Health Security最新文献_第7页

Balancing Public Health and Privacy: South Korea's Infectious Disease Laws Post-MERS and COVID-19. 平衡公共卫生和隐私：mers和COVID-19后的韩国传染病法。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2024.0059

Sungmin Park

{"title":"Balancing Public Health and Privacy: South Korea's Infectious Disease Laws Post-MERS and COVID-19.","authors":"Sungmin Park","doi":"10.1089/hs.2024.0059","DOIUrl":"10.1089/hs.2024.0059","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates South Korea's legislative amendments related to infectious disease after the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak and how they were applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant legal case after the 2015 MERS outbreak highlighted the government's liability due to inadequate response, which led to amendments in the Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Act. Key revisions included changes to epidemiological investigations, information disclosure, and requests to provide information. This study reviews the application of these amendments during COVID-19, focusing on related litigation and Korean courts' decisions. Additionally, it examines South Korea's efforts after COVID-19, which aim to balance effective infectious disease responses with personal information protection, incorporating lessons from past outbreaks. The study concludes that continuous legal and systemic improvements focused on the specific circumstances are crucial for managing future infectious disease crises, highlighting the need for a legal framework that maximizes the beneficial aspects of being able to curb the spread of infectious disease while minimizing the problematic issue of personal information infringement.","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":" ","pages":"358-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemic-Ready Primary Healthcare and the Application of 7-1-7 Metrics: A Case Study on a Measles Outbreak in Sierra Leone, January to March 2024. 预防流行病的初级卫生保健和7-1-7指标的应用：以2024年1月至3月塞拉利昂麻疹疫情为例

IF 1.6 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1177/23265094251384635

Oliver Eleeza, Amy Elizabeth Barrera-Cancedda, Ronald R Mutebi, Amon Njenga, Mohamed A Vandi, Stacey Mearns, AbdulRaheem Yakubu, Mame Toure, Susan Michaels-Strasser

{"title":"Epidemic-Ready Primary Healthcare and the Application of 7-1-7 Metrics: A Case Study on a Measles Outbreak in Sierra Leone, January to March 2024.","authors":"Oliver Eleeza, Amy Elizabeth Barrera-Cancedda, Ronald R Mutebi, Amon Njenga, Mohamed A Vandi, Stacey Mearns, AbdulRaheem Yakubu, Mame Toure, Susan Michaels-Strasser","doi":"10.1177/23265094251384635","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23265094251384635","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in health systems' abilities to detect, report, and respond to threats. Inadequate preparedness led to healthcare worker infections, essential service disruptions, and impacts on communities. Primary healthcare (PHC) is often overlooked in health security initiatives. Epidemic Ready Primary Health Care (ERPHC) is an initiative that strengthens PHC facilities to prevent, detect, and respond to outbreaks, while maintaining essential services. ICAP at Columbia University, the Sierra Leone Ministry of Health, and Resolve to Save Lives is implementing a multiyear ERPHC project in Sierra Leone. We conducted a retrospective data review of 52 confirmed measles cases across 4 PHC facilities from January to March 2024. Data are presented using an adapted 7-1-7 quality improvement approach for detection and notification to evaluate the key tenants of ERPHC: speed, safety, and surge. Out of the 52 confirmed cases, 98% and 100% met the first \"7\" and \"1\" for detection and notification. Immediate case management and safety actions were completed for all 52 cases. None of the facilities were able to implement 2 readiness parameters for surge: sufficient supplies and referral pathways. Key bottlenecks included patient late presentation to health facilities, delayed notification via the electronic case-based surveillance system, inadequate personal protective equipment availability, and no updated referral pathways. These results underscore the need to scale and implement ERPHC in PHC facilities using adapted 7-1-7 metrics. Healthcare worker safety, increased community engagement, national supply chain mechanism strengthening, and established patient referral pathways need to be the foci of further health security investment in Sierra Leone.","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":" ","pages":"369-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145274158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The BWC at 50: Envisioning the Next 50 Years of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. 《禁止生物武器公约》50周年：展望《生物及毒素武器公约》下一个50年。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/23265094251387593

