Gondwana Research最新文献

{"title":"Tectonic attribute of the Lincang terrane in the eastern Tethyan domain","authors":"Xinchen Yuan ,&nbsp;Junlai Liu ,&nbsp;Chaojie Zheng ,&nbsp;Chengyang Ling ,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Chen ,&nbsp;Hongshuai Shan ,&nbsp;Yue Hou ,&nbsp;Lei Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Closure of the Proto–Tethys Ocean and opening of the Paleo–Tethys Ocean played crucial role in the global plate tectonic reconfiguration in the early to late Paleozoic transition. How the Proto– and Paleo–Tethys transition occurred in the eastern Tethyan domain has been a topic of hot debates in the last decades. Compilation of published and our new data on detrital zircon U–Pb dating and whole–rock geochemical analysis from the Lincang and contiguous blocks in the eastern Tibetan Plateau provide constraints on the paleogeographic positions and tectonic affinities of these blocks during the Proto– to Paleo–Tethys Ocean evolution in the Paleozoic. The results show that the Lincang terrane, as a magmatic arc terrane, was geographically proximal to the Baoshan block in the northern margin of the Australian and Indian plates of the Gondwana during the early Paleozoic. The block, however, drifted as part of the passive margin of the South China–Indochina block in the Paleo–Tethys Ocean and received sedimentary inputs from the latter. Through MDS analysis of detrital zircon data, the Yunxian-Menghai Proto–Tethys ocean to Changning-Menglian Paleo–Tethys ocean, in which the Baoshan and Lincang blocks were evolved. The Changning-Menglian Paleo-Tethys Ocean opened as a post-collisional rift basin. Closure of the Proto–Tethys Ocean was followed by opening of the Paleo–Tethys Ocean that separated the Lincang terrane from the Greater Gondwana. This study reveals that changes in mantle convection regime during the plate interactions and evolution of ocean basins are the primary driving forces behind the subduction of oceanic plates, and rifting and drifting of continental blocks. The study underscores the intricate dynamics of plate tectonics and the significance of geochronological and geochemical investigations in deciphering the complex history of continental blocks and plate interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 125-141"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamorphic evolution of overriding plate reveals the deep geodynamic process during continental subduction and collision: Insights from the North Qaidam tectonic belt, northern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Yijie Gao ,&nbsp;Delong Jing ,&nbsp;Yuegao Liu ,&nbsp;Min Zhao ,&nbsp;Kai Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiangwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Huilei Kong ,&nbsp;Shuangshuang Wang ,&nbsp;Ningchao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The timing and mechanism of the transition from continental subduction to exhumation (TSE) are important perspectives to decipher the tectonic evolution of orogenic belt. The difficulties in discriminating prograde, peak and retrograde eclogite-facies zircon in subducted continental rocks make it hard to constrain the timing of TSE. Actually, the TSE would cause the extension of the overriding plate and thus theoretically influence the metamorphic pressure–temperature evolution of rocks from the overriding plate, which, in turn, provides a potential approach to recover the TSE. An integrated study of petrography, mineral chemistry, zircon and monazite geochronology and geochemistry, conventional geothermometer and phase equilibrium modeling was carried out on the pelitic gneisses collected from Oulongbuluke block of the North Qaidam tectonic belt. The pelitic gneisses preserve distinct mineral assemblages, textures and compositions corresponding to prograde, peak, and retrograde metamorphism. Trace element signature and U–Pb geochronology of zircon and monazite record remarkable abundance changes of garnet and plagioclase at ca. 434 Ma. The data, coupled with <em>P–T</em> results obtained from conventional geothermometer and phase equilibrium modeling, reveal a clockwise pressure–temperature<em>-</em>time path, which is characterized by a peak <em>P–T</em> condition of 5.7–6.5 kbar and 713–736 °C at ca. 434 Ma, and a retrograde decompression and cooling process to 3.8–4.2 kbar and 659–672 °C; the metamorphic peak at ca. 434 Ma undoubtedly formed in the context of continental subduction and collision, and the retrograde decompression and cooling process of