{"title":"Incidence of rotaviral diarrhea and its clinical profile comparison in under 5 children","authors":"N. A. Thirugnanasambandam., Subburaman. V.S.","doi":"10.18231/2455-6793.2018.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2455-6793.2018.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Rotavirus causes 40% of all hospital admissions due to diarrhea in under 5 children worldwide.\u0000Objectives: To study the incidence and clinical profile of rotaviral diarrhea and comparison of clinical, lab and demographic parameters with non rotaviral causes.\u0000Materials and Methods: Children presenting with acute diarrhea, defined as passage of 3 or more loose watery stools in under 5 years were examined for rotavirus using latex agglutination test. The incidence was calculated and the statistical difference in various clinical parameters plotted using chi square technique.\u0000Results: A total of 188 cases were enrolled for the study. 40 cases were tested positive accounting for 21%. Peak age group was 7 months to 2 years. Socioeconomically lower and middle groups, severe dehydration and hospital stay more than 4 days were more closely associated with rotaviral diarrhea.\u0000Conclusion: The incidence of rotaviral diarrhea was 21% in our study among 188 enrolled cases of acute diarrhea. Age group, severe dehydration, socioeconomic group and duration of hospital stay were significantly different in rotaviral diarrhea children.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Rotaviral diarrhea, Non-rotaviral diarrhea, Hospital stay, Dehydration.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115225824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Airborne environmental health hazards in children","authors":"P. Gupta","doi":"10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution both of indoor air and ambient air is an important source of morbidity and mortality in children Children are particularly vulnerable due to longer life span so that late manifestations appear clinicallyas well as behavioural aspects like increased hand-mouth activity. Common indor pollutants are tobacco smoke, mercury moulds and allergens while ambient air pollution is mainly due to particulate matter, lead from automobiles and oxides of suphur and nitrogen.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132727296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comprehensive study of morbidity in school going children in rural areas of western Rajasthan","authors":"S. K. Vishnoi, R. Jora, S. Choudhary, P. Chopra","doi":"10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: School age children (5-15 years) have not received as much attention from health providers/planners as the under fives. In India, several studies have been carried out on the health status of school age children. We have conducted to evaluate the extent and pattern of health status of school age children in village of Western Rajasthan by a mobile health team. Methods: This cross sectional epidemiological study was carried out in Osian block of Jodhpur district of Western Rajasthan over a period of one year. Medical officer and paramedical staff documented demographic and anthropometric data, including height, weight mid upper arm circumference, chest circumference, waist-circumference and blood pressure. Para medical staff was trained specifically for taking anthropometry and blood pressure in children. Results: Over a period of one year total 11651 children were screened. Dental carries was the most common problem followed by vision impairment and language delay (Table 1). Both males and females were equally affected (p >0.05). The overall intake of calories, iron, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin A was significantly less (p <0.05) than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Majority (52%) of the children were taking calorie and protein between 50–75% of requirement Conclusion: Educating the community about common diseases in children and their impact on the health of school age children, their etiology and prevention will go a long way in improving the quality of life of these children. By early detection and referral facility, there is less chances of complication of disease and better outcome of disease.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124963603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative study on serum thyroid hormone level in asphyxiated preterm and term newborn in cord blood at birth and 72 hrs of life, in a tertiary care center","authors":"M. Hemasundar, Vatsala Kishore, S. K. Dash","doi":"10.18231/2455-6793.2018.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2455-6793.2018.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Thyroid hormone is essential for somatic growth and neurodevelopment. Its level is influenced by various factors. Perinatal asphyxia which altered several homones in neonate still less is known about the effect on neonatal thyroid hormone levels. Our study is to evaluate the effect of perinatal asphyxia, that alters the thyroid function in both term and preterm asphyxiated newborn by comparing cord blood and 72 hours venous blood.\u0000Materials and Methods: A prospective case-control study was carried out at Tertiary care Gayatri Hospital. we evaluated thyroid function in 40 asphyxiated term newborns and 40 preterm newborns (34-36 wks) with with history of low apgar score at birth (< 6 at 1 and 5 min) with acidosis (pH < 7.20), and 40 normal healthy preterm, born by spontaneous vaginal delivery were taken. In all the cases proper maternal and perinatal history was taken and categorized accordingly. Cord blood and 72 hours after birth venous blood were collected in both babies and compared the level of thyroid hormones (T3, T4, TSH) via radioimmunoassay.