Matthew P Shearer, Amanda K Mui, Alanna S Fogarty, Rachel A Vahey

引用次数: 0

Past and Future Utilities of Biological Weapons. 生物武器的过去和未来用途。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1177/23265094251387129

James Revill

引用次数: 0

Sunlight is the Best Disinfectant: Open-Source Monitoring of the BWC. 阳光是最好的消毒剂：《生物武器公约》的开源监测。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/23265094251387125

Eva K Siegmann

{"title":"Sunlight is the Best Disinfectant: Open-Source Monitoring of the BWC.","authors":"Eva K Siegmann","doi":"10.1177/23265094251387125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23265094251387125","url":null,"abstract":"In the absence of formal inspection protocols, states parties of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) continue to trade unsubstantiated accusations undermining confidence in the BWC and fueling geopolitical distrust. This commentary argues that open-source intelligence (OSINT) offers a vital, albeit imperfect, solution to enhance BWC compliance in this environment. It also discusses 2 primary ways OSINT can contribute. First, by providing transparent, verifiable evidence to support or refute compliance allegations, OSINT can mitigate credibility challenges associated with state-issued intelligence. This is made possible by ever-expanding publicly available data streams from high-resolution satellite imagery to publication and patent databases and publication records. Second, OSINT empowers civil society organizations to monitor bioscience activities, expose suspected violations, and exert public pressure for accountability. Although OSINT cannot fully substitute for onsite inspections or confirm intent, embracing OSINT as both a technical resource and an advocacy tool offers a practical pathway to strengthen BWC compliance and reinforce the norm against biological weapons.","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":"23 5","pages":"335-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145367914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blockchain in Biosecurity: A Case Study for Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention. 生物安全：加强《生物武器公约》的案例研究。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/23265094251381802

Shawn J Kim, Vanak Huot, Vivian Neilley

{"title":"Blockchain in Biosecurity: A Case Study for Strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention.","authors":"Shawn J Kim, Vanak Huot, Vivian Neilley","doi":"10.1177/23265094251381802","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23265094251381802","url":null,"abstract":"New verification approaches are needed to strengthen compliance and build transparency under the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC). This study considers how blockchain technology could support laboratory oversight by addressing issues like data integrity, traceability, and secure data sharing in facilities handling sensitive biological materials. Low submission rates of confidence building measures currently limit the impact of the BWC. Blockchain's decentralized, tamper-resistant ledger brings security and openness critical for international collaboration in biosecurity. Using blockchain, laboratories can establish unalterable records that build accountability and trust among stakeholders while lowering the risk of data manipulation. This system also supports cooperative investigations under Article V of the BWC by providing a secure platform for sharing sensitive biological data between states. Key benefits include more substantial information reliability, better control over access, and the ability to trace biological materials' origins and uses, helping distinguish lawful activities from illicit ones. These improvements support BWC compliance by allowing for selective and privacy-conscious data sharing. Challenges such as scalability, technical training, balancing data security with transparency, and securing long-term funding must be addressed through thoughtful planning and cooperation. As BWC member states seek stronger compliance measures, integrating blockchain provides a solution that could significantly support global biosecurity over the next 50 years.","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":" ","pages":"306-313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing the BWC Through Scientific Communities and Networks of New Actors in the Era of Emerging Science and Technology. 在新兴科技时代，通过科学界和新行为体网络加强《生物武器公约》。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1177/23265094251387073

Yuhan Bao, Kirsten A Angeles, Delfina Fernandes Hlashwayo, Ketan Thorat, Musonda Mandona, Keletso Masisi, Faizan Ahmad, Amèwouga Kassegne