rocks from the overriding Oulongbuluke block fits well with the numerical results of deep slab-breakoff. The results link the first reported Silurian peak metamorphism of the Oulongbuluke block to the deep geodynamic process, and would help to understand the tectonic evolution of the North Qaidam tectonic belt and zircon behavior during metamorphism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics in the black-odor rivers in Harbin city, China: Abundance, characteristics, and ecological risk assessment","authors":"Shuangshuang Wang ,&nbsp;Lanjin Fang ,&nbsp;Kejing Wang ,&nbsp;Xingbin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) pollution has been found in natural water environments, but there are no studies on the presence of MPs in black-odor rivers. In this paper, the microplastics were initially identified by chemical digestion and microscopic identification, and then the abundance, characteristics and polymer types of MPs in water and sediment samples were identified by laser infrared spectroscopy. Then, the correlation of MPs and various environmental factors were examined, and discussed the source analysis, environmental impact factors, and potential ecological risks of MPs. Results showed that the microplastic abundance of the black-odor rivers in Harbin city was at an upper middle level. PET, PP, PE, PU and ACR were the major polymers. Fiber, transparent, and 50–100 μm were dominant shape, color, and size of MPs, respectively. Major sources of MPs in Dongfeng River and Hejia River were domestic sewage, sewage treatment plant effluent, and agricultural source. Microplastics abundance in surface water of black-odor rivers was inversely related to dissolved oxygen (DO) and positively related to the concentration of total organic carbon (TOC), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄-N), and phosphates (H₃PO₄). Indices of pollution load (PLI_river) and the hazard index (PHI_river) yielded a Hazard Level I and III for MPs pollution in black-odor rivers, respectively. Potential ecological risk of the composite MPs polymer (ERI_river) is at a medium to considerable risk level. Our findings established the first set of baseline data on MPs pollution in black-odor rivers which would improve the understanding of MPs fate and ecological risk in polluted rivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volcanism-driven synchronous terrestrial and marine anoxia during the Kungurian (early Permian)","authors":"Kai Zhou ,&nbsp;Minfang Yang ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang ,&nbsp;Ran Gao ,&nbsp;Peixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Longyi Shao ,&nbsp;Weichao Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Lu ,&nbsp;Jason Hilton","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the Late Paleozoic Icehouse (LPI) interval from the Late Devonian to the Late Permian, Earth transitioned repeatedly between icehouse to greenhouse conditions and widespread ocean anoxic conditions prevailed in the Kungurian stage of the Permian. Previous studies of Kungurian anoxia have focused on marine strata, and the driving mechanism for these dramatic environmental and climatic changes are poorly understood. We studied Kungurian-aged deltaic deposits from the Yuzhou Coalfield in the southern North China Platform to investigate terrestrial environmental conditions contemporaneous with anoxic marine strata. A significant anoxic interval was recognized by high-resolution mineralogical and geochemical analyses that coincides with the Kungurian negative carbon isotope excursion (KCIE) and peaks in Hg/TOC ratio. Proxy evidence from the Yuzhou Coalfield shows this anoxic interval was accompanied by warmer and more humid climates, high paleo-productivity, and strong continental weathering. We attribute early Kungurian anoxia in the Yuzhou Coalfield to carbon cycle perturbation due to its synchronous occurrence with the KCIE and volcanism in the Tarim and Zaduo large igneous provinces. Based on the relationship between <em>p</em>CO₂ concentration and carbon isotope fractionation, we suggest that volcanic eruptions, magma intrusions into organic-rich storage, and methane hydrate dissolution released large quantities of isotopically depleted carbon into the atmosphere, leading to the KCIE. Massive emissions of volcanic Hg contributed to the mercury anomaly in sedimentary strata. Global climatic warming likely enhanced oceanic evaporation and intensified the hydrological cycle, resulting in increased continental weathering, terrestrial runoff