Gut Microbes最新文献

{"title":"The neonatal gut microbiome in health and disease.","authors":"Geoffrey A Preidis","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2457499","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2457499","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2457499"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut dysbiosis-induced vitamin B6 metabolic disorder contributes to chronic stress-related abnormal behaviors in a cortisol-independent manner.","authors":"Wenxiang Qing, Huimin Chen, Xin Ma, Jie Chen, Yuan Le, Hui Chen, Jianhua Tong, Kaiming Duan, Daqing Ma, Wen Ouyang, Jianbin Tong","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2024.2447824","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2024.2447824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic stress can result in various conditions, including psychological disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and accelerated brain aging. Gut dysbiosis potentially contributes to stress-related brain disorders in individuals with chronic stress. However, the causal relationship and key factors between gut dysbiosis and brain disorders in chronic stress remain elusive, particularly under non-sterile conditions. Here, using a repeated restraint stress (RRS) rat model, we show that sequential transplantation of the cecal contents of different RRS stages to normal rats reproduced RRS-induced core phenotypes, including abnormal behaviors, increased peripheral blood corticosterone and inflammatory cytokines, and a unique gut microbial phenotype. This core phenotypic development was effectively inhibited with probiotic supplement. The RRS-induced unique gut microbial phenotypes at the genus level were positively or negatively associated with the levels of 20 plasma metabolites, including vitamin B6 metabolites 4-pyridoxic acid and 4-pyridoxate. Vitamin B6 supplement during RRS alleviated weight loss, abnormal behaviors, peripheral inflammation, and neuroinflammation, but did not affect the peripheral corticosterone levels in chronic stressed rats. Dampening inflammatory signaling via knocking out caspase 11 or caspase 1 inhibitor abolished RRS-induced abnormal behaviors and peripheral and neuroinflammation but did not decrease peripheral corticosterone in mice. These findings show that gut dysbiosis-induced vitamin B6 metabolism disorder is a new non-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis mechanism of chronic stress-related brain disorders. Both probiotics and vitamin B6 supplement have potential to be developed as therapeutic strategies for preventing and/or treating chronic stress-related illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2447824"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IgG-seq identifies immune-reactive enteric bacteria in Crohn's disease with spondyloarthritis.","authors":"Grace A Maldarelli, Maeva Metz, Seun Oguntunmibi, Nancy Tran, Grace Xiang, Dana Lukin, Ellen J Scherl, Randy S Longman","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2464221","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2464221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Joint inflammation is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of Crohn's disease (CD). Although alterations in the enteric microbiota are described in CD with spondyloarthritis (CD-SpA), it is not known whether distinct taxa serve as markers for clinical subtypes of axial (AxSpA) or peripheral SpA (pSpA) in CD. Moreover, it is not yet known whether these taxa generate a specific systemic IgG response. Here, we sequenced the fecal microbiome from 106 individuals (44 CD, 39 CD-SpA, 14 CD-AxSpA, and 9 healthy controls [HC]). This unique cohort revealed distinct taxonomic compositions of CD and CD-SpA compared to HC and demonstrates that the composition of the CD-AxSpA microbiome is distinct from that of CD-pSpA. Using autologous serum, we identified enteric bacteria recognized by serum IgG and demonstrate differences in the IgG coating index of specific bacterial genera associated with CD-SpA. The IgG coating index of <i>Mediterraneibacter gnavus</i> differentiated patients with CD-pSpA and is positively associated with joint disease activity. This work illustrates divergent microbiome compositions in CD-SpA subtypes, as well as the recognition of distinct enteric bacteria by serum IgG with the potential to serve as a marker of joint inflammation in CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2464221"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11834481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal-infant probiotic transmission mitigates early-life stress-induced autism in mice.","authors":"Li Qing, Xin Qian, Huiyue Zhu, Jingyu Wang, Jingge Sun, Zhiying Jin, Xinyu Tang, Yingqi Zhao, Gang Wang, Jianxin Zhao, Wei Chen, Peijun Tian","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2456584","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2456584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism, a disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, presents significant challenges for prevention and treatment. While maternal-infant gut microbiota has been a focus in autism research, preventive strategies targeting maternal gut microbiota remain underexplored. This study demonstrates that prenatal probiotic intake can effectively prevent maternal separation-induced autistic-like behaviors in offspring without altering the embryonic neurodevelopment in mice. Using specific PCR primers and cross-fostering experiments, we traced the vertical transmission of probiotics, primarily via fecal/vaginal contamination. Early probiotic colonization conferred resilience against stress-induced gut pathogenic microbes and Th17-mediated peripheral inflammation while significantly inhibiting hypermyelination and neuroinflammation linked to systemic inflammation. Microbial metabolites like tyrosol and xanthurenic acid alleviated neuroinflammation and hypermyelination in vitro, though the causal relationship among neuroinflammation, hypermyelination, and autism in vivo requires further validation. These findings underscore the importance of the maternal-infant microbiota transmission window in autism prevention and highlight the clinical potential of prenatal probiotic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2456584"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome changes with micronutrient supplementation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the MADDY study.","authors":"Hayleigh K Ast, Matthew Hammer, Shiqi Zhang, Alisha Bruton, Irene E Hatsu, Brenda Leung, Ryan McClure, Priya Srikanth, Yuliya Farris, Lydia Norby-Adams, Lisa M Robinette, L Eugene Arnold, Jonathan R Swann, Jiangjiang Zhu, Lisa Karstens, Jeanette M Johnstone","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2463570","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2463570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Micronutrients have demonstrated promise in managing inattention and emotional dysregulation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One plausible pathway by which micronutrients improve symptoms is the gut microbiome. This study examines changes in fecal microbial composition and diversity after micronutrient supplementation in children with ADHD (<i>N</i> = 44) and highlights potential mechanisms responsible for the behavioral improvement, as determined by blinded clinician-rated global improvement response to micronutrients. Participants represent a sub-group of the Micronutrients for ADHD in Youth (MADDY) study, a double blind randomized controlled trial in which participants received micronutrients or placebo for 8 weeks, followed by an 8-week open extension. Stool samples collected at baseline, week 8, and week 16 were analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing targeting the V4 hypervariable region. Pairwise compositional analyses investigated changes in fecal microbial composition between micronutrients versus placebo and responders versus non-responders. A significant change in microbial evenness, as measured by alpha diversity, and beta-diversity, as measured by Bray-Curtis, was observed following micronutrients supplementation. The phylum <i>Actinobacteriota</i> decreased in the micronutrients group compared to placebo. Two butyrate-producing bacterial families: <i>Rikenellaceae</i> and <i>Oscillospiraceae</i>, exhibited a significant increase in change following micronutrients between responders versus non-responders. These findings suggest that micronutrients modulated the composition of the fecal microbiota and identified specific bacterial changes associated with micronutrient responders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2463570"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11845018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PMA1-containing extracellular vesicles of <i>Candida albicans</i> triggers immune responses and colitis progression.","authors":"Zhen Xu, Shuping Qiao, Zelin Wang, Chen Peng, Yayi Hou, Baorui Liu, Guochun Cao, Tingting Wang","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2455508","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2455508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>C. albicans</i>) exhibits aberrant changes in patients with colitis, and it has been reported to dominate the colonic mucosal immune response. Here, we found that PMA1 expression was significantly increased in <i>C. albicans</i> from patients with IBD compared to that in healthy controls. A Crispr-Cas9-based fungal strain editing system was then used to knock out PMA1 expression in <i>C. albicans</i>. Compared to <i>WT-C.a</i>, <i>ΔPMA1-C.a</i> could not aggravate colitis. Proteomic analysis showed that PMA1 was transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs) of <i>C. albicans</i>. PMA1-containing EVs aggravated colitis, modulated the migration of cDC2 from the lamina propria to mesenteric lymph nodes, and induced TH17 cell