{"title":"Enhancing the BWC Through Scientific Communities and Networks of New Actors in the Era of Emerging Science and Technology.","authors":"Yuhan Bao, Kirsten A Angeles, Delfina Fernandes Hlashwayo, Ketan Thorat, Musonda Mandona, Keletso Masisi, Faizan Ahmad, Amèwouga Kassegne","doi":"10.1177/23265094251387073","DOIUrl":"10.1177/23265094251387073","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 5 decades, the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) and the broader biosecurity agenda have evolved significantly, shaped by the widespread and rapid development of emerging science and biotechnologies. This evolving landscape demands more inclusive governance mechanisms and has driven scientific communities and networks of nonstate actors to play a crucial role in shaping biosecurity governance, thereby paving the way for a new approach for the BWC in the coming decades. In this commentary, we explore innovative approaches to strengthening global biosecurity governance by emphasizing the role of scientific communities and networks of new actors in enhancing the BWC's framework. We identify 5 key approaches for advancing biosecurity by analyzing cases we observed: (1) exploring governance strategies and providing early warning for emerging technology risks, (2) promoting biosecurity by design and responsible innovation, (3) capacity building through grassroots networks of new actors, (4) building action networks based on knowledge sharing and collaboration for rapid response to biosecurity risks, and (5) engaging in science diplomacy and bridging governance gaps. Building on the analysis of the linkages between these innovative approaches and the BWC, we seek to offer a forward-looking vision for revitalizing the BWC by incorporating efforts through a well-designed bottom-up mechanism, ensuring a more inclusive, collaborative, and proactive biosecurity governance framework in the coming decades.","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":" ","pages":"326-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The BWC at 50: Exploring OSINT Opportunities and Challenges in the BWC Ecosystem. 《禁止生物武器公约》成立50周年：探讨《禁止生物武器公约》生态系统中的机遇和挑战。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/23265094251387084

Lily Boland, Jackson du Pont, Yong-Bee Lim

{"title":"The BWC at 50: Exploring OSINT Opportunities and Challenges in the BWC Ecosystem.","authors":"Lily Boland, Jackson du Pont, Yong-Bee Lim","doi":"10.1177/23265094251387084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23265094251387084","url":null,"abstract":"The Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) was the first international disarmament treaty to eliminate an entire class of weapons. As it celebrates its semicentennial, the BWC is recognized for enshrining norms against the misuse of biology, even during the height of the Cold War: norms that encapsulated humanity's repugnance of bioweapons. Nevertheless, the BWC faces unique challenges compared to other disarmament treaties, such as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty or the Chemical Weapons Convention. These include debates around verification, sociopolitical friction across the states parties, and even accusations that states parties have maintained biological weapons programs despite their treaty obligations. Many experts note difficulties in strengthening the BWC, particularly in a multipolar, competitive geopolitical environment. One potential pathway to support the BWC is using open-source information collection, analysis, and methods applied toward a \"layered approach to verification [which] could help build confidence in compliance and potentially verify the BWC.\" Colloquially known as open-source intelligence (OSINT), this intelligence-gathering discipline uses publicly available information and signals sources for fact-checking, investigating suspicious occurrences, and examining items of interest. This approach has shown promise in other weapons of mass destruction applications, from tracking and tracing Syrian and Russian use of chemical weapons to uncovering nuclear weapons arsenals. Further, as stakeholders generate and retain more biological data from multisource samples, now is an opportune time to examine how open-source information and methods might mitigate bioweapons risks. This is particularly germane to the present, as people explore OSINT information and methods as 1 tool to both help strengthen the BWC architecture and support transparency and norm-setting efforts outside of the treaty.","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":"23 5","pages":"314-325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145367971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Dynamics of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Experience Regarding Infection Control Among Health Quarantine Officials at Points of Entry: A Multicenter Study in Vietnam. 入境口岸卫生检疫官员关于感染控制的知识、态度、实践和经验的动态：越南的一项多中心研究。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2024.0032

Thi Ngoc Anh Hoang, Minh Duc Hoang, Luong Tam Nguyen, Van Ngoc Hoang, Ngoc Long Vu, Ha-Linh Quach