and nutrient inputs, as well as water stratification and widespread bottom water anoxia in marine and terrestrial settings. Our results show that Kungurian anoxia occurred synchronously in both marine and freshwater settings, as it did in the stratigraphically younger Toarcian (T-OAE) and Cretaceous (OAE1a and OAE1b) Ocean Anoxic Events (OAEs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 120-129"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board (IFC)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1342-937X(25)00074-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1342-937X(25)00074-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"141 ","pages":"Page IFC"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Paleozoic history of Armorica recounted through anorogenic to vaugneritic magmatism","authors":"Martial Caroff ,&nbsp;Bernard Le Gall ,&nbsp;Nicolas Estèves ,&nbsp;Jean-Alix Barrat ,&nbsp;Jessica Langlade ,&nbsp;Céline Liorzou ,&nbsp;Philippe Nonnotte ,&nbsp;Marie-Laure Rouget","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Plouaret-Commana-Huelgoat (PCH) vaugnerite-granite complex, emplaced at around 315 Ma on both sides of the North Armorican Shear Zone (NASZ) in the Armorican Massif (France), can be regarded as the “axial pivot” around which a large part of the history of the Armorican magmatism was revolving. Indeed, four main magmatic cycles can be distinguished in the Ordovician/Early Permian time-span over much of the considered areas, i.e. North and Central Armorican Domains (N/CAD): (1) several anorogenic mafic complexes (plutons, dykes and/or lavas) were successively emplaced from the Ordovician to Early Carboniferous; (2) near the Bashkirian/Moscovian time-boundary, when the N/CAD started to record the effects of the Variscan collision, magmatism became predominantly lamprophyric/vaugneritic (K-rich West-Armorican kersantites and PCH vaugnerites), prior to (3) the generalized granitic peak during the Moscovian-Kasimovian ages, in turn followed by (4) a K-rich intermediate magmatic activity, including again vaugnerites and the last granitic intrusions, during the late-/post-collision stages in the upper Pennsylvanian-Early Permian time-period. The sharp geochemical break evidenced in the present work between an early anorogenic magmatic group and a syn- to post-collisional system in the N/CAD emphasizes the original magmatic history recorded by part of Armorica, including probably the Central Iberian Zone (CIZ), during the nearly entire Paleozoic era compared to those commonly applied to the rest of the European Variscan orogen. This evolution is assumed to result from: (1) large-scale asthenospheric upheavals due to the downward straightening and retreat of variously plunging slabs during the Paleozoic times, (2) partial melting of metasomatized lithospheric/asthenospheric mantle due to fluid release from fragments of buried continental crust, and (3) crustal anatexis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 130-151"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proterozoic crustal evolution of the eastern Vindhyan basin, central India: Constraints from geophysical and geochronological data","authors":"Choppalli Visweswara Rao,&nbsp;Sumanta Kumar Sathapathy,&nbsp;Munukutla Radhakrishna,&nbsp;Yellalacheruvu Giri,&nbsp;Peringat Unnikrishnan Naveen","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Vindhyan basin is one of the major Proterozoic basins in the Indian shield bounded by Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) in the south and Bundelkhand craton in the north having thick sedimentary succession. Interaction of basin with CITZ and its imprints on regional crustal structure is important to understand its evolution. In this study, a detailed interpretation of gravity and aeromagnetic anomaly maps with constraints from multi-channel seismic data is carried out in the Son valley part of the Vindhyan basin to identify its structural links with the surrounding tectonic domains. The 3-D gravity inversion along with 2-D gravity and magnetic modelling helped to delineate the crustal architecture and Moho geometry which reveal that the Moho below the basin varies between 38–46 km with the deepest Moho in southern part along its boundary. The crustal models in the study area further reveal i) higher density and magnetization for lower Vindhyan sediments because of intrusive rocks/ volcano clastic sediments, ii) the eastern part of basin is devoid of crustal underplating iii) basement high, complex rift