Gynecological Endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Is a systematic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test useful in diagnosing nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH)?","authors":"Bénédicte Ferreira, Geoffroy Robin, Pascal Pigny, Anne Bachelot, Louise Ribiere, Sophie Catteau-Jonard","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2659979","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2659979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ACTH stimulation test is the gold standard for diagnosing NCAH. However, this test has a human and material cost. While some teams perform it as a second-line test, others use it as a first-line test to avoid false negatives associated with single basal 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) serum levels. In this prospective, single-center, cross-sectional observational study, we included 210 women aged from 15 to 41 who were referred for oligoanovulation and/or hyperandrogenism from November 2022 to June 2024. In this population, we determined the proportion of false negatives for NCAH using basal 17-OHP serum levels by performing ACTH stimulation tests. Among the 210 patients included, no NCAH was diagnosed, and no false negatives of basal 17-OHP serum levels were identified. Basal 17-OHP serum levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients but remained below the 2 ng/ml threshold and were significantly correlated with hormonal and ultrasound markers of PCOS. Consequently, the systematic use of the ACTH stimulation test in women with hyperandrogenism and/or oligoanovulation does not appear to be a cost-effective diagnostic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2659979"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147722691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial on the effect of Gushukang on bone mineral density in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.","authors":"Lili Liu, Xiangyan Ruan, Muqing Gu, Yanqiu Li, Yu Yang, Jiaojiao Cheng, Lingling Jiang, Zecheng Wang, Mingzhen Zhang, Anming Liu, Alfred O Mueck","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2659980","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2659980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Gushukang on bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized trial, 156 women were assigned to three groups (<i>n</i> = 52 each): hormone therapy (HT), Chinese medicine (CM, Gushukang capsules), or combination therapy. Interventions lasted 6 months. Height, weight, and BMD were measured, and blood samples were taken to assess FSH, LH, E2, <i>P</i>, AST, ALT, BUN, and CRE levels before and after treatment. Changes in these indicators were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 156 participants, 142 completed the study (HT: 49, CM: 42, combination: 51). The median ages (Q1, Q3) of the three groups were 51.00 (47.00, 53.50), 53.00 (49.00, 57.00), and 51.00 (45.25, 54.00) years, respectively, with no significant difference. Pretreatment BMD values (mg/cm³) were 115.10 (102.90, 118.80), 107.40 (88.50, 114.65), and 113.25 (100.20, 118.98) for the HT, CM, and combination groups, respectively. After 6 months of treatment, the combination group showed a significant increase in BMD after treatment compared with before treatment (<i>p</i> < 0.01). In the hormone therapy and combination groups, FSH and LH levels decreased significantly, while E2 levels increased significantly after treatment (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas no significant differences in these indicators were observed in the Chinese medicine group. No significant differences in liver or kidney function were found in any of the three groups before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both Gushukang and menopausal hormone therapy for 6 months can increase BMD in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women; however, combination therapy yields superior results.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2659980"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance and safety of a moisturising hyaluronic acid-based ovule in alleviating vaginal dryness and dyspareunia: a prospective multicentre study.","authors":"Ramez Ghadri, Raïssa Aperano-Mas, Christian Jean, Thierry Keller, Roxane Noel, Dounia Houamel","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2721098","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2721098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vulvovaginal dryness affects women of all ages and is particularly prevalent after menopause. Hyaluronic Acid (HA)-containing products may improve hydration and lubrication of the vulvovaginal mucosa.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the performance and safety of HA-based vaginal ovule (MucoGYNE), in relieving symptoms of vaginal dryness and dyspareunia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, multicentre, open-label, single-arm post-market clinical follow-up study enrolled women aged ≥18 years with vaginal dryness and a Vaginal Health Index (VHI) score <15. Participants inserted one ovule intravaginally twice weekly for 5 weeks. The primary outcome was change in VHI score from baseline (Day 0) to Day 35. Secondary outcomes included vulvovaginal symptoms, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), global impression of change, satisfaction, and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine women were included in the analysis, with high treatment adherence (96.8%). VHI scores increased significantly (mean change +6.1 ± 3.1; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Vulvovaginal symptoms improved significantly. FSFI scores improved. Investigators reported clinical improvement in 89.7% of participants, and 79.3% perceived improvement. Most women (86.2%) were satisfied with treatment. Three non-serious adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Use of MucoGYNE Ovules was associated with improvements in vaginal dryness and related symptoms and a favourable safety profile, suggesting that it may represent a promising and well-tolerated non-hormonal option for women experiencing vaginal dryness. <b>Clinical Trial</b>: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06282614).