differentiation. Moreover, the adaptor protein CARD9 was critical in PMA1-containing EV-induced colitis, and CARD9-deficient DCs did not induce TH17 cell differentiation or IL-17A production. Mechanically, CARD9 combines with the glycolytic protein GAPDH (aa2-146 domain) through its CARD region. CARD9 deficiency led to decreased enzyme activity of GAPDH and decreased glycolysis of DCs. These findings indicate that PMA1 is a potential virulence factor responsible for the pathogenesis of <i>C. albicans</i> colitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2455508"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota and derived metabolites mediate obstructive sleep apnea induced atherosclerosis.","authors":"Jin Xue, Celeste Allaband, Simone Zuffa, Orit Poulsen, Jason Meadows, Dan Zhou, Pieter C Dorrestein, Rob Knight, Gabriel G Haddad","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2474142","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2474142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent hypoxia/hypercapnia (IHC), affects predominantly obese individuals, and increases atherosclerosis risk. Since we and others have implicated gut microbiota and metabolites in atherogenesis, we dissected their contributions to OSA-induced atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions were compared between conventionally-reared specific pathogen free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) Apoe^-/- mice following a high fat high cholesterol diet (HFHC), with and without IHC conditions. The fecal microbiota and metabolome were profiled using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and untargeted tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) respectively. Phenotypic data showed that HFHC significantly increased atherosclerosis as compared to regular chow (RC) in both aorta and pulmonary artery (PA) of SPF mice. IHC exacerbated lesions in addition to HFHC. Differential abundance analysis of gut microbiota identified an enrichment of Akkermansiaceae and a depletion of Muribaculaceae (formerly S24-7) family members in the HFHC-IHC group. LC-MS/MS showed a dysregulation of bile acid profiles with taurocholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, and 12-ketodeoxycholic acid enriched in the HFHC-IHC group, long-chain N-acyl amides, and phosphatidylcholines. Interestingly, GF Apoe^-/- mice markedly reduced atherosclerotic formation relative to SPF Apoe^-/- mice in the aorta under HFHC/IHC conditions. In contrast, microbial colonization did not show a significant impact on the atherosclerotic progression in PA. In summary, this research demonstrated that (1) IHC acts cooperatively with HFHC to induce atherosclerosis; (2) gut microbiota modulate atherogenesis, induced by HFHC/IHC, in the aorta not in PA; (3) different analytical methods suggest that a specific imbalance between Akkermansiaceae and Muribaculaceae bacterial families mediate OSA-induced atherosclerosis; and (4) derived bile acids, such as deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, regulate atherosclerosis in OSA. The knowledge obtained provides novel insights into the potential therapeutic approaches to prevent and treat OSA-induced atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2474142"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes but not obesity are associated with alterations in bile acid related gut microbe-microbe and gut microbe-host community metabolism.","authors":"Kristina Schlicht, Lea Pape, Nathalie Rohmann, Carina Knappe, Johannes Epe, Corinna Geisler, Daniela Pohlschneider, Susanne Brodesser, Lucy Kruse, Maria-Elisabeth Rohlfing, Katharina Hartmann, Kathrin Türk, Jens Marquardt, Jan Beckmann, Witigo von Schönfels, Alexia Beckmann, Perdita Wietzke-Braun, Dominik M Schulte, Tim Hollstein, Tobias Demetrowitsch, Julia Jensen-Kroll, Fynn Brix, Stefan Schreiber, Andre Franke, Karin Schwarz, Silvio Waschina, Matthias Laudes","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2474143","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2474143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The interplay between bile acids (BAs) and metabolic diseases has gained importance in recent years, with a variety of studies investigating their relationship with diverging results. Therefore, in the present study we performed a detailed analysis of BA metabolism in 492 subjects with different metabolic phenotypes. Besides microbiomics and metabolomics this investigation included <i>in silico</i> analysis of community metabolism to examine metabolic interchange between different microbes as well as microbes and the human host. Our findings revealed distinct changes in the BA profiles of patients with diabetes and prediabetes, whereas obesity alone had no influence on circulating BAs. Impaired glycemic control led to increased circulating BAs, a shift toward more secondary BAs, and an increase in the ratio of glycine to taurine-conjugated BAs. Additional analyses revealed that the ratio of glycine to taurine conjugation