{"title":"The Dynamics of Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Experience Regarding Infection Control Among Health Quarantine Officials at Points of Entry: A Multicenter Study in Vietnam.","authors":"Thi Ngoc Anh Hoang, Minh Duc Hoang, Luong Tam Nguyen, Van Ngoc Hoang, Ngoc Long Vu, Ha-Linh Quach","doi":"10.1089/hs.2024.0032","DOIUrl":"10.1089/hs.2024.0032","url":null,"abstract":"Health quarantine officials play a critical role in safeguarding public health and preventing infectious diseases at Vietnam's air, land, and sea points of entry. While previous evidence suggests that knowledge, attitudes, practices, and experiences are interrelated, many interventions in Vietnam have focused solely on improving infection control knowledge. This study aimed to assess the correlations between knowledge, attitudes, practices, and experiences and identify variables associated with higher levels of these domains to inform more effective interventions for strengthening infection control capacity. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 618 health quarantine officials across 163 points of entry using a self-reported web-based questionnaire. To ensure reliability and validity of the questionnaire, we used Cronbach α, McDonald ω, and confirmatory factor analyses. Path analysis and a generalized linear model with a gamma distribution were used to establish relationships between knowledge, attitude, practice, and experience, and identify associated sociodemographic factors with higher levels of these domains. The final analysis included 378 valid responses, representing 61.2% of Vietnamese health quarantine officials. Our instrument demonstrated good reliability and validity. Path analysis revealed a significant positive effect of attitude on practice (direct coefficient 0.82; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.01; total coefficient 0.86; 95% CI, 0.68 to 1.04). Attitude also showed a significant positive association with experience (coefficient 0.62; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.89). A positive attitude emerged as a key factor in enhancing experience and practice of infection control, highlighting the need for targeted interventions that foster positive attitudes while considering certain socioeconomic factors affecting willingness to change.","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":" ","pages":"217-229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strengthening Bilateral Cooperation Through the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare Liaison to the US Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response. 通过日本厚生劳动省与美国战略准备和应对局的联络加强双边合作。

IF 1.3 4区医学

Health Security Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2023.0139

Yukimasa Matsuzawa, Adam Tewell, Jun Sugihara, Takeo Okada, Tomoka Funasaka, Yu Nanamatsu, Yoshiteru Yano, Kanako Kitahara, Kazunori Umeki, Takanori Funaki, Rieko Takahashi, Sayaka Hikida, Akiko Kitayama, Ryusuke Matsuoka, Kilsun K Hogue, K Gayle Bernabe, Silvia Garcia-Livelli, Bonnie Arthur, Chris Crabtree, Erik Vincent, Tomoya Saito, Norio Ohmagari, Michael Nealy, Takaji Wakita, Joseph Lamana

{"title":"Strengthening Bilateral Cooperation Through the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare Liaison to the US Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response.","authors":"Yukimasa Matsuzawa, Adam Tewell, Jun Sugihara, Takeo Okada, Tomoka Funasaka, Yu Nanamatsu, Yoshiteru Yano, Kanako Kitahara, Kazunori Umeki, Takanori Funaki, Rieko Takahashi, Sayaka Hikida, Akiko Kitayama, Ryusuke Matsuoka, Kilsun K Hogue, K Gayle Bernabe, Silvia Garcia-Livelli, Bonnie Arthur, Chris Crabtree, Erik Vincent, Tomoya Saito, Norio Ohmagari, Michael Nealy, Takaji Wakita, Joseph Lamana","doi":"10.1089/hs.2023.0139","DOIUrl":"10.1089/hs.2023.0139","url":null,"abstract":"Beginning in 2016, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) began stationing liaisons within the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response to strengthen cooperation on bilateral health security engagement and collaboration. Notable accomplishments include the establishment of the US-Japan Health Security Committee and collaborations between the US-Japan Disaster Medical Assistance Team on mass event responses, such as the repatriation of American citizens from the Diamond Princess in February 2020 and the COVID-19 response. Japan has also embedded liaisons at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to advance collaboration on public health. In 2021, with COVID-19 highlighting the importance of collaboration on pandemic preparedness, MHLW established a liaison program with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. These liaisons with HHS agencies have paid dividends to health security collaboration, particularly by enabling greater connections between technical experts in MHLW and HHS.","PeriodicalId":12955,"journal":{"name":"Health Security","volume":" ","pages":"270-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12499883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0