tectonics and basin tilting in Damoh region, iv) undulating crustal layers intervened by deep crustal faults in the southern part of the basin and the CITZ region, and v) the Bundelkhand Tectonic Zone and Madaura Shear Zone in the craton are characterized by deep crustal faults. In this paper, we propose a geodynamic evolutionary model of the Vindhyan basin which reveals opening of the basin subsequent to the formation of CITZ during ∼ 2000–2200 Ma. The basin sediments were deposited in multiple stages during 1700–1000 Ma followed by the basin closure during 1000–750 Ma. Hence, it is inferred that the post tectonic activity of the CITZ affected the Son Narmada fault zone and facilitated the opening of Vindhyan basin during the Paleoproterozoic period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 92-107"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quartz reactivity in the formation of supercritical hydrothermal systems","authors":"Ye Gong ,&nbsp;Tianfu Xu ,&nbsp;Yilong Yuan ,&nbsp;Guanhong Feng ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Gherardi","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supercritical geothermal is garnering increasing interest as an emerging geothermal resource. Its formation is closely associated with shallow magmatic intrusions, which induce intense geochemical reactions under conditions of extremely high pressure and temperature. Quartz is the most abundant mineral in the crust, whose geochemical behavior influences the porosity–permeability evolution and the heat transfer mechanism. Understanding dissolution and precipitation patterns of quartz is critical for targeting favorable reservoirs for supercritical geothermal development. In this study, we improved a widely-used, general-purpose reactive transport modeling program to enable its applicability under supercritical conditions. In our treatment, we developed an equation of state (EoS) module to consider fluid and heat flow, and incorporated empirical laws derived from the literature to account for quartz reactivity in liquid, gaseous, and supercritical phases under both equilibrium and kinetically-controlled conditions. A 2-D model is built based on the IDDP-1 well in Iceland to investigate quartz evolutionary patterns during the formation of a supercritical geothermal reservoir following the emplacement of a magmatic body at upper-crustal depth. Due to the enhanced reactivity under high-temperature conditions, we observed negligible differences between equilibrium and kinetically-controlled scenarios. Our findings indicate that quartz reactivity under supercritical conditions over a long period can be satisfactorily modeled with a computational approach based on equilibrium thermodynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 20-31"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microcontinental collision in the East Gondwana orogen: Evidence from geology, geochemistry, and geochronology of the collision boundary “Berrnabbane” in the Lützow-Holm Complex, East Antarctica","authors":"Nobuhiko Nakano ,&nbsp;Sotaro Baba ,&nbsp;Shin-ichi Kagashima ,&nbsp;Ji Wan Jeong ,&nbsp;Fransiska Ayuni Catur Wahyuandari","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the unexplored outcrop “Berrnabbane” in the western Lützow-Holm Complex, eastern Dronning Maud Land within East Gondwana orogen. Various protolith ages are identified from the small outcrop, which can be considered as small-scale analogs of the extensive Lützow-Holm Complex. These rocks with different protolith ages are in contact with each other without obvious shear zones. The central to the southern part is composed of felsic gneiss with a protolith age of 2.5 Ga. These rocks are derived from a microcontinent formed by slab melting in an initial island arc tectonic setting. The central Berrnabbane includes felsic gneiss and mafic granulite with a protolith age of 1.9 Ga. These rocks are enclosed within pelitic gneiss, with a maximum depositional age of 1.8 Ga. These rocks correspond to the continental margin arc, including an accretionary prism developed around the 2.5 Ga microcontinental margin. The northern part comprises felsic gneiss with a protolith age of 1.0 Ga, which originated from another juvenile continent. The duration of metamorphism differs between rocks with the 2.5 Ga (with 1.9–1.8 Ga reworked margin) and the 1.0 Ga continents. Both share the event during 550–500 Ma, whereas only the 2.5 Ga continent preserves former thermal events from ∼ 600 Ma. The earlier event might be the crustal thickening caused by the collision and burial of the 2.5 Ga microcontinent beneath the 1.0 Ga continent, and the latter event should be a cratonic collision known as the Kuunga Orogeny. The prolonged orogenesis preserved only in the 2.5 Ga microcontinent suggests that radiogenic heat production would play an important role in extremely high-temperature metamorphism in the East Gondwana orogeny. The present results indicate that the Lützow-Holm Complex correlates more closely with the Sri Lankan Complexes than with other complexes in Dronning Maud Land during the amalgamation of Gondwana.