HAND最新文献

{"title":"Long-term Career Outcomes and Associations With Academic Careers, Leadership, and Publication Volume After Hand Fellowship.","authors":"Gabriella B Smith, Ashley L Titan, Hillary B Nguyen, Umar A Siddiqi, Huy G Dinh, Meg Quint, Nicole S Pham, Deborah E Kenney, Bill Young, Allen Green, Amy L Ladd","doi":"10.1177/15589447261480193","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447261480193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to characterize career outcomes among fellowship-trained hand surgeons in the United States with a focus on academic careers and factors associated with leadership roles and post-fellowship publication volume.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Of 94 programs in the American Society for Surgery of the Hand directory, 24 had publicly available online data for graduates between 2010 and 2019. We defined academic surgeons as current faculty within university-affiliated departments. Leadership roles included departmental/practice, education, or residency/fellowship positions. Bivariate tests and multivariable mixed-effects negative binomial and logistic regression were used to identify associations with career and publication outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 508 graduates, 394 (79.9%) were men, and 393 (77.4%) graduated from an orthopedic surgery residency program. Of these, 25.9% became academic hand surgeons, of whom 26.2% were women, and 18.2% held leadership roles, of whom 30.7% were women. Being a woman, completing integrated plastic surgery residency compared with orthopedic surgery or general surgery, and increased publication volume by the end of fellowship were associated with working in academic surgery. Being a woman, increased years since graduating fellowship, graduating from a fellowship in the Midwest compared with the West, and increased publication volume by the end of fellowship were associated with having a leadership role.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified several factors associated with academic careers and leadership roles in hand surgery. Future qualitative studies on modifiable factors, such as mentorship, training program infrastructure, and individual surgeon goals, are required to better understand ways to support trainees who want to pursue academia, leadership roles, and publications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"15589447261480193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Types of Silicone Implants Used in Arthroplasty of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint.","authors":"Satoshi Usami, Yoshitaka Minamikawa, Yoshitaka Hamada, Takeyasu Toyama, Masahiro Sawada, Kohei Inami","doi":"10.1177/15589447261483269","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447261483269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Silicone implant arthroplasty of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint is one of the effective approaches for treating symptomatic osteoarthritis accompanied by severe pain or developed deformity. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of DIP joint arthroplasty using SWANSON and SBi silicone implants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including 39 SWANSON and 19 SBi implants for DIP joint arthroplasty via dorsal approach. Preoperative and postoperative objective and subjective measures, including range of motion of the DIP joint, grip strength, pain score, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores, and satisfaction, were compared. In addition, the relation between the length of middle phalanx resection and postoperative joint instability was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up period in the SWANSON and the SBi implant groups was 25 (interquartile range: 24-34) and 28 (24-56) months, respectively. Postoperative pain score and satisfaction with the SBi implant were better than those with the SWANSON implant, whereas no other significant differences were observed in other outcomes. The mean length of middle phalanx resection was significantly greater in the SBi implant (3.9 mm) compared with the SWANSON implant (2.9 mm), and a higher incidence of postoperative joint instability was observed in the SBi implant. Two cases of revision surgeries after failure were required in the SBi implants used in index fingers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SBi implant showed higher patient satisfaction compared with the SWANSON implant; however, postoperative problems such as a tendency toward lateral instability and concerns regarding durability were suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"15589447261483269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal Upper Limb Compartment Syndrome Following Uterine Rupture: Conservative Management and 10-Year Outcomes.","authors":"Dulan A Gunawardena, Dirck Ananos","doi":"10.1177/15589447261483164","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447261483164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal compartment syndrome of the upper limb is documented in fewer than 100 cases. Recognition is difficult as clinical signs are subtle, diagnostic pressure thresholds in newborns are not established, and the condition is frequently mistaken for birth trauma. Fasciotomy within the first 24 hours is the standard of care, though whether this is always necessary remains debated. We present a case of a premature neonate who developed upper limb compartment syndrome following an unusual mechanism of injury, with 10 years of clinical follow-up. The published literature is reviewed with focus on aetiology, diagnostic challenges, management, and long-term outcomes. A 32-week neonate was delivered by emergency caesarean section following uterine rupture, in which the right arm had extruded through a uterine wall defect at a previous myomectomy scar. The infant presented with a bullous sentinel lesion, global limb swelling, and minimal spontaneous movement. Doppler ultrasound confirmed residual arterial flow and, unlike most published cases, the compressive insult had been definitively relieved at delivery. The infant was managed conservatively with serial neurovascular monitoring. Limb perfusion improved within 24 to 48 hours without surgical intervention. At 10-year follow-up, the child has normal strength, full range of motion, and no limb length discrepancy. This case demonstrates that the mechanism of injury should factor explicitly into management decisions in neonatal compartment syndrome. Where extrinsic compression has been definitively relieved and perfusion confirmed, a closely monitored non-operative approach may be appropriate. Long-term follow-up remains underreported.