</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2721098"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148818276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why rigid application of the window of opportunity may harm older women?","authors":"Luiz Francisco Baccaro, José Maria Soares-Júnior, Edmund C Baracat","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2026.2732861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2026.2732861","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"42 1","pages":"2732861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variants of the androgen receptor and frailty in postmenopausal women.","authors":"Aitana Monllor-Tormos, Miguel Ángel García-Pérez, Juan J Tarín, Alicia García-Vigara, Arturo Artero, Antonio Cano","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2565238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2565238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidemiological evidence suggests a relationship between frailty and age at menopause. The hormonal fluctuations associated with menopause may contribute to frailty, with androgens being prime candidates due to their anabolic properties. This study aimed to elucidate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the androgen receptor (AR) gene are associated with frailty. A cross-sectional study was conducted within the frailty sub-cohort of a population-based sample of community-dwelling postmenopausal women. Two SNPs of the <i>AR</i> gene, selected for their potential to modulate AR functionality, were analyzed. A multinomial ordinal regression model was applied to estimate phenotypic variance. A total of 392 women (mean age: 64.1 years) were included, with a frailty status distribution of 29.6% being frail, 38.5% prefrail, and 31.9% robust, consistent with population-based data for this age group. Neither of the selected <i>AR</i> gene SNPs (rs5919427 and rs2497942) showed a statistically significant association with frailty status. Age, reproductive factors (including number of deliveries and miscarriages), number of comorbidities, and body mass index were independently associated with frailty. Further research is warranted to comprehensively explore the potential role of AR gene variants in frailty susceptibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2565238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary analysis of the relationship between follicle-stimulating hormone and metabolic parameters in postmenopausal women.","authors":"Federica Barbagallo, Agata Cavallaro, Rossella Cannarella, Andrea Crafa, Rosita A Condorelli, Sandro La Vignera, Laura Cucinella, Rossella E Nappi, Aldo E Calogero","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2562195","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2562195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After menopause, women have a higher risk of developing metabolic disorders. The discovery of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptors in extra-ovarian tissues such as the adipose tissue suggests that FSH might influence metabolic processes in postmenopausal women. However, its role remains unclear. To examine the association between serum FSH levels and glucose and lipid metabolism in postmenopausal women. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 82 postmenopausal women (mean age 65.2 ± 8.1 years). Serum levels of FSH, 17β-estradiol (E2), glucose, insulin, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated using the HOMA-IR index. FSH levels did not significantly differ between women with and without dyslipidemia. However, FSH levels were significantly lower in women with type 2 diabetes (44.3 ± 13.8 IU/mL) compared to those with insulin resistance (60.6 ± 29.4 IU/mL) or normal glucose metabolism (69.4 ± 27.2 IU/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.045). Women in the lowest FSH quartile had higher glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR values. A significant inverse correlation between FSH and insulin (r = -0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.03) was found, stronger in women more than six years postmenopausal. Serum FSH levels inversely correlate with glucose metabolism disorders in postmenopausal women. These findings suggest a possible role of FSH in glucose metabolism, deserving further study starting from the menopausal transition.