{"title":"A Hybrid Voltage Regulation Transformer Based on Interline Power Converters","authors":"Yafeng Wang, Tiefu Zhao","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773686","url":null,"abstract":"The hybrid transformer is mostly used for voltage regulation and var control with a fractionally rated power converter, which reduces the device cost and increases the overall efficiency compared with the Solid-State Transformer (SST). Conventionally, the voltage is compensated by injecting voltage in series with the load. This paper proposed a hybrid transformer based on interline power converters for voltage regulation. The maximum power delivered by converters is reduced by half compared with the conventional series compensation configuration for the same voltage regulation range. Therefore, the proposed hybrid transformer exhibits a higher overall efficiency covering a wide range of voltage regulation. Comparison between the conventional series voltage compensation method and the proposed interline power converter-based method is presented based on the operation principle, the converter power, and the overall system efficiency. Hardware test results are presented for further validation of the proposed hybrid transformer.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127801697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aurora de Juan, D. Serrano, P. Alou, Jean-Noël Mamousse, Romain Denéieport, M. Vasić
{"title":"Analytical Modelling of Single-Phase and Three-Phase DC/DC LLC Converters","authors":"Aurora de Juan, D. Serrano, P. Alou, Jean-Noël Mamousse, Romain Denéieport, M. Vasić","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773467","url":null,"abstract":"This paper exposes the analysis, modeling and comparison of two different LLC converter configurations: the conventional LLC converter and the Three-Phase $mathrm{Y}-Delta$ LLC converter, which is firstly analyzed in this paper. Piecewise-defined analytical equations that accurately model the behavior of these converters have been developed and validated through simulation. Additionally, a comparison between these two power converters has been carried out, so the advantages and disadvantages of each of them are exposed. To validate the derived conclusions, a fully optimized Three-Phase $mathrm{Y}-Delta$ LLC converter is designed (including the design of the resonant tank, the three-phase transformer, the resonant inductor, and the selection of semiconductor devices) and compared to a 96% efficiency single-phase LLC converter.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128108673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Chen, Jinjun Liu, Shaodi Ouyang, Sixing Du, Xianzao Li
{"title":"A Novel Three Phase LCL Dual Active Bridge Converter to Reduce RMS Phase Current","authors":"Hui Chen, Jinjun Liu, Shaodi Ouyang, Sixing Du, Xianzao Li","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773630","url":null,"abstract":"Three phase dual active bridge (3ph-DAB) is one of the promising isolated bidirectional dc-dc converter (IBDC) for high power industry application attracting more and more attention. However, the conventional single-phase shift (SPS) modulation brings obvious shortcomings such as high root-mean-square (RMS) current, massive circulating energy and soft-switching failure. Although many modulation schemes are proposed to solve these issues, most of them are very complex to be used. This paper proposes a novel three phase LCL dual active bridge (3ph-LCL-DAB) topology to reduce the high RMS phase current especially at heavy load situation with large voltage ratio. Adjusting values of phase inductor and capacitor, the RMS phase current is reduced significantly in the proposed 3ph-LCL-DAB converter with SPS control. Simulation and experiment results verify its effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133199000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunil Kumar Dube, Ramu Nair, Kalyan Yenduri, P. Das
{"title":"A Novel Integrated Bidirectional AC to DC Resonant Converter","authors":"Sunil Kumar Dube, Ramu Nair, Kalyan Yenduri, P. Das","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773732","url":null,"abstract":"Conventionally, an AC to DC isolated converter follows a two-stage design approach, wherein the first stage is an AC to DC power factor correction (PFC) stage followed by a resonant converter stage for DC voltage regulation. In existing topologies, the PFC stage and the primary side resonant switch network are merged into a single switch network giving rise to 25% fewer devices. Moreover, the switches in these topologies are soft switched that facilitates high switching frequency. Hence, low volume magnetic components and capacitors can be used to achieve higher power density. However, it is an unipolar voltage-fed resonant topology and also, the power transfer is unidirectional, restricting the power flow only from AC to DC side. This paper proposes a novel isolated bidirectional bipolar voltage-fed AC to DC converter which has all the aforementioned advantages. In addition, it addresses their shortcomings by generating a bipolar voltage across the resonant tanks and realizing bidirectional power flow. A modulation and control technique is proposed for generating switching pulses for DC link voltage control and bidirectional power transfer. These are demonstrated through simulations and experiments, where 1.35 kW power is transferred at 130 kHz switching frequency, 150V (L-L) AC input voltage and 200V output DC voltage.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133346702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Park, Fujimoto Mitsunao, H. Takahashi, Zhi Li, Bingjie Wu
{"title":"On-On and On-Off mode Phase-Shifted Full-Bridge TriMagiC Converter™ with Liqualloy™ Planar Transformers","authors":"C. Park, Fujimoto Mitsunao, H. Takahashi, Zhi Li, Bingjie Wu","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773405","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents on-on and on-off mode high efficiency phase-shifted full-bridge TriMagiC Converter™ Isolated using Liqualloy™ planar transformer based on a low permeability, high saturation flux density and low loss material. The proposed converter is based on the phase-shifted full-bridge topology with series connected two transformers. In this topology, the transformer is not operated only as a transformer but also operated as an inductor. Therefore, output inductor is not necessary, which contributes to achieve better conversion efficiency and power density. To handle a high output current with low output voltage such as 3.3kW and realize down-sizing and high conversion efficiency, a planar type transformer using Liqualloy™ core is adapted. Since it has a high saturation flux density which is about two times larger than a typical Mn-Zn ferrite core, it does not need to open a gap in core to increase a saturation flux density which could be more suitable especially in this topology taking a high flux density due to its inductor operation. The proposed converter has the maximum output current of 244A, output voltage of 13.5V, maximum output power is 3.3kW with the switching frequency of 125kHz. In the experimental results, the peak efficiency is 96.8%, and the full load efficiency is reached at 93.7% respectively.