally validate our proposal by emulating the system on a FPGA device and demonstrate increase in availability of the MP-SoC.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128310066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Based Spectrum Hole Detection for Cognitive Radio Communication","authors":"Zhengjia Xu, I. Petrunin, A. Tsourdos, Shahid Ayub","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081799","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel learning based (LB) solution for detection and quantification of spectrum holes in periodic communications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), Instead of hypothesis testing after implementation of spectrum sensing methods, the implemented LB solution based on spectral correlation function (SCF) uses region convolutional neural network (R-CNN) for extracting quantitative parameters of the spectrum holes. The proposed LB approach is implemented using GoogLeNet architecture for the wide band detection in the scenario of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system with the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel model. The simulation of single input single output (SISO) communication system with spectrum holes is presented. Examples of wide band detection results for both SISO and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems are shown and the proposed LB detector is found to be fairly accurate in identification of spectrum holes. By analyzing the training performance, the GoogLeNet architecture, along with its hyperparameter configurations and training dataset is validated. We also demonstrated that our LB detector is resilient to the AWGN environment by analyzing the precision and recall curves, average precision and mean relative error (MRE) versus signal noise ratio (SNR).","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129057704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Abnormal Flight Monitoring Implementation Employing CMU Database Customization","authors":"Guihong Wen, Zhe Zhang, Xiaoguang Lu, Ping Han, Wanwei Wang","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081712","url":null,"abstract":"After the crash of Air France flight AF447 and the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines flight MH370, the Global Flight Tracking (GFT) has been suggested to be pursued as a matter of priority to provide early notice of and response to abnormal flight behaviors. The importance of flight operation monitoring has also been emphasized for its enabling capability of alerting airlines operation control (AOC) units for abnormal event occurrence in early stage, and hence appropriate support and/or operation risk mitigation can be provided to the pilots. In this paper, a monitoring method using ACARS for abnormal operations during a flight is developed. The implemented triggering logics for the abnormal events include go-around, aborted take-off, airborne holding and excessive descending rate. These triggering logics are implemented by using communication management unit (CMU) user database customization. Validations in airlines' routine operations show that the proposed method is a cost-effective solution for flight operation monitoring while taking full advantage of the fleet's existing avionics.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129476009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Flight Efficiency for Stockholm Arlanda Airport Arrivals","authors":"Anastasia Lemetti, Tatiana Polishchuk, Raúl Sáez, X. Prats","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081751","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of punctuality of airport arrivals, as well as identification of causes of the delays within transition airspace, is an important step in evaluating performance of the Terminal Maneuvering Area (TMA) Air Navigation Services: without knowing the current performance levels, it is difficult to identify which areas could be improved. Deviations from the flight plans is one of the major reasons for arrival delays. In this work, we evaluate punctuality of Stockholm Arlanda airport arrivals and quantify the impact of the deviations from the flight plans on the fuel burn. Another reason of fuel waste is non-optimal vertical profiles during the descent phase. We evaluate additional fuel burn due to vertical flight inefficiency within Stockholm TMA.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124181987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of RADAR Altimeter-Aided GPS for Precision Approach using Flight Test Data","authors":"Andrew Videmsek, M. U. de Haag, Timothy Bleakley","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081778","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the use of a downward facing RADAR Altimeter (RALT) as an augmentation to the Global Positioning System (GPS) for precision approach and landing of Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA). This architecture, known as RALT Aiding, aims to improve the accuracy, integrity, and continuity of the GPS position solution to meet the stringent navigational requirements of a Category (CAT) IIIb landing. This method improves the position solution by incorporating the additional range measurement provided by the RALT into the measurement equation used to solve the aircraft's position and aircraft's protection levels. This system is of high interest for RPAs as all currently approved and in development coupled autoland systems, such as the Instrument Landing System (ILS) and Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS), are reliant on navigational aids located on the airport's grounds. Successful integration into the National Airspace System (NAS) requires these aircraft to be capable of fully coupled autoland at many airports. The most feasible way to achieve this is to develop a navigational system independent of ground aids. This paper extends work previously performed on RALT Aiding by the authors and compares the previous simulation results to results based on collected flight data. The flight test data used for the evaluation in this paper comes from various flight tests in which Ohio University has been involved. The flight tests took place at multiple airports, using multiple different commercially available RALT units. The airplane-airport combinations included in this study are Gulfstream V-Reno airport (NV) and DC3-Ohio University airport (OH).","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127669039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usage of Machine Learning Algorithms in Flexible Use of Airspace Concept","authors":"Emre Osman Birdal, Serdar Üzümcü","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081654","url":null,"abstract":"Civil Aviation Authorities (CAA), Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSP) and Military Forces share the common airspace and operate regarding their own needs. With an effective usage of airspace which is the use of military restricted and limited zones for civil flights, national boundaries without constraints will be decreased the cost of fuel of aircrafts, increase the airspace capacity and lead to less time consumption for flights. Implementation of Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA) concept to national Air Traffic Management in three levels that ICAO and EUROCONTROL determined in their standards is considered as a complete system solution that is now available in various countries. The