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"15589447261483164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148919308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Elbow Flexion Angle That Minimizes Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament Deformity During Reconstruction.","authors":"Nirbhay S Jain, Etka Kurucan, Alexis L Fowler, Carlo A Gambotto, Robert A Kaufmann","doi":"10.1177/15589447261479367","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447261479367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reconstruction of the lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) may be required to restore elbow stability. Minimizing changes in graft length through the arc of motion prevents deforming forces and loss of integrity. Currently, no consensus exists regarding the elbow flexion angle that minimizes LUCL deformation. The goal of this study was to determine the elbow flexion angle that would minimize graft length variability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cadaveric specimens were prepared by reflecting the LUCL. A grid was made on the lateral epicondyle for various ligament origin points. Distances from each point in the grid to the supinator crest were recorded at 5 different angles with average lengths calculated. Variation around this length at each angle was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across the lateral epicondyle, the angle with the least variability from the average was 60°, significantly lower than other angles. Across all points, the minimal variability via a quadratic model was between 50° and 60°.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Graft length variability is influenced by the angle of elbow flexion during fixation. Our results indicate that this variability is minimized when the graft is fixated between 50° and 60° of flexion. Improving variability of an LUCL reconstruction may decrease graft stretching during elbow motion and maximize graft function while minimizing long-term complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"15589447261479367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13553983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective Preoperative Prognostic Tools for Predicting Recovery After Carpal Tunnel Decompression: a Systematic Review.","authors":"Yusef Hafez, Elizabeth Prins, Mukesh Ramnarayan, Sara Sadat Farshidfar, Mohammed Baba, Candice Delcourt","doi":"10.1177/15589447261479357","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447261479357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is commonly treated with surgical release of the transverse carpal ligament. However, predicting postoperative recovery remains challenging. To summarise the current relationship between preoperative objective severity measures and postoperative recovery and direct the development of future research, a systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CENTRAL, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched from database inception to April 19, 2026. Seventeen studies (1997-2024) were included in this review. Nerve conduction studies (NCSs) were the most common preoperative modality, followed by ultrasound, electromyography and carpal tunnel pressure. Eleven studies reported an association between preoperative severity and clinical outcome, whereas 6 studies found no association. Notably, non-NCS modalities demonstrated positive associations; however, they were underrepresented in the literature. This review provides important insight into the relationship between objective preoperative CTS severity and recovery. More importantly, it provides guidance on the research required to establish the relationship and direct patient counselling.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"15589447261479357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13553974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Fibro-Osseous Pseudotumour of the Digit Mimicking Infection: A Narrative Review and Case Report.","authors":"Elijah J C Wong, Brahman Sivakumar, Luke McCarron, Craig Buchan, David J Graham","doi":"10.1177/15589447261481209","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447261481209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fibro-osseous pseudotumour of the digit (FOPD) is a rare, benign soft-tissue lesion that mimics infection and malignancy due to its rapid growth, pain, and radiological features. Misdiagnosis can result in inappropriate treatment, including unnecessary ablative surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed and Embase, supplemented by reference screening. Case reports and case series of FOPD involving the digits of the hands or feet were included. Data were synthesised to identify clinical, histopathological, radiological, and management patterns. In addition, we report a recurrent case of FOPD misdiagnosed as tenosynovitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two case reports published between 2015 and 2025 and four large case series prior to 2015 yielded a total of 134 patients. Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit typically affects young to middle-aged adults (mean age, 36 years) with a slight female predominance. Lesions presented as rapidly enlarging painful nodules, occasionally associated with prior trauma, and were frequently mistaken for infection or extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Complete surgical excision was the definitive treatment, with recurrence reported rarely and almost exclusively following incomplete excision. Our case demonstrated recurrence after initial debridement, with subsequent definitive excision leading to functional recovery, although residual stiffness and sensory disturbance persisted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit should be considered in the differential diagnosis of rapidly enlarging digital lesions. Complete surgical excision is curative in most cases, while molecular markers such as ubiquitin-specific peptidase 6 may refine the diagnosis in morphologically ambiguous presentations. Future research should prioritise the development of standardised diagnostic criteria, prognostic markers, and long-term outcome reporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"15589447261481209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Directed Care After Carpal Tunnel Release Using Video Integration and Digital Education After Operations (VIDEO Trial): A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Randall G Bissette, Jadon H Beck, Camden O Novikova, Youngjae Lee, Nicholas J Peterman, Cesar J Bravo, Peter J Apel","doi":"10.1177/15589447251389650","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251389650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carpal tunnel release (CTR) is a successful procedure with consistent outcomes. Routine in-person postoperative visits are of questionable value. It remains to be seen whether video education and patient-directed care after CTR can replace in-person postoperative visits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-three patients undergoing CTR were analyzed in a prospective, randomized, controlled trial comparing in-person follow-up to an experimental program with Video Integration and Digital Education after Operations (VIDEO). Patients underwent open, wide-awake, local-anesthetic, no-tourniquet CTR in-office. Those in the control (in-person) group returned for week 2 and