SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Role of Small Scale Industries (SSIs) in Rural Development of India","authors":"N. Verma","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2988222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2988222","url":null,"abstract":"In Agro-based economy like India, rural development is none less than its foundation of overall development and small scale industries (SSIs) are similar to bricks used in building this foundation. There are numerous names which establish a small scale unit long ago and today it has turned in to a big group. Throughout their journey, they have given big push to rural development and economy of the country. Even Government has made various initiatives to promote and strengthen SSIs so that they may keep contributing to GDP, consequently rural development is on continuous mode. The present paper deals with the analysis of the factors being responsible for the success of SSIs in playing a significant role in rural development of India. It also discusses the paths through which this development is being put forward by SSIs of India. Finally, it lays some suggestions to correlate SSIs with other requisite developmental plans to accelerate the rural growth of the country. The study is descriptive in nature and banked upon secondary data.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133592622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment of Sustainability of Bulgarian Farms","authors":"Hrabrin Bachev Храбрин Башев","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2928202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2928202","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of assessment sustainability of agricultural farms as a whole and of different type is among the most topical for researchers, farmers, investors, administrators, politicians, interests groups and public at large. Despite that practically there are no assessments on sustainability level of Bulgarian farms in conditions of European Union Common Agricultural Policy implementation. This article applies a holistic framework and assesses sustainability of Bulgarian farms as a whole and of different juridical type, size, production specialization, and ecological and geographical location. Initially the method of the study is outlined, and overall characteristics of surveyed holdings presented. After that an assessment is made of integral, governance, economic, social, environmental sustainability of farms in general and of different type and location. Next, structure of farms with different sustainability levels is analyzed. Finally, factors for improving sustainability of Bulgarian farms are identified, and directions for further research and amelioration of farm management and public intervention in the sector suggested.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115640212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Wisdom of Farm Advisors: Knowing Who and Knowing Why","authors":"G. Kuehne, R. Llewellyn","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2897232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2897232","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most profound changes to the delivery of agricultural extension services over recent decades in Australia, and in many other places in the world, has been the decline in public extension and increased reliance on private farm advisors. While the importance of advisory support in facilitating adoption of agricultural innovations has been clearly demonstrated in many studies, few studies have explored the farmer-advisor relationship from the perspective of knowledge exchange. This paper uses the role that farm advisors play in facilitating farmers’ adoption of complex agricultural technologies as a case example for understanding the different types of knowledge involved. Face-to-face interviews were carried out with thirty farmers from across the South Eastern Australian broad-acre cropping regions who used advisors. \u0000We developed a model combining the knowledge components and the DIKW hierarchy models to make the value that agronomists provide to farmers in the form of wisdom more understandable. The proposed model is a way to understand how the different levels of the hierarchy are useful, how those interacting with the different levels of the hierarchy can benefit from others, or be of benefit to others. It brings the DIKW hierarchy to life, adding meaning and usefulness to the conceptualisation. \u0000We found that farmer see an advisor’s role in facilitating the adoption of complex agricultural technologies, not so much to learn all about the technology themselves but rather to use their know-why and know-who (both are components of wisdom) to help farmers gain know-how for themselves.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123338888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Dualism: Agricultural Productivity, Small Towns, and Structural Change in Bangladesh","authors":"M. Emran, Forhad Shilpi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2892365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2892365","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses a framework that goes beyond rural-urban dualism and highlights the role of small town economy in understanding structural change in a developing country. It provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of the role of agricultural productivity in structural transformation in the labor market. The empirical work is based on a general equilibrium model that formalizes the demand and labor market linkages: the small-town draws labor away from the rural areas to produce goods and services whose demand may depend largely on rural income. The theory clarifies the role played by the income elasticity of demand and the wage elasticity with respect to productivity increase in agriculture. For productivity growth to lead to a demand effect, the wage elasticity has to be lower than a threshold. When the demand for goods and services produced in small towns comes mainly from the adjacent