Geology, Geophysics and Environment最新文献_第10页

Characterisation of used traction sand for utilization aspects in earth construction based on the requirements of Finnish environmental legislation 根据芬兰环境立法的要求，对土建工程中使用过的牵引砂进行特性分析

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-07-31 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.99

R. Pöykiö, Mika Grönvall, G. Watkins, I. Välimäki, P. Perämäki, O. Dahl

{"title":"Characterisation of used traction sand for utilization aspects in earth construction based on the requirements of Finnish environmental legislation","authors":"R. Pöykiö, Mika Grönvall, G. Watkins, I. Välimäki, P. Perämäki, O. Dahl","doi":"10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.99","url":null,"abstract":"Finland launched a new Government Decree, the so-called MARA-regulation, on the utilization of certain wastes in earth construction on 1.1.2018. This statutory regulation sets limit values for the solubility of heavy metals (Sb, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mo, Ni, Se, Zn, V, Hg), chloride, sulphate, fluoride and dissolved organic carbon, as well as for organic substance (petroleum hydrocarbons, benzene, naphthalene, TEX (toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene), PAH-, phenolic- and PCB-compounds). In this case study, the concentrations of these harmful substances in the used traction sand collected in the city of Kemi, Northern Finland, were lower than their limit values set in the MARA-regulation. Therefore, this residue is a potential material to be used at earth construction sites such as in roads and roadways, in field and embankment structures, as well as in floor structures of industrial or storage buildings. However, if the used traction sand is to be utilized for these kinds of civil engineering purposes, an environmental permit is still needed because this material is not yet included in the scope of the MARA-regulation. This paper also gives an overview of the relevant Finnish environmental legislation on the utilization of wastes as an earth construction material.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81149672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

What can be learned about the deposition and compaction of peat from the Miocene lignite seam exposed in the Chłapowo Cliff on the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea? 在波罗的海的波兰海岸Chłapowo悬崖上暴露的中新世褐煤煤层中泥炭的沉积和压实可以学到什么?

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-07-31 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.111

M. Widera

{"title":"What can be learned about the deposition and compaction of peat from the Miocene lignite seam exposed in the Chłapowo Cliff on the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea?","authors":"M. Widera","doi":"10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.111","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on discussing the relationship between the accumulation of peat and its compaction in the overbank zone of the Miocene river system. The examined 2nd Lusatian lignite seam is characteristically interbedded with sandy deposits and these are less compressible than peat. Therefore, in favourable conditions such as those found at Chlapowo Cliff (on the Baltic Sea coast in northern Poland), it is possible to identify the effects of an even or uneven lowering of the mire surface, resulting from diversified compaction of the underlying phytogenic beds. The research problem was applied to two examples located close to each other within the lignite seam. The first case shows the accumulation of fresh peat layers of almost equal thickness, while the second one presents a reduction in the thickness of fresh peat beds over the fossilised channel-fill sandy body. Only the latter example allows us to calculate the peat-to-lignite compaction ratio. The results of the compaction ratio obtained, Cr ≈ 7.37, mean that the youngest, fresh peat layers were compacted at least 7 times, transforming them into lignite beds. However, such a high compaction value, estimated for the top layers of the Miocene mire, cannot be directly taken into account when reconstructing the total thickness of the peat seam prior to covering it with mineral overburden. The published peat-to-lignite compaction ratios, determined using other research methods, for the 2nd Lusatian lignite seam or its stratigraphic equivalents range from 1.7 to 6.0 in most cases, with averages of 2.2 to 4.0. The differences between the data in the literature and the results given in this paper are due to the fact that the process of peat/lignite compaction is ongoing and cumulative.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86511948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Study of wind power utilization in district heating systems in the Westfjords, Iceland 冰岛西峡湾区域供热系统风能利用研究

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-07-31 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.77

