Geology, Geophysics and Environment最新文献_第4页

Opoka – a mysterious carbonate-siliceous rock: an overview of general concepts 奥波卡-一种神秘的碳酸盐-硅质岩石:一般概念概述

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.257

Agata Jurkowska, Ewa Świerczewska‐Gładysz

{"title":"Opoka – a mysterious carbonate-siliceous rock: an overview of general concepts","authors":"Agata Jurkowska, Ewa Świerczewska‐Gładysz","doi":"10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.257","url":null,"abstract":"The opoka is a carbonate-siliceous marine sedimentary rock, forming a thick succession of Upper Cretaceous age in Poland and in other regions of Europe. This rock has been studied for over 150 years, but only the use of modern analytical techniques enables for the formulation of its mineralogical definition, which identifiesthe distinct features of opoka and allows it to be distinguished from other rocks (e.g. chalk, gaize). Parallel to the petrographic research on opoka, its palaeobathymetric interpretations, which were based on the palaeotectonic models of Danish-Polish Trough inversion has been revised. Depending on the model of palaeotectonic history, opoka has been interpreted as a deep-water or shallow facies, without detailed petrographic studies of its mineralogical composition. The paper presents various aspects of opoka, including history of the term, nomenclature, mineralogical composition, microtexture and palaeoecological significance of Cretaceous opoka. New data which permit precise definition of this rock term, and its mineralogical composition are discussed in the light of palaeoecological reconstructions, bathymetry and existing models of opoka distribution.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75982749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An evaluation of organic matter dispersed in the Menilite Formation in Silesian Nappe (Polish Outer Carpathians): an optical microscopic approach 西里西亚推覆体(波兰外喀尔巴阡山脉)Menilite组中分散的有机质评价:光学显微方法

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.243

M. Waliczek, G. Machowski, M. Solecki, M. Stefaniuk

{"title":"An evaluation of organic matter dispersed in the Menilite Formation in Silesian Nappe (Polish Outer Carpathians): an optical microscopic approach","authors":"M. Waliczek, G. Machowski, M. Solecki, M. Stefaniuk","doi":"10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.243","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, optical microscopic analyses were applied to evaluate the thermal maturity, characteristics of solid bitumen, and other organic matter finely dispersed in Oligocene shales of the Menilite Formation in the Iwonicz-Zdrój–Rudawka Rymanowska Fold (IRF) and Bóbrka–Rogi Fold (BRF) of the Central Carpathian Synclinorium of the Silesian Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Poland. The investigation was carried out at two-unit depths of the shallow and deeper D-1 sections (430 m – IRF and 4,300 m – BRF) and outcrop samples (BRF). The mean random huminite reflectance values indicate immature conditions with respect to hydrocarbon generation in samples from the D-1 shallow section (VRo≈0.40%) and in the outcrop samples (VRo=0.36%). The degree of thermal maturity of the organic matter from a depth of about 4,300 m – BRF based on random vitrinite (VRo≈0.80%) and solid bitumen (BRo≈0.65%) reflectance measurements is associated with the “oil window” for petroleum generation. The organic components dispersed in the examined Menilite Formation samples are typical for hydrocarbon-prone organic matter, suggesting the dominant kerogen type II. The potential precursor maceral for solid bitumen occurring in the examined samples from the deeper D-1 sections is largely the alginite maceral.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80685887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The application of the 2D/3D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method in investigating the carbonate karst of the Zakrzówek Horst 二维/三维电阻率层析成像(ERT)方法在Zakrzówek Horst碳酸盐岩岩溶研究中的应用

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.319

Bernadetta Pasierb

引用次数: 0

An examination of the glaciomarginal fan of the Odranian glaciation at the Mokrzeszów site, Sudetic Foreland, SW Poland 波兰西南部苏台德前兰Mokrzeszów地点对奥德良期冰川边缘扇的考察

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-10-24 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.287

D. Krzyszkowski, Lucyna Wachecka-Kotkowska, J. Skurzyński

{"title":"An examination of the glaciomarginal fan of the Odranian glaciation at the Mokrzeszów site, Sudetic Foreland, SW Poland","authors":"D. Krzyszkowski, Lucyna Wachecka-Kotkowska, J. Skurzyński","doi":"10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.287","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research from the Mokrzeszów site in the Sudetic Foreland. Lithopetrographic and sedimentological analyses of sediments from the Middle Polish Glaciations (Early Saalian, Odranian, MIS6) in this area indicate the overrepresentation (90–95%) of large Scandinavian erratics. The deposits, representing a repetitive sequence of Gp-Gms-Sp-Sh/Sr(Dmm) lithofacies, accumulated during at least two episodes of glacial outburst floods and six sedimentary cycles. High-energy flows are estimated for the Gms and Gp facies at about 5 m∙s−1 and low-energy flows indicate 0.8 m∙s−1 for the Sp/Sh/Sr facies, to the lack of flow (Fm). The sedimentary sequences confirm the existence of a fan, which may have originated as a subaqueous steep coarse-grained fan in glacial-flow-lake-outburst floods that formed between the ice sheet front and the morphotectonic edge of the Sudetic Marginal Fault line and within the Roztoka-Mokrzeszów Graben, or as an aerial, piedmont fan on the Sudetic Marginal Fault edge. The sediments show discontinuous deformations – gently sloping faults and fractures from glacioisostatic stresses. The fault activity is probably related to the reactivation of the faults due to ice loading during or after the older Saalian glaciation.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73054261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mineralogical characteristics of the heterolithic formations from the Carpathian Foredeep Miocene sediments, south-eastern Poland 波兰东南部喀尔巴阡前深中新世沉积物异石器时代地层矿物学特征