FUA concept is based on Level-1 Strategic, Level-2 Pre-tactical and Level-3 Tactical levels. After civil and military organizations determined their strategic requirements according to the Level-1 Strategic Management of Airspace, Level-2 and Level-3 activities could be achieved based on this high-level requirements using by advanced technologies. In Level-1 Strategic Management of Airspace level, machine-learning algorithms are used for ensuring the reliability and availability of services to get continuous and daily allocation readiness for Level-2 and Level-3 activities. Actual and historical data of the flights and airspace information gathered from civil and military parts of the concept can be used as an input of machine learning training for development of the Level-1 Strategical Management of Airspace proposed application. When the rules from the Level-l implemented on the training data, FUA specified computers start categorizing the FIRs as per capacity, traffic density, weather conditions, fuel consumption, distance and time characteristics of routes and proposed applications start learning how to allocate airspace according to predetermined user requirements. Machine Learning algorithms will be used as an assistant for Flight Planning and it leads to optimize air traffic management. The output of the Level-1 Strategic Management of Airspace proposed application is ready to use for Air Traffic Controllers to achieve Level-2 and Level-3 Management of Airspace activities.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126002642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of BS-MAC and C-MAC for WAIC","authors":"Yuanjun Zuo, Qiao Li, Huagang Xiong, Guangshan Lu","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081690","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of research and application in wireless avionics intra-communications (WAIC) and future requirements for efficiency and flexibility, it is important to choose the right mechanism for a wireless aircraft application. The medium access control (MAC) layers are in charge of the organization of resources, scheduling and user access control policies to a common wireless medium. MAC design are also relevant for an optimum performance of WAICs. For avionics, it will make sense to research which access technology fits better the specific requirements. MAC using Chinese remainder theorem (C-MAC) offer lowpower consumption while maintaining low packet latency for large-scale cluster-based wireless avionics network (WAN). C-MAC performs better than existing TDMA-based MAC protocols, BMA and EMAC, in terms of power consumption and average packet latency. Besides several MAC protocol for WAN, Bitmap-assisted shortest job first based MAC (BS-MAC) is an adaptive time division multiple access based MAC protocol for hierarchical WAN. BS-MAC uses small size time slots, the number of which is more than the number of member nodes, that handle adaptive traffic loads of all members in an efficient manner. More specifically, shortest job first (SJF) algorithm is used to schedule time slots to reduces node's job completion time and to minimize the average packet delay of nodes, and short node address is adopted to identify members nodes to reduces the control overhead and makes the proposed scheme an energy efficient. This paper introduces the basic principles of BS-MAC protocol in details, compares it with the properties of the C-MAC protocol. In particular, we first detail the main specifications for WAIC, and discuss pros and cons of the two protocol versus the avionics requirements. Then we compared throughput, energy efficiency and time delay between BS-MAC and C-MAC through simulations. Finally, we analyze which of the two MACs offers more efficiency and flexibility for the requirements of WAIC.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132523645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welcome to the 38th Digital Avionics Sysytems Conference","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/dasc43569.2019.9081627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dasc43569.2019.9081627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130099030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OpenSky Report 2019: Analysing TCAS in the Real World using Big Data","authors":"Matthias Schäfer, X. Olive, Martin Strohmeier, Matthew Smith, I. Martinovic, Vincent Lenders","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081686","url":null,"abstract":"Collision avoidance is one of the most crucial applications with regards to the safety of the global airspace. The introduction of mandatory airborne collision avoidance systems has significantly reduced the likelihood of mid-air collisions despite the increase in air traffic density. In this paper, we analyze 250 billion aircraft transponder messages received from 126,700 aircraft by the OpenSky Network over a two-week period. We use this data to quantify equipage and usage aspects of Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) as it is working in the real world. We furthermore provide an overview of the methods used by OpenSky to collect, decode and store this data for use by other researchers and aviation authorities. We observe that around 89.5% of the ADS-B-equipped aircraft have an operational TCAS. We further analyze the concrete usage of TCAS by examining several case studies where a loss of separation between aircraft has happened.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130256011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tactical Scheduler for Surface Metering under Minimum Departure Interval Restrictions","authors":"Yeonju Eun, Daekeun Jeon, Hyounkyoung Kim, Y. Jung, Hanbong Lee, Zhifan Zhu, Vaishali Hosagrahara","doi":"10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC43569.2019.9081701","url":null,"abstract":"Minimum Departure Interval (MDI) and Miles-In-Trail (MIT) are common traffic management tools. They both require minimum separation between departures to meet specific traffic conditions. The MDI restriction is a time separation requirement between departures, usually on the same Standard Instrument Departure (SID), whereas the MIT restriction is a distance separation requirement between aircraft, including but not limited to departure flights, to meet specific criteria associated with flight path or destination. At Incheon International Airport (IATA code: ICN) in South Korea, MDIs are imposed on 92% of departure flights. They involve specific criteria including not only having identical SID, but also satisfying other conditions, imposed on the flight path and destination. To address complicated MDI constraints, Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) has been developing and improving a tactical scheduler for surface metering at ICN to provide appropriate target times for pushbacks and takeoffs for departure flights under MDIs. This paper describes the MDI requirements at ICN, the development of a heuristic scheduling algorithm to work with the MDI restrictions, and the performance evaluation of the algorithm through fast-time simulations. The performance evaluation results indicate that the proposed heuristic algorithm can provide the surface metering schedules that comply with the MDI restrictions without significant performance degradation.","PeriodicalId":129864,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130291463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}