Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of the Smartphone App for sending Text Reminders to reduce ‘No Shows’ in Speech Therapy Sessions at a Tertiary Care Centre in India","authors":"M. Alam, S. Munjal, Naresh K. Panda, Manisha Garg, Mannat Kaur Shipra","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.470","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: There is a need for intensive therapy following cochlear implantation, but many clients fail to show up for their scheduled appointments at the therapy centres. This study aimed to establish the efficacy of a Smartphone app in reducing the ‘no shows’ among the population with cochlear implants (CI). A secondary aim was to find the level of satisfaction with automated reminder SMS messages among parents of children with CI. Method: The study participants were 24 children with CI who were attending the Auditory Verbal Therapy sessions at a tertiary care centre. Half of them formed the study group and the other half the control group. Parents in the study group, with access to working mobile phones, received SMS text reminders about therapy and mapping sessions; parents in the control group did not receive any reminders. Data was analysed after 3 months, using a z test for proportions to find the difference in the mean percentage of ‘shows’ in the study and control groups. A questionnaire was administered to the parents in order to evaluate their satisfaction with the SMS reminders. Results: The number of 'shows' in the study group was 209 out of the scheduled 233 appointments, while the number of 'shows' in the control gorup was 173 out of the scheduled 232 appointments. The reminder system was effective for parents of children with cochlear implants to maintain appointment schedules with greater regularity as compared to the parents who did not receive the reminders. Conclusion: SMS text reminders via a Smartphone app are a low-cost and effective method of reducing the ‘no shows’ in the Auditory Verbal Therapy and mapping sessions for children with cochlear implants. Parents of the children in the study expressed a high level of satisfaction with the SMS text reminders. Future studies with a larger number of subjects could consider controlling the variables like income, education level, distance from the therapy centres and motivation of the parents. Results: The number of 'shows' in the study group was 209 out of the scheduled 233 appointments, while the number of 'shows' in the  control group was 173 out of the scheduled 232 appointments. The reminder system was effective for parents of children with cochlear implants to maintain appointment schedules with greater regularity as compared to the parents who did not receive the reminders.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123079703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speak Less but Act More","authors":"H. Cornielje","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132384454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges associated with Vocational Rehabilitation for Persons with Disability in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana","authors":"E. Acheampong, Godfred Atta-Osei, Alberta Nadutey, Peter Bredu-Darkwa, Gloria Boateng","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.416","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study examined the challenges associated with vocational rehabilitation for persons with disabilities in the Kumasi metropolis of Ghana. It assessed the support available for vocational rehabilitation delivery centres and suggested measures that could ensure effective delivery of services to persons with disabilities. Method: The study design was descriptive and qualitative. Purposive sampling was used to select 4 heads/managers and 11 tutors from four institutions offering vocational rehabilitation services for persons with disabilities. Interviews were conducted with the aid of semi-structured interview guides. Data was transcribed from audio-recordings and analysed using a thematic approach. The themes and codes are presented as findings and supported by quotes. Results: The study revealed that the vocational rehabilitation centres in the Kumasi metropolis face challenges such as: insufficient finance, infrastructure deficits, inadequate teaching and learning materials, and stigmatisation of staff members.  To counter these, participants proposed: prompt payment of government grants, increasing staff motivation, improvement in infrastructure, provision of adequate tools and equipment for teaching, and posting of additional tutors. Conclusion and Implications: The government of Ghana, through the Ministry of Education, must restore the goods and services grants, as well as administrative grants, and minimise delays in the release of funds. Non-governmental organisations that work towards funding disability-related activities should redirect their focus towards vocational rehabilitation for persons with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131090448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of Persons with Disabilities and their Quality of Life in Two Namibian Villages","authors":"T. Shumba, I. Moodley","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.408","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aimed to determine the convergence and divergence of the Photovoice method and the WHOQOL-BREF assessment in integrating the experiences of persons with disabilities with Community-Based Rehabilitation and their quality of life respectively. It also aimed to propose a shared framework for Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) programme evaluation in Namibia. Method: A qualitative phenomenological design was utilised. Twelve participants were part of this study.The primary data sets used for analysis were photographs taken during a study using the Photovoice method and the results from the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The Photovoice process preceded completion of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Information about the participants was gathered during the two phases. The CBR Matrix developed by the World Health Organisation was utilised to determine themes for the Photovoice method. Results of the Photovoice study were integrated with those of the WHOQOL-BREF to determine convergence and divergence. Results: Notably, most participants (n=8) in both study sites had low scores regarding their quality of social relationships and environment. Furthermore, the Photovoice method revealed negative experiences of the participants regarding the environment (physical safety and security, home environment, financial resources, health and social care, access to information, recreation and leisure, physical environment, and transport). By and large there was a stronger convergence than divergence of the Photovoice method and WHOQOL-BREF assessment. Conclusion and Implications: Notwithstanding the in-depth investigation, the small sample size limits generalisability of the research findings. A study with a larger sample size is needed to confirm the findings, especially regarding the WHOQOL-BREF assessment. This study proposes a practice framework for CBR programme evaluation in Namibia that integrates the WHO CBR Matrix, Photovoice method, WHOQOL-BREF and highlights from the other frameworks. Further studies are required to validate the framework.