\u0000Results: There was no significant difference in thyroid hormone, observed in cord blood and in venous sample 72 hours after birth in asphyxiated preterm as compared to term baby.\u0000Conclusion: Perinatal asphyxia affects thyroid function but there were less studies done so far over asphyxiated premature baby, to know the association between thyroid hormone level and asphyxia as term babies. So a larger study is needed to support and confirm our observations.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE), Thyroid stimulating Hormone (TSH), Non-thyroidal illness syndrome.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132681857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Umbilical cord blood “How long does it last? Does it ever expire?”: A study on general population’s awareness","authors":"Jaganmohan Rao Lukka, S. Das, Monalisha Subhudhi","doi":"10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A cord blood bank is a facility which stores umbilical cord blood (UCB) for future use in treating diseases of the blood and immune systems. Butit is not known how long cord blood can be stored and its cells remain viable. So, it is a big problem for the general public to go for storage and at the same time about the affordability of the unknown longevity and viability of UCB.\u0000In the present study, we tried to know the awareness among general public about the UCB and its longevity, viability and their affordability.\u0000Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary level teaching hospitals NRI medical college and general hospital over one year period from Nov 2016 to Oct 2017, with ethical committee approval. Our study is a cross sectional study consist of 802 general public, based on questionnaire on 20 questions such as Age, sex, education, socio economic status, what is cord blood, its use, cost, longevity.\u0000Result: During our study period, out of 802 general public, 513(64%) were aware of UCBB (408 educated, 105 uneducated) and 289(36%) are unaware. 284 out of 449 (56%) people had knowledge about the cord blood storage longevity, which was more than 20 years and the lowest 5 to 10 years by only 30 aware people of 65(08%).\u0000Conclusion: The knowledge about, how long to store and its cost in uneducated people is poor. So local and central bodies related to health should give recommendation and guideline related to storage and usefulness to all people and health professional at grass root level.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Umbilical cord blood (UCB), Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130812943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maternal anemia – an important determinant of low birth weight babies – An observational study from central India","authors":"Jyotsna Verma, Sapna K. Jain, S. Anand","doi":"10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A baby’s weight at birth is a strong indicator of maternal and newborn health and nutrition. Among the various factors affecting the birth weight, anemia during pregnancy still has been found to have a significant effect on weight as well as maturity of the baby. 1 Objective: Present study is an attempt to find out the impact of corrected maternal anemia on the perinatal outcome, assessed in terms of birth weight and gestational age in comparison to babies born to mothers with anemia during pregnancy and at the time of delivery. Materials and Methods: Total 144 pregnant women of 20±4 weeks of gestation with singleton pregnancy attending OPD of Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology from January 2015 to December 2015 were enrolled in our study. Antenatal mothers with hemoglobin level between 7–10 gm% constituted our study group, and were supplemented with hematinics. Perinatal outcome in terms of birth weight and gestational age was assessed in babies of mother with improved anemia and compared with babies delivered to mother with moderate anemia at the time of delivery. Results: Out of 144 registered~63.8% women had moderate anemia, which constituted our study group. On supplementation with hematinics to these antenatal mothers, improvement in mean hemoglobin was reported to be from 8.4 gm% to 11.4 gm%. On comparing Perinatal outcome of this group with babies of anaemic mother, there was statistically significant increase in low birth weight babies of 27.8% (p< 0.0023). No significant impact of maternal anemia on gestational age was appreciated in our study. Conclusion: Anemic mothers are at increased risk of delivering low birth weight babies, which again is an important determinant of survival and quality of life of a child. Positive impact of improvement of maternal anemia on birth weight of babies can be considered as an effective antenatal intervention taken to improve health of our newborns and their mothers.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126878450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Survival among pneumonic children: A prospective study of western Odisha","authors":"S. Majhi, B. Kashyap","doi":"10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pneumonia is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of our country, approximately 16% of deaths among children under 5 years of age globally and as per NITI Aayog report 2015; the under-five mortality rate (U5MR) of Odisha is 39 and the most common causes of under-five mortality being pneumonia. Many studies have been done on pneumonic children but currently survival analysis of these children is rare.