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133688596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DC SST MF Transformer Partial Discharge Characteristics Study with High dV/dT PWM Switching Transients of SiC Devices","authors":"R. Agarwal, Hui Li, Zhehui Guo, P. Cheetham","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773742","url":null,"abstract":"Tightly packed medium frequency (MF) transformer windings carrying PWM voltages are prone to partial discharges due to its proximity to adjacent conductor and continuously alternating electric fields between the conductors. In addition, for SiC based DC SST applying phase-shift modulation, a peak-potential state is generated between the adjacent primary and secondary winding conductors for the duration of phase shift. This magnified stress on insulation system gives rise to premature inception of partial discharges leading to sooner than predicted MF transformer failure. This paper presents a non-intrusive PD detection strategy for a PWM voltages using high speed optical sensors for foil-type transformers to detect partial discharges in MF transformer's inter-winding insulation at PWM voltages containing high dv/dt switching transients due to SiC devices. PD inception and extinction characteristics are experimentally obtained in the lab using a hardware consisting of 3.3 kV SiC MOSFETs that generates PWM voltages with dv/dt up to 60 V/ns and switching frequency up to 50 kHz on foil winding specimens.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132276728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High Step-up DC-DC Converter with Active Switched Inductor and Voltage Double Based on Three-winding Coupled Inductor","authors":"P. Luo, T. Liang, Kai-Hui Chen, Shih-Ming Chen","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773542","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a high step-up dc-dc converter with three-winding coupled inductor, integrating an active switched inductor and voltage double to achieve voltage gain. The main merits of the proposed converter are high voltage gain, reduced voltage stress and current stress on the power switch. In addition, the source energy is transferred through the coupled inductor to the output during the entire switching time and the energy stored in the leakage inductor is recycled directly to the load without intermediate components. The proposed converter can be further derived to two varied converters for higher voltage gain. Finally, a fabricated 270 W with 30 V input voltage, 300 V output voltage is carried out to support the validity of the proposed converter.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134150061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Inverter-based AC Microgrid Communication using Two-frequency Shift Keying (2FSK) Method","authors":"Ayetullah B. Biten, Sara Ahmed","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773752","url":null,"abstract":"Future grid will host many ac, dc and hybrid microgrids interconnected together. These microgrids feature many intermittent inverter-based distributed energy resources such as wind turbines, solar farms, EV charging fleets and energy storage systems (ESS). The operation of such system requires strong communication and robust control for a resilient and reliable grid. This paper presents a novel communication scheme for inverter-based ac microgrids using the high switching frequency of the grid-forming inverters (GFI). The proposed scheme consists of multiple GFIs with decentralized control. Total load demand information measured locally is broadcasted via the power lines by the master inverter unit using frequency shift keying modulation (FSK) technique. The proposed communication of the microgrid system was verified using Matlab/Simulink.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114050502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xia Du, Yuqi Wei, A. Stratta, Liyang Du, Venkata Samhitha Machireddy, A. Mantooth
{"title":"A Four-level Active Gate Driver with Continuously Adjustable Intermediate Gate Voltages","authors":"Xia Du, Yuqi Wei, A. Stratta, Liyang Du, Venkata Samhitha Machireddy, A. Mantooth","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773689","url":null,"abstract":"The $dv/dt$ and $di/dt$ during switching transients are increased dramatically due to the very fast switching speed of silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFET, which are the major sources for the electromagnetic interference (EMI) noises. To improve the system's EMI performance, a novel four-level active gate driver (4-L AGD) with independent adjustable turn-on and turn-off gate voltages is proposed. Based on the trajectory modeling of the SiC MOSFET, $dv/dt, di/dt$, switch losses can be optimized by applying different intermediate voltage levels during turn-on and turn-off transients to improve the system EMI performance, suppress voltage and current overshoots and oscillations. Compared with the existing AGD with the fixed intermediate voltage, the proposed AGD's intermediate voltage level can be flexibly and continuously adjusted in a very wide range during both turn-on and turn-off transients. The proposed AGD working principles, trajectory modeling and the optimizations of the intermediate voltages are analyzed. Finally, simulations and experimental validations are carried out on a double pulse test platform with different intermediate voltages. The proposed AGD has the capability to fine tune $dv/dt, di/dt$ and suppress overshoots effectively according to the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114284515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real time dq0 analysis of FOC systems","authors":"Bharghavi Vempati, Niranjan Hegde, Srikrishna Nh","doi":"10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC43599.2022.9773751","url":null,"abstract":"Currently designers measure Direct-quadrature-zero (dq0) with custom built embedded control software, additional hardware such as inductor and capacitor filter banks and programming using FPGA and microprocessor. This is a very complex task and needs domain expertise. It requires access to probing points on the controller board which is challenging [3]. This paper talks about how motor designers can measure dq0 components which are the outputs in the control system block from three phase electrical signals using real time oscilloscope. Designers measure magnitudes, phasor plot of rotor axis, and ripple on dq0 components. This Oscilloscope based solution computes dq0 using cross coordinate transformation matrix of real time AC signals, with or without rotor angle feedback, to get d and q DC signals during in-circuit operation. These transformed signals are used to refine the controller algorithms.","PeriodicalId":127006,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114193828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}