rural areas, the demand effect can outweigh the negative wage effect, and lead to higher employment in the town-goods sector. Using rainfall as an instrument, the empirical analysis finds a significant positive effect of agricultural productivity on rice yield and agricultural wages. Productivity shock increases wages more in the rural sample compared with the small town economy sample, but structural change in employment is more pronounced in the small-town economy. In the rural sample, it increases employment only in small-scale manufacturing and services. In contrast, a positive productivity shock has large and positive impacts on employment in construction and transport, education, health and other services, and manufacturing employment in larger scale enterprises located in small towns and cities. Agricultural productivity growth induces structural transformation within the services sector in small towns, with employment in skilled services growing at a faster pace than that of low skilled services.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132130976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farm Income and Output and Lending by the Farm Credit System","authors":"Denis Nadolnyak, Xuan Shen, Valentina Hartarska","doi":"10.1108/AFR-03-2016-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/AFR-03-2016-0020","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence of the positive impact of the FCS lending on farm incomes which should be useful to policymakers as they consider reforms and further support for this 100-year-old major agricultural lender.,The authors construct a panel for the 1991-2010 period from the FCS financial statements and evaluate how lending by the FCS institutions has affected farm incomes and farm output. The authors use fixed effects estimations and control for credit by other agricultural lenders as well as the stock of capital, prices, and interest rates. Since previous work suggests that rural financial markets are segmented and the FCS serves larger full-time farmers with mostly real-estate backed loans, the authors evaluate the impacts of farm real-estate backed loans and of short-term agricultural loans separately for a shorter period for which the data is available. The authors also perform robustness checks with alternative estimation techniques.,The authors found a positive association between credit by the FCS institutions and farm income and output. The magnitude of the estimated impact is larger during the 1990s than in the 2000s.,The positive link between the FCS institutions’ credit and farm incomes and output supports the notion that the FCS lending was beneficial to farmers. The evidence also supports the segmentation hypothesis of rural financial markets. The financial reports data for 1991-2010 are from the ACAs and FLCAs aggregated on the regional level because there is no clear way to classify FCS lending to a more disaggregate level like the state. The authors also assemble and analyze a state-level data set that contains state-level balance sheet data for the period 1991-2003.,The authors are not aware of another work that directly links (real estate and non-real estate) credit by FCS institutions to agricultural output and farm incomes.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123102936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving Climate Smart Agriculture with a Sustainable Use of Water: A Conceptual Framework for Sustaining the Use of Water for Agriculture in the Era of Climate Change","authors":"Sneha Kumari, Y. Patil","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-1046-8.CH008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1046-8.CH008","url":null,"abstract":"With time there has been an unpredictable climate change affecting the requirement of water for agriculture. Survival of agriculture has become a matter of concern with an efficient management of water. The aim of the chapter is to design a conceptual framework in sustaining water for agriculture in the era of climate change. The authors in the present chapter have used secondary data from previous research work and critically analysed the cases on water management for agriculture. The chapter discusses on practices like drip irrigation, new adaptations, mitigation technologies, vapour pressure, agro-ecological zone model and other water management strategies and the agricultural practices which though increases the yield but is leaving an adverse impact on climate. The chapter designs a conceptual framework to sustain water for agricultural use in the era of climate change and discusses it. This must be dealt through in order to attain sustainability.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114784535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of Agriculture and Pastoralism","authors":"Rochelle Forrester","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2864143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2864143","url":null,"abstract":"The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of human knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment, including plants and animals, to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of the plants and animals in their environment enables human needs to be met in a more efficient manner. The plants and animals in the human environment have particular properties, caused by their genetic make-up and these properties make some plants and animals more suitable for domestication than others. Humans learnt which were the best plants to domesticate, and how to cultivate them, in a particular order with the easiest crops to domesticate being domesticated first and with agricultural techniques improving over time as human knowledge increased. They also learnt which animals could be domesticated, and how to use and control them, in a particular order with the easiest to domesticate, being domesticated first, and the harder to domesticate being domesticated later. The knowledge of how to use and control domesticated animals, improved over time, with the simplest techniques being learnt first and more complicated techniques being learnt later. The order of discovery determines the course of human social and cultural history as knowledge of new and more efficient means of meeting human needs, such as agriculture and pastoralism, results in the development of new social and ideological systems. This means human social and cultural history, has to follow a particular course, a course that is determined by the properties of the materials, such as plants and animals, in the human environment.