Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19 Prevention and Difficulties experienced by Blind Persons in Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"R. Mungmunpuntipantip, V. Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.496","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"291 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115666136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Functions of Vocational Rehabilitation Using Agriculture in Japan","authors":"Kazuaki Maebara, Y. Goto, J. Yaeda","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.468","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Vocational horticultural therapy seems effective in the recovery of individuals with psychiatric disabilities; however, few studies have explored the factors underlying the effectiveness of such therapeutic intervention in the context of psychosocial vocational rehabilitation. While many jobs are available in metropolitan areas such as Tokyo, agricultural jobs are often limited, especially at sheltered workshops for individuals with disabilities (Type B Support Centres) in Japan. Methods: A mail survey was conducted with 119 administrators of Type B Support Centres in Akita Prefecture, a northern area of Japan. Respondents were asked to complete the “Efficacy of Agricultural Vocational Rehabilitation” (EAVR) questionnaire which was developed by the authors of this article. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors: “Reassurance” and “Place of Exchange.” There was no significant difference between the perceived effectiveness of vocational horticultural therapy in farming and non-farming job categories. Support Centres that offered farming opportunities seemed to provide more direct job opportunities, preferences, and possibilities. On the other hand, Centres that did not offer farming seemed to focus more on central administration, operational management, independent handling of matters, and collaboration with other support institutions. Conclusion: While Type B Support Centres in Japan offer support in farming jobs, they do not provide enough support for horticultural therapy for people with psychiatric conditions. To promote collaboration between Type B Support Centres that offer farming jobs and social welfare centres that have expertise in horticultural therapy, it is necessary to disseminate knowledge about the benefits of horticultural therapy. * Corresponding Author: Kazuaki Maebara, Akita University, Japan. Email: maebara-kazuaki@ed.akita-u.ac.jp","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129804720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"/t/ before /ʈ/ or /ʈ/ before /t/: Emerging Trends from a Preliminary Study of Consonant Acquisition in Typically developing Sinhala-speaking Children aged 3 to 6 years","authors":"S. Hettiarachchi, M. Ranaweera, R. Rajapaksha","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.456","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122810437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological Approaches to Researching Organisations of Persons with Disabilities: a Case Study from Uttarakhand, North India","authors":"Danielle Green, N. Grills","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.459","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Organisations of Persons with Disabilities (OPDs) are promoted to encourage the inclusion of persons with disabilities in development programmes. However, there is litt le peer-reviewed literature on the eff ectiveness of OPDs in low and middle-income countries. This Case Study in Utt arakhand State of North India, aimed to explore the methodological approaches used to understand and evaluate the formation and function of OPDs. Method: The Nossal Institute of Global Health, Australia, partnered with the Utt arakhand Cluster (an NGO in India) to facilitate the development of Organisations of Persons with Disabilities. Five research studies were undertaken between 2014 and 2018 to understand their formation and function. The current Case Study has focused on these 5 studies, examined the qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches that were used in each study, summarised their fi ndings, and analysed the advantages and limitations of the methodologies used in the context of the formation and function of OPDs. Results: The methodologies used included: Thematic analysis; Realist Evaluation; Participatory Action Research using Videovoice; Social Network Analysis; and a Cluster Randomised Trial. By examining the 5 selected studies, rather than drawing conclusions from any individual methodology, this Case Study derived a bett er understanding of OPDs in Utt arakhand. OPDs were seen to have had positive impacts across a variety of domains.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121374550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of Caregivers on Pubertal Changes among Young Adolescent Girls with Cerebral Palsy: a Qualitative Analysis","authors":"A. Rao, Hitesh N Shah, M. Gore, K. R. Nayar, B. Vijayan","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.465","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Girls with cerebral palsy can have limited capacity to cope with pubertal issues. It results in their parents being burdened with additional caregiving during this period. A qualitative study was undertaken among parents of girls with cerebral palsy to understand the caregivers’ challenges and concerns. Method: Twenty-one interviews were conducted among purposively selected parents and caregivers of young adolescent girls with cerebral palsy in a tertiary care referral hospital in South India. The interview questions were related to menstrual hygiene, behavioural changes around puberty, fear of sexual abuse, and perceptions about contraception. Transcripts were coded and, after data anonymisation, manual thematic analysis was done using an inductive approach. Results: A total of 6 themes emerged, related to identification of problems, treatment-seeking patterns of the caregivers, social support and perspectives on contraception, pubertal challenges and concerns of parents for the future of their girls. Caregivers reported that puberty in girls with cerebral palsy places an additional burden on the caregivers. They were also worried about the safety of their girl children. Contraception and menstrual suppression were not considered as options. Caregivers wanted education and financial independence for their children. Conclusion: Awareness of methods of managing pubertal issues, shared","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125411402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Neo-colonial Are We in What we are Doing?","authors":"H. Cornielje","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.533","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133320564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility Assessment of the ICF Minimal Generic Set as a Disability Screening Tool in Rural Nepal","authors":"Paul Witte, S. Tamang, C. Groves, D. House, Laxman Khadka, Thorang Bhotia, Jeff Hartman","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.460","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose : Nepal’s 2017 Disability Rights law provided a new national definition of disability consistent with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Updated measurement methods are now indicated to assess disability, suitable for use in populations where self-report tools may be sub-optimal. This study describes the development and field testing of a screening methodology using a clinical assessment conducted by trained non-professionals to score the ICF Minimal Generic Set (MGS). Method : A prospective, 2-stage assessment of disability was conducted over an eight-month period among a convenience sample of individuals aged ≥ 18, admitted to a rural District Hospital in Northeastern Nepal. After 30 hours of training, non-professional assessors completed Stage 1 screening during hospital admission, with positive screening thresholds set on the basis of MGS scores. A physiotherapist completed Stage 2 assessments in the homes of participants with long-term disability, after their hospital discharge. Results : Data from 161 participants was analysed, with 159 (98.8%) screening positive for either temporary or long-term disability. Stage 1 screening was completed independently by assessors in 8-12 minutes. Of the 35 participants (21.7%) with positive screening for long-term disability, 13 (37.1%) underwent Stage 2 detailed evaluation. Disability was confirmed in all Stage 2 assessments, indicating feasibility of the screening process.