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126268531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic Factors Hindering Access to Healthcare by Persons with Disabilities in the Ahanta West Municipality, Ghana","authors":"H. Howard, Anastasia Baisiwa Rhule","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.419","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: An estimated 15% of the world’s population lives with disabilities of various types and 80% of them are in low-income countries, with limited or no access to basic services including healthcare and rehabilitation facilities. The general objective of the study was to determine the socioeconomic factors that hinder access to quality healthcare by persons with disabilities in the Ahanta West Municipality of Ghana. Method: A qualitative study was carried out. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants (persons with disabilities and healthcare workers). Data was collected through 10 in-depth interviews with health workers and 5 focus group discussions with persons with disabilities. Data was analysed based on the themes that emerged during the discussions. Results: The major social factors found to hinder access to quality healthcare were cultural explanations of disability and its causes, stigmatisation, and attitudes of healthcare workers towards persons with disabilities. The economic factors that created barriers include costs of treatment and assistive devices, unemployment, poverty, and transportation problems. Conclusion: A review of national health policy programmes and their implementation to ensure that the needs of persons with disabilities are adequately catered for. This study reveals that the current health policies and subsequent health services are not adequately considering the needs of persons with disabilities. It is recommended also, that there is the need for a change in attitude by the general public towards persons with disabilities. This in particular is a role of influential stakeholders such as government and NGOs engaging on effective public education to bring to the notice of the general public the meaning and cause of disability in order to reduce the way at which disability is explained from a cultural point of view.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127555843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employment Needs of Young Adults with Visual Disability need to be recognised in Kabul, Afghanistan","authors":"Fahima Ibrahimkhil, Freba Amarkhail, S. Sidek","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.390","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this qualitative paper was to understand the employment needs of young adults with visual disability in Kabul, Afghanistan. Method: The phenomenological approach was employed to obtain rich data based on the participants’ personal experiences. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 adults with visual disability, between 20-40 years of age, using open-ended questions to shed light on the employment needs of this population. The data derived from the interviews was transcribed, translated, and thematic analysis was performed. Results: Findings indicate that people with visual disability need to be equipped with essential skills to be competent workers. Support from employers and society is needed and, importantly, encouragement from family members and those involved in advocacy of the people with visual disabilities. Conclusion: Improving the public's awareness regarding personal and vocational abilities of people with visual disabilities, enhancing the skills necessary for employment, promoting their abilities, family support and maintaining positive attitudes are some of the strategies which could result in better employment prospects for people with visual disabilities in Afghanistan.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130674973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Residing in Environments of Different Metropolises in a Developing Country exert an Impact on Disability after Stroke?","authors":"S. M. Silva, F. Diaz-Quijano, Camila Ferreira da Cruz, Paula da Cruz Peniche, J. C. Corrêa, C. Faria","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.484","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aimed to analyse the association between the environment in two different Brazilian metropolises (Sao Paulo and Belo Horizonte) and disability after a stroke.  Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving individuals with chronic hemiparesis resulting from a stroke and residing in either Sao Paulo or Belo Horizonte. The environment (city of residence) was considered an independent variable and disability (modified Rankin scale) was the dependent variable. The following clinical and demographic covariates were considered: age, number of comorbidities, socio-economic class, motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer scale), emotional functioning (Geriatric Depression Scale) and walking ability (10-metre walk test). Results: A total of 114 individuals were analysed - 51 from Sao Paulo (SP) and 63 from Belo Horizonte (BH). No association was found between the environment in which the individual resides and the degree of disability (OR = 1.436; 95%CI: 0.547 - 3.770; p = 0.46). However, the following variables were predictors of post-stroke disability: motor impairment (OR = 0.216; 95% CI: 0.090 - 0.520; p Conclusion: Living in different Brazilian cities had no impact on post-stroke disability. In contrast, motor impairment and walking ability were responsible for 77.9% of the disability found in the sample. The study findings identify possible causes of disabilities after stroke; these could facilitate the most appropriate actions to be taken during rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133531320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Advocacy