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2562195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia-preconditioned hUCMSCs protect frozen-thawed human ovarian tissue by modulating the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway.","authors":"Muqing Gu, Xiangyan Ruan, Jiaojiao Cheng, Yanglu Li, Yanqiu Li, Juan Du, Fengyu Jin, Yinmei Dai, Alfred Otto Mueck","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2597612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2597612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether hypoxia-preconditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) can protect frozen-thawed human ovarian tissue via in vitro co-culture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Frozen-thawed ovarian cortical pieces from 10 patients were randomly divided into a control group (no co-culture), <i>N</i>‑MSCs group (normoxia‑preconditioned hUCMSCs co-culture), and H‑MSCs group (hypoxia‑preconditioned hUCMSCs co-culture). Tissues in the co-culture groups were subjected to 48 h indirect Transwell co-culture. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL. Metabolic changes in the culture medium were measured, such as glucose consumption and lactate production, and AMH levels were determined. Oxidative stress in ovarian tissue was evaluated by measuring ROS and TAC. RNA-seq was performed, and key pathways were analyzed by GSEA. The protein expression of HIF-1α, VEGFA, GDF9, AKT, and p-AKT was examined by Western blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with both the control and N-MSCs groups, co-culture with H‑MSCs significantly reduced follicular atresia and apoptosis, while preserving a greater proportion of resting follicles. The H‑MSCs group presented lower glucose consumption and lactate production and elevated AMH levels in the culture medium. H‑MSCs markedly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Transcriptomic analysis showed that H‑MSCs induced a distinct gene expression profile characterized by upregulation of the HIF‑1 signaling pathway. H‑MSCs significantly upregulated HIF‑1α, VEGFA, and phosphorylated AKT at the protein level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This in vitro study showed that co-culture of ovarian tissue with H-MSCs provides stronger protection than N-MSCs. This effect likely involves the HIF-1α/VEGFA pathway, with enhanced pro-angiogenic signaling, reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress, and preservation of the follicular reserve.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2597612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145707929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of immunometabolic crosstalk in PCOS-related pregnancy loss: mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.","authors":"Feng Zhang, Jian Wu, Liping Ge, Ying Huang, Yawen Huang","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2600160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2600160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine-metabolic disorder affecting up to 18% of reproductive-aged women globally. Women with PCOS exhibit a significantly increased risk of miscarriage, independent of obesity and assisted reproduction variables. The etiology of PCOS-related pregnancy loss is multifactorial. Nevertheless, current clinical interventions target isolated mechanisms and demonstrate limited efficacy in reducing miscarriage rates.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review synthesize recent evidence connecting metabolic and immune dysregulation to pregnancy loss in PCOS and evaluate novel therapeutic strategies targeting immunometabolic pathways.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>This review first presents an overview of the mechanistic pathways implicated in PCOS-related miscarriage, including endocrine-metabolic dysfunction, immune-inflammatory imbalance, oxidative stress and ferroptosis, vascular and coagulation defects, and uterine-placental abnormalities. Both translational and clinical for interventions with dual metabolic-immune effects are highlighted, such as metformin, antioxidants likeN-acetylcysteine, anti-androgens, and combination regimens including aspirin with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). Agents with mechanistic promise but limited exploration, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, selenium nanoparticles, and stem cell-based therapies, are also discussed. Future directions for PCOS pregnancy care are outlined, emphasizing the integration of immunometabolic biomarkers, advanced animal models, and mechanism-informed combination trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCOS-related miscarriage is increasingly recognized as resulting from dysregulation of immune-metabolic crosstalk. Mechanism-based, multidimensional strategies targeting this dual pathology represent a promising paradigm for preventing and managing pregnancy loss in women with PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2600160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145742164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"John J. Sciarra: a life spent to foster women's health and rights.","authors":"Giuseppe Benagiano, Andrea R Genazzani, Joseph G Schenker, Shantha Shantha-Kumari","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2561452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2561452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2561452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral versus vaginal micronized progesterone in menopausal hormone therapy.","authors":"Cemal Tamer Erel, Ipek Betul Ozcivit Erkan","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2592400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2592400","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2592400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145654177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}