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121756290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Well-Being, Academic Self-Concept and Academic Achievement of Indian Children with Specific Learning Disability by utilising Positive Psychology Intervention","authors":"U. Upadhyay","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.491","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: It is widely recognised that children’s well-being involves not only the absence of psychological distress, but also the presence of positive indicators of optimal functioning to be mentally healthy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a Positive Psychology Intervention (PPI) implemented in schoolgoing children with specific learning disability (SLD) would lead to increased subjective well-being (SWB), improved academic self-concept (ASC) and academic achievement (AA). Method: The study followed a one group pre-test post-test design. Purposive sampling was used to select 75 children with SLD (61 boys and 14 girls) from 3 schools in Telangana State, India. Children who were between 8 – 12 years of age (in classes 3 – 7) were selected on the basis of the inclusion criteria. The main outcome measures used were Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children (PANAS-C) and Academic Self-Concept Scale. Academic achievement was recorded through total marks scored by the student in all the core subjects (language/s, math, science, social studies) of the semester examination. The Positive Psychology Intervention consisted of activities integrating gratitude, mindfulness and attributional style. Each class group received weekly sessions of group intervention for 12 weeks. Results were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20.0). Wilcoxon signed-rank test was calculated to find the difference between pre-, post-and follow-up scores. Results: The findings showed significant increase in the levels of subjective well-being, academic self-concept and academic achievement of children with SLD after PPI. The follow-up after 6 months found the effect was maintained","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120960079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unclear Task? The Perspectives of Swedish Preschool and Special Needs Teachers on their Role in Assessing and Documenting Child Development","authors":"Maja Erlandsson, Christina Gustavsson, P. Karlsudd","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.457","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study explored how preschool and special needs teachers in Sweden perceive their own role and the role of each other in the preschools’ documentation and assessment practices. It examines the possible consequences of this perception and of the actions based on it for children with special needs. Method: The study took a qualitative approach. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven special needs teachers and seven preschool teachers from different schools and municipalities. Results: The results show that the preschool and special needs teachers’ roles regarding assessment and documentation, as described and specified in the curriculum, are contradictory and difficult. Assessing an individual child’s knowledge development by observing and documenting the child group was regarded as problematic by both occupational groups, and further training in assessments was sought. Conclusion and Implications: Clear differences were found between the way in which preschool teachers and special needs teachers performed observations and assessments and documented them. Preschool teachers mainly used participant observations at a group level, while special needs teachers were usually tasked with observing a particular child. Preschool teachers’ reluctance to document the performance of individual children might result in children’s special needs remaining hidden. It is important to find methods which endorse assessments that allow for and appreciate diversity, and that are not based on normative notions which often result in differentiating between children and dividing them into different groups of learners based on their perceived level of knowledge. Limitations: From the interview results, it has sometimes been difficult to differentiate between the concepts of observation, documentation and assessment as they are often parts of a whole within the context of preschools. As the survey was of limited scope, the results cannot be generalised to all Swedish preschools, but the data obtained could provide important guidance for further work with inclusive preschools.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121427015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Kannada version Fatigue Severity Scale among Kannada-speaking Individuals with Neurological Disorders: a Cross-Sectional Study done in South India","authors":"Akhila Jagadish, Manikandan Natarajan, J. Solomon","doi":"10.47985/dcidj.450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47985/dcidj.450","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) has been translated and validated in many languages across the world. Since it is a self-reported scale, it is necessary for clients to understand the components in order to quantify them. However, to date, the version in Kannada, the language spoken locally in the state of Karnataka in South India, has not been validated. This study aimed to perform cross-cultural adaptation and determine concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the Kannada version among Kannada-speaking individuals with neurological disorders. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the neuro-rehabilitation unit of a tertiary care hospital in southern Karnataka. Cultural adaptation of the scale was targeted at the Kannada-speaking population. It was pilot tested among 30 individuals with neurological conditions. The adapted scale was then evaluated for concurrent validity along with the Visual Analogue Fatigue Scale, by correlating the scores of fatigue assessed by both the scales among 83 participants. Reassessment of fatigue was done on all the participants the following day, to determine the test-retest reliability of the Kannada-version FSS scale among individuals with neurological disorders. Results: The Kannada version of the Fatigue Severity Scale showed an excellent correlation with Visual Analogue Fatigue Scale scores (r = 0.71, p Conclusion and Implications: The culturally-adapted Kannada version of the Fatigue Severity Scale has proved to be a valid and reliable tool to assess severity of fatigue among Kannada- speaking individuals with neurological disorders. It could therefore be used routinely as an efficient tool for the effective assessment and management of fatigue in clients with all types of neurological conditions.","PeriodicalId":127712,"journal":{"name":"Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126388400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}