\u0000Methods: The present observational, analytical, hospital based prospective cohort study was conducted over a period of 12 months in a tertiary hospital of western Odisha. Total 152 children were included in the study after satisfying the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and ethical committee approval by simple consecutive sampling method. CRF was used to record all relevant data of the study participants and SPSS v25 was used for survival analysis.\u0000Results: Median duration of survival in days of children with severe pneumonia (8.0, 6.60 to 9.39) is not significantly higher than the children with very severe pneumonia (7.0, 4.89 to 9.10) as evidenced by Breslow chi-square = 3.93 (1), p = 0.057. There is no overall difference in survival among gender, immunization status, breast feeding status, exposure to smoke, socio economic groups and gestational age as evidenced by p > 0.05.\u0000Conclusion: Disease survival (time to event analysis) is not affected by the severity (severe vs very severe pneumonia) of the illness, which may be due to the fact that late diagnosis and late referral from the peripheral centre. So the skill of the health workers and the health technologies should be strengthened at the primary level.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Very severe pneumonia, Severe pneumonia, Kaplan meier survival analysis, Mortality, CRF.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130059572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shalu Shah, S. Choudhury, P. Debnath, Praveen Jhanwar, R. Chadha
{"title":"Assessment of functional outcome in patients of Hirschprung’s disease following two stages Duhamel pull through","authors":"Shalu Shah, S. Choudhury, P. Debnath, Praveen Jhanwar, R. Chadha","doi":"10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/2581-4702.2018.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the functional outcome in patients of Hirschprung’s disease (HD) following two stages Duhamel pull through operation, that is levelling colostomy followed by the pull through. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of a busy tertiary care children’s hospital. Patients who completed the two stage Duhamel pull through operation at least 6 months prior and aged more than three years were included in the study. The quality of life (QOL) was assessed by using a questionnaire to the parents and clinical examination of the child. Continence status was assessed by applying the Krickenbeck Score. Results: Thirty patients were assessed after completion of two stage Duhamel pull through operation. Quality of life (QOL) was good in 27 patients (90%), fair in 2 patients (6.6%) and poor in 1 patient (3.3%). Voluntary Bowel Movement was present in 25 patients (83.3%) and absent in 5 patients (16.6%). Soiling was absent in 27 patients (90%) and present in 3 patients (10%). Among these 3 patients, 2 patients had grade 1 and 1 patient had grade 2 soiling. Constipation was absent in 26 patients (86.6%) and present in 4 patients (13.3%). Among these 4 patients, 1 patient had grade1 and 3 patients had grade 2 constipation. Conclusion: In patients of Hirschprung’s disease, fecal continence and the quality of life was satisfactory after the two stage Duhamel pull through operation.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121697328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Neogi, A. Radhakrishnan, S. Panda, R. Noonavath, Anju Verma
{"title":"Mesenteric and retroperitoneal chylus cyst in a neonate: unusual case report","authors":"S. Neogi, A. Radhakrishnan, S. Panda, R. Noonavath, Anju Verma","doi":"10.18231/j.ijmpo.2020.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2020.018","url":null,"abstract":"We are reporting an unusual case of diffuse chylous mesenteric cyst extending to the retroperitoneum in a neonate. The lump was unresectable as it was diffuse and mesenteric vessels traversed through it. The child was followed till one year of age and is asymptomatic. Repeat imaging shows persistence of the cysts.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"60 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122855894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children with iron deficiency anemia in western Rajasthan","authors":"Chandradeep Mastan, R. Jora, Priyanka Karnani","doi":"10.18231/j.ijmpo.2020.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmpo.2020.011","url":null,"abstract":"Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy reveals abnormal pathological findings in 55% patients of iron deficiency anemia therefore gastrointestinal pathology should be ruled out iron deficiency anemia not responding to the treatment.To determine the role of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and find out the pathological changes which occur in children with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) This cross-sectional study included 95 pediatric patients with iron deficiency anemia in the age group between 3 to 17 years who underwent routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. All potential bleeding lesions were identified and biopsy samples were taken from 2 part of duodenum for histopathological examinations. The mean age of cases was 7.3±3.3 years. Endoscopy revealed abnormal finding in 63.1% patients. The gastrointestinal pathologies identified were celiac disease in 22 patients, nonspecific duodenitis in 11 patients, H.Pylori duodenitis in 8 patients, erosive duodenitis in 7 patients and giardiasis in 3 patients. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy has a definitive role in identifying the underlying cause of iron deficiency anemia in patients not responding to conventional therapy.","PeriodicalId":128335,"journal":{"name":"IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115394377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}