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.219

A. Przelaskowska, Urszula Zagórska, A. Urbaniec, G. Łykowska, J. Klaja, J. Grela, Katarzyna Kędracka

{"title":"Mineralogical characteristics of the heterolithic formations from the Carpathian Foredeep Miocene sediments, south-eastern Poland","authors":"A. Przelaskowska, Urszula Zagórska, A. Urbaniec, G. Łykowska, J. Klaja, J. Grela, Katarzyna Kędracka","doi":"10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2022.48.3.219","url":null,"abstract":"Heterolithic complexes from the Carpathian Foredeep are a subject of growing attention as many natural gas accumulations of industrial importance have been discovered in such formations during the last decades. The aim of the presented work was to determine lithotypes of different lithology and mineralogical composition in the heterolithic sequences. Individual lithotypes were distinguished of macroscopic observations of cores, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence method (XRF). Preliminary distinction of the lithotypes was based on macroscopic observations of the core samples. Correlation plots between the contents of particular minerals (XRD analyses) and corresponding elements (XRF analyses) were used for verification of the lithotypes distinguished on the basis of macroscopic observations. Swelling properties of the investigated rocks were determined using the cation exchange capacity (CEC) values. The following lithotypes were identified: medium- to fine-grained sandstones, fine- to very fine-grained sandstones, clayey sandstones, sand-dominated heteroliths, heteroliths with equal proportions of sandstones and mudstones, mud-dominated heteroliths, mudstones, clayey shales. Such division provides a basis for precise petrophysical characterization of the analyzed profiles, that is assignment of particular petrophysical parameters values to individual lithotypes. More reliable petrophysical parameters in the geophysical interpretation of heterolithic sequences allow for a more precise determination of zones characterized by good reservoir parameters.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78406512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ReMo3D – an open-source Python package for 2D and 3D simulation of normal and lateral resistivity logs ReMo3D -一个开源的Python包，用于正常和横向电阻率测井的2D和3D模拟

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-06-29 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.195

Michał Wilkosz

引用次数: 0

Dendrochronological record of soil creep and landslide activity – the comparison of tree-ring eccentricity and compression wood (examples from the Kamienne Mts., Poland) 土壤蠕变和滑坡活动的树木年代学记录——树木年轮偏心率和压缩木材的比较(以波兰Kamienne山为例)

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-06-17 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.133

K. Sitko, M. Wistuba, I. Malik, M. Krąpiec, Ruide Yu, Haiyan Zhang

{"title":"Dendrochronological record of soil creep and landslide activity – the comparison of tree-ring eccentricity and compression wood (examples from the Kamienne Mts., Poland)","authors":"K. Sitko, M. Wistuba, I. Malik, M. Krąpiec, Ruide Yu, Haiyan Zhang","doi":"10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.133","url":null,"abstract":"Forested mountain slopes can be simultaneously affected by soil creep and landslide activity, both of which cause the tilting of tree stems, with the result that their dendrochronological record of tree-ring eccentricity and compression wood is potentially similar. There is a need to identify similarities and differences in these records and thus our research aimed to compare patterns of eccentricity and compression wood developed by trees under the impact of soil creep and landslides. We sampled trees growing on a landslide and creeping slopes in the Kamienne Mts., with 21 Norway spruce trees were sampled on each site. We found several main differences between the dendrochronological record of landslide activity and soil creep. On the landslide we found larger number of dendrochronological events, stronger and more variable eccentricity and a similar number of upslope and downslope events. On creeping slopes, upslope eccentricity events predominate, and the number of eccentricity events dated in all trees increases in time. We also compared the utility of eccentricity and compression wood for dating mass movements. They differ in their sensitivity to stem tilting. Thus, in analyses of landslide activity and soil creep activity, it is recommended to include both wood anatomy features.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86215544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geophysical assessment for gold mineralization potential over the southern part of Kebbi State using aeromagnetic data 利用航磁资料对Kebbi州南部金矿化潜力进行地球物理评价