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 73-91"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Igla Sn-(W-Be) deposit, Egypt: Prolonged magmatic-metasomatic processes during the middle stage evolution of the Arabian-Nubian Shield","authors":"Basem Zoheir ,&nbsp;Patrick Carr ,&nbsp;Xinyue Xu ,&nbsp;Armin Zeh ,&nbsp;Dennis Kraemer ,&nbsp;Ryan McAleer ,&nbsp;Matthew Steele-MacInnis ,&nbsp;Azza Ragab ,&nbsp;Fatma Deshesh","doi":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gr.2025.02.021","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Igla Sn-(W-Be) deposit in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt is associated with a suite of granitic rocks, including monzogranite, granophyric granite, and porphyritic leucogranite. These rocks belong to a calcic to calc-alkalic series, characterized by low Mg# values and low Ti and P concentrations. Monzogranite and granophyric granite show features typical of fractionated volcanic-arc I-type granites, while the leucogranite, with its distinct Rb/Ba, K/Rb, and Ga/Al ratios, is classified as a highly evolved A-type granite. Mineralization at Igla mine includes cassiterite and wolframite, along with minor molybdenite, arsenopyrite, columbite, and tourmaline, mainly hosted in beryl ± topaz-quartz veins and miarolitic cavities within greisen and silica-rich stockwork.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Zircons from the monzogranite show LREE enrichment, moderate positive Ce anomalies, and moderately oxidizing conditions (ΔFMQ ≃ 1.75), while granophyric granite zircons exhibit higher HREE enrichment and more oxidizing conditions (ΔFMQ ≃ 1.04). Leucogranite zircons have the highest REE concentrations, more pronounced negative Eu anomalies, and distinctly reducing conditions (ΔFMQ ≃ -0.06). U–Pb dating of zircon and xenotime reveals concordant &lt;sup&gt;206&lt;/sup&gt;Pb/&lt;sup&gt;238&lt;/sup&gt;U ages of 708.7 ± 2.0 &lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;Ma for monzogranite, 701.3 ± 1.5 Ma for the granophyric granite, and a noticeably younger age for the leucogranite (605.1 ± 2.4 Ma).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Petrography and microchemistry of cassiterite reveal two distinct stages: an earlier generation (Cst-I) with straight oscillatory zoning, and a later chaotically zoned generation (Cast-II) that overgrows and crosscuts the former. U-Pb dating confirms two discernable age populations: Cst-I, with a weighted mean &lt;sup&gt;206&lt;/sup&gt;Pb/&lt;sup&gt;238&lt;/sup&gt;U age of 637.4 ± 1.4 Ma; and Cst-II ages scatter from 605 to 588 Ma, partially overlapping with the leucogranite formation. Wolframite, although less precisely dated at 615.3 ± 4.3 Ma, suggests rejuvenated tectonics, magmatism, and hydrothermal activities, culminating in the formation of Cst-II. Primary aqueous fluid inclusions in quartz indicate deposition from a low-salinity aqueous fluid with undetectable dissolved gas, while trails of aqueous-carbonic inclusions with slightly higher salinity and appreciable gas (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) contents occur together in the same crosscutting trails with arsenopyrite and bismite inclusions. The variable contents of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in these inclusions suggest that carbon redox equilibria within the ore-forming fluid may have played a pivotal role in linking redox potentials, facilitating the deposition of arsenopyrite, bismite, and Cst-II.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The improved age constraints highlight the role of highly evolved transcrustal magmatism in mobilizing and upgrading early rare metal concentrations, coinciding with the ∼ 650–600 Ma geodynamic transition in the Arabian-Nubian Shield. Crustal thinning, partial melting ","PeriodicalId":12761,"journal":{"name":"Gondwana Research","volume":"142 ","pages":"Pages 20-43"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}