K. Mathews, A. Sowiżdżał

{"title":"Study of wind power utilization in district heating systems in the Westfjords, Iceland","authors":"K. Mathews, A. Sowiżdżał","doi":"10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.77","url":null,"abstract":"Some Renewable Energy Sources (RES), such as wind power, are often regarded as intermittent. That means they are not available on demand, but rather depend on external conditions e.g. such as the weather. In order to manage these resources, it is advised to combine them with energy storage or other energy sectors, what is known as “sector coupling”. This approach is set to mitigate the negative impact of unstable renewable energy sources and manage the generated surpluses. In this study, a system combining wind turbines, district heating network and short-term thermal energy storage was proposed and examined for the instance of the Westfjords, Iceland. Isafjorður, Patreksfjorður, Bolungarvik and Flateyri are the exemplary communities with existing district heating networks, chosen to investigate the implementation of the system. A short review of the current state of the energy sector in Iceland was provided to present the local conditions. Wind potential in the described area was estimated as high in comparison with average wind turbine generation in the European Union and a few instances of wind turbines placement were analyzed in this study. For locations close to the district heating network, a long-term correlation between power generation and usage was proven. However, locating wind turbines in places with better wind conditions, provides stable output and a similar amount of energy produced by fewer generators.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74476765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Methane emissions in selected hard-coal mines of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in 1997–2016 1997-2016年上西里西亚煤盆地部分硬煤矿区甲烷排放

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-07-31 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.121

M. Dreger

{"title":"Methane emissions in selected hard-coal mines of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in 1997–2016","authors":"M. Dreger","doi":"10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.121","url":null,"abstract":"Hard coal is extracted in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) from deeper and deeper coal seams every year. In 2000, the average depth of coal extraction was 600 m, in 2010 – 700 m, but in the last two years (2016–2017) this has been extended to a depth of 770 m. The USCB is not homogeneous in layout in terms of methane hazard, but rather very diverse. Therefore, the USCB has been divided into seven gassy regions to show differences in methane danger distribution. Northern and central USCB regions (I, II and III) are the mostly naturally degassed, so the most dangerous gassy conditions are in the IV and V regions, where methane content in coal seams varies from 6 m3/Mg coaldaf to above 18 m3/Mg coaldaf. The two westernmost USCB gassy regions (VI and VII) are poorer in methane than the IV and V areas. Six representative coal mines were chosen: Myslowice-Wesola, Budryk, Brzeszcze, Pniowek, Marcel and Rydultowy-Anna based on their high hard coal production and total methane emissions. The reason for the highest methane emission in those regions might be fault tectonics facilitating methane migration and also the thick and continuous Miocene cover constituting a hermetic screen for gases in the southern part of the USCB.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78544397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The magnetic response of hydrothermal alteration in iron-oxide basement complex, NW Nigeria 尼日利亚西北部铁-氧化物基底杂岩热液蚀变的磁响应

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-07-31 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.145

Joseph Aisabokhae, O. Bamidele

{"title":"The magnetic response of hydrothermal alteration in iron-oxide basement complex, NW Nigeria","authors":"Joseph Aisabokhae, O. Bamidele","doi":"10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.145","url":null,"abstract":"Aeromagnetic data was processed in order to delineate structural trends which may be indicative of potential gold mineral traps in the Watari hill gold prospect located between longitude 5°8''and 5°16'', and latitude 11°24'' and 11°30'' in Garin Hawal district, northwest Nigeria. Landsat-8 OLI data was processed to produce colour composite, band ratio and minimum noise fraction images that mapped the hydrothermal alteration zone in the study area. The multispectral images which were displayed in Red-Green-Blue colours were subsequently pan-sharpened to display a greater image resolution of the area. The application of enhancement algorithms such as an analytic signal to the aeromagnetic data over the alteration zone helped in mapping the mafic metavolcanics, felsic metasediments and intruding granitoid complexes. Further reductions using the second vertical derivative and tilt angle derivative filters aided in delineating fracture/faults and the contact zones of the formations, especially the metasediments-metavolcanic boundary that delineates the shear zone. This study showed that the low-angle geologic structure between the metasediments and metavolcanics where hydrothermal alteration is present is likely to accommodate veins of gold mineralization in the study area.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86965323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The provenance of erratic pebbles from a till in the vicinity of the city of Radom, central Poland 波兰中部拉多姆市附近的一个仓库里不稳定的鹅卵石的来源

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-04-25 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.1.21