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.177

Abdulrahaman Idris Augie, K. Salako, Adewuyi Abdulwaheed Rafiu, M. O. Jimoh

{"title":"Geophysical assessment for gold mineralization potential over the southern part of Kebbi State using aeromagnetic data","authors":"Abdulrahaman Idris Augie, K. Salako, Adewuyi Abdulwaheed Rafiu, M. O. Jimoh","doi":"10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.177","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetic signatures over the southern part of Kebbi State and its environs were analyzed together with the geological settings of the area to delineate the structures that may host gold mineralization. The aeromagnetic data used was the survey carried out by Fugro airborne surveys between 2005 and 2010 on behalf of the Federal Government of Nigeria. The reduction to equator (RTE), first and second vertical derivatives (FVD and SVD), Centre for Exploration Targeting (CET), analytic signal (AS), source parameter imaging (SPI) and tilt derivative (TDR) techniques were applied to the magnetic data covering the area. The results of the AS technique revealed that the study area is characterized with high amplitudes of magnetic anomalies (above 0.048 nT/m) and these could be of ferromagnetic minerals such as gold. The FVD, SVD, CET and TDR techniques also helped in delineating the lineaments (such as faults, fractures or shears zones) believed to be associated with alteration zones which play an important role in determining gold mineralized zones. The direction of the orientation of these features/lineaments trended in the NE-SW direction. The faults, fractures or shears zones delineated represent veins of possible mineralization. The depth of occurrence to the causative bodies using SPI algorithms was found to be below 137 m. Structures delineated within the area, when compared with the geological setting of the area, correspond to quartz-mica schist, granite, biotite, gneiss, diorite, medium coarse-grained and biotite hornblende granite. Results from these techniques revealed alteration zones that may host gold. These regions correspond to the following areas: SE parts of Yauri and Shanga, Fakai, Ngaski, Zuru, Magama, Rijau, and the eastern part of Wasagu/Danko and Bukkuyum.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89737086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The potential to improve air quality by increasing the use of deep geothermal energy 通过增加深层地热能的使用来改善空气质量的潜力

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.147

M. Hajto, M. Kaczmarczyk

{"title":"The potential to improve air quality by increasing the use of deep geothermal energy","authors":"M. Hajto, M. Kaczmarczyk","doi":"10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2022.48.2.147","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing the use of geothermal energy may be one of the tools bringing us closer to achieving the European Commission’s objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030. Air quality improvement plays a strategic role in achieving sustainable energy development. Both European and national legislation in this field is particularly comprehensive and effective, establishing rules for monitoring and preventing air pollution in order to avoid adverse effects on human health and the environment. Unfortunately, the effective air pollutions monitoring network currently in place in Poland, with 156 monitoring stations, mainly concerns agglomerations and cities with over 100,000 inhabitants. The lack of information on the state of pollution in smaller towns is a significant limitation in terms of research aimed at assessing the effects of corrective measures taken, such as the possible transformation of district heating systems based on RES, including the use of deep geothermal energy. This paper proposes some solutions which allow the effective estimation of air conditions in locations not covered by environmental monitoring, in the context of the potential to develop geothermal resources in the rich geothermal province of Central Poland.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80876353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geological and environmental implications of the utilisation of geothermal energy in the Lahendong working area, Indonesia 印度尼西亚拉亨东工作区域地热能源利用的地质和环境影响

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2022-04-21 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2022.48.1.69

Mentari Mukti, B. Tomaszewska, Magdalena Starczewska, E. O. Ningrum

{"title":"Geological and environmental implications of the utilisation of geothermal energy in the Lahendong working area, Indonesia","authors":"Mentari Mukti, B. Tomaszewska, Magdalena Starczewska, E. O. Ningrum","doi":"10.7494/geol.2022.48.1.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2022.48.1.69","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the characteristics of the Lahendong geothermal working area (GWA) in terms of the geological, geophysical, geochemical, and environmental implications. The investigated area is located in the Sulawesi North Arm, where the volcanic arc extends from Sangihe Island to Minahasa with two major strike-slip faults. NE–SW (northeast-southwest) trending faults control the thermal surface manifestation. The geothermal field is grouped into two hydrochemical systems: acid-sulphate-chloride (acid reservoir) and chloride (closer to neutral) types. The environmental implication analysis shows that the North Sulawesi province is experiencing water shortages due to excessive mining activities, inadequate wastewater management, and periods of drought. Although geothermal wastewater is being re-injected, the possibility of water contamination by hazardous materials from geothermal power plant activity is still evident. This study reviews the actual geothermal utilisation in the form of the 120 MWe power plant, the 500 kWe binary power plant, while the heat from geothermal energy is used for palm sugar production. Furthermore, the article also analyses the potential of the rational use of geothermal resources in this area. As a result of the high salinity and silica concentration of the brine, the geothermal wastewater should be treated before further utilisation and it potentially benefits both local communities and geothermal companies.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89044807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0