demonstrated variations between the single BAs, cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA), regardless of the metabolic status, with CA having a higher fraction of taurine conjugation. Furthermore, we found that microbiome alterations are associated with BAs, independent of diabetes or obesity. Analysis of microbial community metabolism revealed differential relative pathway abundance in relation to diabetes, particularly those related to membrane and polyamine synthesis. Increased bacterial cross-feeding of polyamines, galactose, and D-arabinose also coincided with an increase in BA. Notably, our serum metabolome analysis mirrored several of the previously <i>in silico</i> predicted exchanged metabolites, especially amino acid metabolism. Therefore, targeting BA metabolism may be a future approach for the treatment of metabolic diseases, especially prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2474143"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating multi-omics data to reveal the host-microbiota interactome in inflammatory bowel disease.","authors":"Fengyuan Su, Meng Su, Wenting Wei, Jiayun Wu, Leyan Chen, Xiqiao Sun, Moyan Liu, Shiqiang Sun, Ren Mao, Arno R Bourgonje, Shixian Hu","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2476570","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2476570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous studies have accelerated the knowledge expansion on the role of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the precise mechanisms behind host-microbe cross-talk remain largely undefined, due to the complexity of the human intestinal ecosystem and multiple external factors. In this review, we introduce the <i>interactome</i> concept to systematically summarize how intestinal dysbiosis is involved in IBD pathogenesis in terms of microbial composition, functionality, genomic structure, transcriptional activity, and downstream proteins and metabolites. Meanwhile, this review also aims to present an updated overview of the relevant mechanisms, high-throughput multi-omics methodologies, different types of multi-omics cohort resources, and computational methods used to understand host-microbiota interactions in the context of IBD. Finally, we discuss the challenges pertaining to the integration of multi-omics data in order to reveal host-microbiota cross-talk and offer insights into relevant future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2476570"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why do babies cry? Exploring the role of the gut microbiota in infantile colic, constipation, and cramps in the KOALA birth cohort study.","authors":"David Barnett, Carel Thijs, Monique Mommers, Martha Endika, Cynthia Klostermann, Henk Schols, Hauke Smidt, Arjen Nauta, Ilja Arts, John Penders","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2485326","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2485326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal symptoms are common during infancy, including infantile colic. Colic can be loosely defined as prolonged and recurrent crying without obvious cause. The cause indeed remains unclear despite much research. Results on infant nutrition are inconclusive, but prior work has linked maternal mental health to infant crying. Recently, several small studies have described associations between gut microbiota and colic. We used a larger cohort to examine the role of the microbiota in infant gastrointestinal health, while also accounting for other biopsychosocial factors. Using fecal 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data from 1,012 infants in the KOALA birth cohort, we examined associations between the 1-month gut microbiota and parent-reported functional gastrointestinal symptoms throughout infancy, including colic, constipation, and cramps. These analyses were adjusted for biopsychosocial factors that were associated with symptoms in a broader analysis involving 2,665 participants. In 257 infants, we also explored associations between breastmilk human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and gastrointestinal symptoms. Higher relative abundance of <i>Staphylococcus</i> at one month was associated with less constipation in the first three months of life. Conversely, <i>Ruminococcus gnavus</i> group abundance was associated with more colicky symptoms, particularly between four and seven months. Breastmilk concentrations of the HMOs lacto-N-hexaose (LNH) and lacto-N-neohexaose (LNnH) were associated with less constipation in the first three months. Our results support the conclusion that gut microbiota are relevant in infantile colic and constipation. However more work is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, and explore their interplay with other relevant biopsychosocial factors such as maternal mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12909,"journal":{"name":"Gut Microbes","volume":"17 1","pages":"2485326"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}