P. Strzelecki

{"title":"The provenance of erratic pebbles from a till in the vicinity of the city of Radom, central Poland","authors":"P. Strzelecki","doi":"10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Petrographic analysis, including the indicator erratics count method of coarse pebbles (20–60 mm), was performed for the first subsurface layer of the glacial till in the vicinity of the city of Radom. Crystalline rocks comprise 60% of the sample, whereas carbonate and clastic sedimentary rocks total 18% and 15%, respectively. Among the crystalline rocks, 14% clasts were identified as indicator erratics. The majority of the indictor erratics originated from the Aland region (63%). Significant contributions were also derived from the central Baltic Basin (12%), Angermanland (9%) and Uppland (9%) regions. Trace amounts are recorded from the northern Baltic, Dalarna and Smaland regions. The spatial distribution of crystalline erratic source areas suggests material incorporation into an ice sheet mainly from central-eastern Fennoscandia. The indicator assemblage composition indicates the Odranian (MIS 6) origin of the till. The majority of the erratic sedimentary rocks were derived from the central and southern Baltic Basin while local rocks comprise a minor proportion. The relatively low carbonate clasts content indicates that the till was affected by partial decalcification resulting from post-depositional chemical weathering. This study supplements the results on erratic pebble provenance in the glacial tills of Middle Polish Glaciation Complex in Poland.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84755916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Relations between present relief on the border of lowlands and highlands and geological structures of the Paleozoic Platform – a case study from central Poland 低地和高地边界现今地形与古生代地台地质构造的关系——以波兰中部为例

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-04-25 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.1.57

A. Szmidt, Lucyna Wachecka-Kotkowska

引用次数: 2

Attempts to calculate the pseudo-anisotropy of elastic parameters of shales gas formations based on well logging data and their geostatistical analysis 尝试在测井资料和地统计学分析的基础上，计算页岩气地层弹性参数的伪各向异性

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-04-25 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.1.5

M. Bała, A. Cichy, M. Wasilewska-Błaszczyk

引用次数: 2

The effect of de-icing roads with salt on the environment in Krakow (Poland) 波兰克拉科夫用盐除冰道路对环境的影响

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.7494/geol.2019.45.3.195

Anna Kostka, M. Strzebońska, Maciej Sobczyk, M. Zakrzewska, A. Bochenek

{"title":"The effect of de-icing roads with salt on the environment in Krakow (Poland)","authors":"Anna Kostka, M. Strzebońska, Maciej Sobczyk, M. Zakrzewska, A. Bochenek","doi":"10.7494/geol.2019.45.3.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7494/geol.2019.45.3.195","url":null,"abstract":"The de-icing of roads and streets in the winter season is a necessity in many European countries, where the mean day temperature drops below 0°C for long periods. Among the many chemicals used for winter road maintenance, the most popular in Poland is sodium chloride in various forms and mixtures, due to its relatively low price and availability. This agent, however, contributes to the increase of salinity in the soil environment and may lead to disturbances in soil properties and premature plant necrosis. The impact of the usage of chloride salts on the soil environment was researched in Krakow’s city centre by means of the examination of soil samples collected prior to the de-icing season (November) and afterwards (February) as well as snow samples taken in February. A general deterioration of the examined parameters (pH, conductivity, chloride concentrations, carbonate concentrations) was observed after the winter season, but still the results for most samples did not pose a serious threat to the soil environment or plants. This was mainly the result of the fact that the winter seasons in European countries have become increasingly mild and warm, which contributes to decreased usage of chloride salts. However, the state of soils in the Main Square was disturbing, as demonstrated by the clearly elevated chemical parameters of samples, despite a ban on the use of salt in this area. These results indicate the most probable reason for the withering of trees growing there, leading to them being frequently replaced.","PeriodicalId":12724,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geophysics and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87079391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Burial crypts in solid rock – a geophysical case study of a small church with a unique polychrome in Szydłów (S Poland) 固体岩石中的地穴——Szydłów(波兰南部)一座具有独特色彩的小教堂的地球物理案例研究

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Geology, Geophysics and Environment Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.7494/GEOL.2019.45.2.89

A. Zieliński, Mikołaj Łyskowski, E. Mazurkiewicz, Kinga Wiktoria Lubarska

引用次数: 1