and Ally-Advocacy for Disability Justice: Organisational, Psychosocial, and Political Resources","authors":"H. McCarthy","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.402","url":null,"abstract":"The world of today sees more persistent, collective work of marginalised people resisting structural oppression rooted in racism and misogyny through newly-organised multinational movements like Black Lives Matter, #IamSpeaking, and Me Too. This has led to a rapid rise in public consciousness and activism about social injustices across many sectors of society. Ableism and other types of discrimination in education, employment and community-living experienced by people with a disability have both similarities to, and differences from, the indignity and impact of racism and misogyny. The activist disability community is working hard to have their advocacy agendas gain more public awareness and support. The common ground among all oppressed groups is their demand to have their human rights honoured. This requires two societal value shifts: (1) listening to voices outside the dominant culture and power structures through the involvement of insiders, based on their lived experience as members of the marginalised groups, and (2) collaborative advocacy to achieve milestones on their journey towards social justice. Applying these principles, this article aims to elevate and amplify the historical and current activities of self-advocates from the disability community to affirm and secure their human rights. The article provides explanations and examples of: (1) the complexities of disability-based discrimination; (2) political activism by the disability rights and independent living movements in the United States; (3) the psychosocial dimensions of embracing disability identity, culture, and pride; and (4) various outstanding consumer-driven artistic and organisational resources that are shaping the evolution of equal opportunity and disability justice.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133541861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling of Organisations of Persons with Disabilities: A Case Study in the People’s Democratic Republic of Lao","authors":"Ana Rodríguez, Mac MacLachlan, J. McVeigh","doi":"10.47985/DCIDJ.429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/DCIDJ.429","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The ability to have impact at scale is an important concern for Organisations of Persons with Disabilities (OPDs), but little is known about how scaling occurs in practice and the capacity of OPDs to undertake scaling. The aim of this study was to assess perceptions and experiences of scaling and broader organisational practices among a sample of people working for OPDs in Lao PDR. The study also aimed to deductively analyse the qualitative data in relation to a pre-defined socially inclusive scaling framework. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of people working with 10 OPDs operating in Lao PDR (n = 12; 6 female and 6 male). Participants included directors, administration personnel, and advisers of OPDs. Grounded theory was used to analyse the qualitative data. A deductive approach, comprising a multiple cycling coding process, was used to analyse the data in relation to the IPILA socially inclusive scaling framework. Results: Participants reported their perceptions of scaling and broader organisational practices in relation to eight themes: OPDs’ relationship with government; collaboration among OPDs; legal registration; operational challenges; good practices for success; different strategies across OPDs; next steps to improve the work of OPDs; and implementation of policies. Findings from the deductive analyses indicated that OPDs use different strategies to include their members and/or service-users. The OPDs scaled in different directions, despite facing operational challenges such as funding and technical expertise. While OPDs identified scaling practices, they react to rather than plan scaling opportunities. Conclusion: This study addressed the ways in which scaling is understood by OPDs in the context of Lao PDR. The findings show that OPDs recognise their good practices and the steps needed to scale, but lack planning and monitoring processes for scaling.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125085119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Use of Communication Supports Inventory- Children and Youth (CSI-CY) - to Identify Barriers and Facilitators in Implementing Augmentative and Alternative Communication in India: Preliminary Evidence from Two Case Reports","authors":"Dafiah Pm, K. Sreekumar, V. Philip","doi":"10.47985/DCIDJ.434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/DCIDJ.434","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems are very often abandoned by the users and caregivers due to potential challenges in implementation. This study aimed at exploring the use of Communication Supports Inventory-Children and Youth (CSI-CY), based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health-Children and Youth (ICF-CY), as a potential tool for identifying barriers and facilitators in AAC implementation in the southern part of India. Method: The CSI-CY was administered to the parents of a child with cerebral palsy and a child with autism spectrum disorder, respectively. Environmental facilitators and barriers that affect communication were rated. A semi-structured interview was also conducted to identify additional barriers and facilitators as identified by parents.  Results: Barriers related to services and policies, people and assistive technology, were identified for both cases. Additionally, the semi-structured interview identified barriers related to myths, clinicians, child, AAC use, economy and society. Conclusion: CSI-CY is a potential tool for clinicians to systematically identify and document barriers and facilitators to implement AAC. It can further assist them in setting goals and defining the necessary intervention for each child with disability. Early use of AAC contributes to better therapeutic outcomes.  Training should be given to professionals, special need educators and school teachers about different AACs and the appropriate techniques to be used. Counselling and evidence from earlier successful AAC interventions can dispel existing myths.  Awareness programmes, group discussions and training on AAC can be done to eliminate barriers that may exist among rehabilitation professionals in India.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123889822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}