week 6 postoperative in-person visits. Those in the experimental (VIDEO) group did not have scheduled in-person visits but were provided 3 educational videos (1-2 minutes). All patients had access to electronic messaging and could call or come in-person for unplanned visits. The Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Upper Extremity Computer Adaptive Test 2.0 (PROMIS UE CAT v2.0) was assessed for noninferiority. Patient satisfaction, time off work, time traveling, complications, unplanned visits, phone calls, and messages were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the in-person group, the VIDEO group demonstrated noninferior PROMIS UE CAT 2.0 score improvements. Patients in both groups were generally satisfied with care, while some expressed higher or lower satisfaction than others. Patients in the VIDEO group missed less time from work and spent less time traveling. There was no difference in complications, unplanned visits, phone calls, or patient messages between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For select patients, video education and patient-directed care should be considered as an alternative to in-person follow-up after CTR.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"1372-1379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12646941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145596263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salvaging Proximal Pole Scaphoid Nonunions Using Ipsilateral Proximal Hamate Autograft: A Multicenter Case Series.","authors":"Courtney Carlson Strother, Joshua Meaike, Bassem Elhassan, Robin Kamal, Jeffrey Yao, R Glenn Gaston, Sanjeev Kakar","doi":"10.1177/15589447251352002","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251352002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proximal pole scaphoid fracture nonunions are challenging conditions to treat. When significant comminution of the proximal pole and avascular necrosis is present, scaphoid proximal pole reconstructive options are considered. The proximal pole of the hamate is a local autograft option; however, little has been described on the outcomes of this procedure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent proximal pole scaphoid reconstruction using proximal hamate autograft at 3 tertiary care centers were retrospectively reviewed. Radiographic union was classified by greater than 50% bony trabeculae across the reconstruction site on computed tomography scan.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten patients were included. Average age at the time of surgery was 27.9 years, and 60% were men. Average length of proximal hamate autograft harvested was 10 mm. All patients healed at an average of 14.3 weeks following surgery. At final follow-up, 3 patients reported no pain, 3 reported mild occasional pain, 2 reported moderate tolerable pain (1 at the hamate graft site), and 2 had no reports on their pain level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In small proximal pole scaphoid nonunions with fragmentation and avascular necrosis, ipsilateral proximal hamate autograft reconstruction of the scaphoid proximal pole is a viable and reproducible option with high rates of union and patient satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"1305-1311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acutely Performed Proximal Row Carpectomy for Perilunate and Lunate Dislocations: Case Series and Review of Literature.","authors":"John Kaster, Andrew Valiquette, Anthony LoGiudice","doi":"10.1177/15589447251397017","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447251397017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acutely performed proximal row carpectomy (PRC) is a viable alternative to open reduction internal fixation for perilunate and/or lunate dislocations, offering comparable outcomes with fewer postoperative complications. Studies report good motion, low complication, and reoperation rates. However, limited research exists on acute PRC for perilunate dislocations (PLDs), warranting further investigation into its functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review was conducted on adult patients who underwent acute PRC for PLDs and perilunate fracture-dislocations (PLFDs) at a single institution (2010-2022). Inclusion criteria encompassed patients aged above 18 years with perilunate or lunate dislocation/fracture-dislocation treated with PRC within 21 days post-injury, among other criteria. Fourteen patients met our inclusion criteria. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were collected through phone surveys and final clinic visits, using Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluations (PRWEs), Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (QuickDASH), visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, and return-to-work statuses. Surgical approaches, patient demographics, and injury characteristics were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our cohort (average age 49.4 years), injuries were due to motor vehicle collisions (57%) and falls (43%). Proximal row carpectomy was performed within an average of 5.6 days post-injury, and patients were contacted an average of 68.0 months post-surgery. Return-to-work rates were favorable, with 35.7% returning without restrictions and 35.7% with restrictions. Patient-reported outcomes, encompassing VAS (1.31), QuickDASH (20.5), and PRWEs (24.5), demonstrated favorable results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel insights into the outcomes of acute PRC for perilunate and lunate dislocations, expanding on limited existing literature. It highlights PRC as a viable intervention for PLDs and PLFDs, demonstrated by substantial return-to-work rates and positive PROs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"1320-1325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12668987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145648383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of a Rare Digital Dermocutaneous Fibroma of the Flexor Tendon Sheath.","authors":"Temitope Ayodele, Maura DePascal, Jonathan Shearin, Mark Wang","doi":"10.1177/15589447261480384","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15589447261480384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the case of a 19-year-old gentleman with a rare digital dermocutaneous fibroma of the tendon sheath (FTS). The dermocutaneous and flexor sheath involvement of this mass presented unique challenges to wide excision and definitive soft tissue defect coverage. Fibroma of the tendon sheath is a benign lesion with a recurrence rate of up to 24%, giving it an aggressive profile. Previous reports of digital FTS are limited to subcutaneous involvement managed with simple excision and closure. To date, this is the first report of the successful treatment of a digital dermocutaneous FTS with wide excision and staged full-thickness skin grafting.</p>","PeriodicalId":12902,"journal":{"name":"HAND","volume":" ","pages":"15589447261480384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}