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115954793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Butterfly Farming in Gumi, Papua New Guinea","authors":"B. Moyle, R. Small","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2760105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2760105","url":null,"abstract":"Wildlife farming has conservation and development objectives, but is often controversial. If wild animal populations remain in an open-access state, overharvest is likely. This research analyse goliath butterfly farming in the village Gumi, the largest source, in Papua New Guinea. Butterfly farming entails attracting gravid butterflies to modified habitat and collecting a portion. Interactions between farmers are mediated by their location decision. This interaction is tested indirectly through impacts on harvest levels of other farms. An econometric model incorporating harvest levels, effort and prices is estimated. The results support farmers locating sites far enough apart to eliminate potential interactions. This overcomes any potential open-access problem. This conclusion is strengthened by the absence of regulatory and customary mechanisms to achieve this outcome.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125824107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Подход За Анализ и Оценка На Системата За Управление и На Равнището На Аграрна Устойчивост (Framework for Analyzing and Assessing the System of Governance and Levels of Agrarian Sustainability)","authors":"Hrabrin Bachev Храбрин Башев, Bodjidar Ivanov","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2700057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2700057","url":null,"abstract":"Bulgarian Abstract: Тази разработка е част от научно-изследователски проект за двустранно научно-техническо сътрудничество между България и Китай на тема „Управление и оценка на аграрната устойчивост – опит, предизвикателства и уроци от България и Китай“. Целта на този междинен етап е да се разработи „Подход за анализ и оценка на системата за управление и на равнището на аграрна устойчивост“, който да се приложи през втория етап на проекта за анализ и оценка на системата за управление и на равнището на аграрна устойчивост в България и Китай. Най-напред се прави анализ на подходите за дефиниране и оценка на аграрната устойчивост, на базата на което се прави и работна дефиниция за целите на проекта. След това се разработва подход за анализ и оценка на системата за управление на аграрнатаустойчивост, включваща институционалната среда, пазарните, частни, колективни и обществени форми. Най-накрая се предлага адегватен за съвремените условия на развитие на българското и китайско селскко стопанство подход за оценка на равнището на социална, икономическа, екологическа и интегрална устойчивост на селското стопанство.English Abstract: This paper is a part of a research project for a bilateral academic cooperation between Bulgaria and China on \"Governance and Assessment of Agrarian Sustainability - Experiences, Challenges and Lessons from Bulgaria and China\". The goal of this intermediary report is to suggest a \"Framework for Analyzing and Assessing the System of Governance and Levels of Agrarian Sustainability\", which is to be applied during the second stage to analyze and assess the system of governance of agrarian sustainability in Bulgaria and China. First, evolution of the understanding of \"concept\" of agrarian sustainability and the approaches of its assessment is reviewed. After that a framework for assessing the system of governance of agrarian sustainability consisting of institutional environment, market, private, collective and public modes is proposed. Finally, a specific framework for assessing the social, economic, ecological and integral levels of agrarian sustainability in Bulgarian and Chinese agriculture is worked out.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131578376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Policy Landscape for Climate Change Adaptation: A Cross-Country Comparison Using the Net-Map Method","authors":"N. Aberman, R. Birner, E. Haglund, M. Ngigi, Snigdha Ali, B. Okoba, D. Kone, Tekie Alemu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2564536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2564536","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of increasing vulnerability to climate change for people dependent on natural resources for their livelihoods, the International Food Policy Research Institute and partner organizations in Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, and Bangladesh undertook a project broadly aiming to create knowledge that will help policymakers and development agencies to strengthen the capacity of male and female smallholder farmers and livestock keepers to manage climate-related risks. This study—one component of the project—examines the networks and power dynamics of stakeholders in the four target countries so as to (1) identify potential partners in the research process, (2) find out which organizations could make use of the research findings in their activities, and (3) inform the communication and outreach strategy of the research project. This paper describes the network structures for climate change policy, the actors in the networks with high centrality and influence scores, and the implications of these results for outreach and dissemination.","PeriodicalId":127358,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Farming & Agriculture (Topic)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121179382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}