{"title":"Modelling of reinforced concrete in the serviceability limit state","authors":"Annette Beedholm Rasmussen","doi":"10.7146/AUL.329.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/AUL.329.223","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present thesis is to advance the understanding of the behaviour related to cracking in reinforced concrete, as well as improve modelling of flexural members in the serviceability limit state. This should create a stronger connection between modelling of the two limit states of design, and lead to better utilisation of both concrete and reinforcement. One of the main issues within the subject of reinforced concrete in the serviceability limit state, addressed in this thesis, is that focus has for many years primarily been on investigations concerning the ultimate limit state. Research within the serviceability limit state thus lags behind, where models lack physical transparency and are merely conservative estimates. Furthermore, the different aspects of the serviceability limit state, namely the estimation of crack widths, stiffness, and deformation are not coherently modelled with a general way of interpreting the physical behaviour. This particularly concerns the effect of tension-stiffening on the flexural stiffness, which is addressed empirically or sometimes even ignored. The thesis proposes an approach to evaluate all the important aspects of the serviceability limit state which was developed from one requirement; that both crack widths, flexural stiffness, and deflection, can be estimated from coherent physical considerations of how flexural members behave, analogue to the models for designing reinforced concrete in the ultimate limit state. This requirement resulted in an approach based on the knowledge of one single parameter; the crack spacing. The approach assumes that a ll deformation takes place solely in the cracks, which means that crack widths can be estimated from the crack spacing and the mean strain in the reinforcement. Since the crack spacing is the foundation of the entire approach, it was considered crucial to gain as much knowledge as possible about this parameter. This is achieved, firstly, through a thorough literature review and, secondly, a comprehensive empirical study of crack spacings in 142 tensile tests and 462 flexural tests from the literature which are treated statistically. To minimise the influence of the randomness associated with cracking in concrete, a large amount of data was required. From the ambition of establishing a database of comparable data and to avoid subjectivity, all crack spacings have been collected in the same manner; by consistently measuring them from photos of the crack patterns. For regression analysis of the crack spacings, the beams are grouped into two categories; laboratory beams, smaller than 300mm in effective depth, and structural beams, larger than 300mm. From both the empirical study and the results of a series of conducted tests, the two categories are observed to behave differently with respect to the crack patterns and crack spacings. Both categories of beams are analysed with respect to two different types of cracks; the secondary cracks and the primary","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129818964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DR3 og det kreative pres","authors":"Mads Møller Tommerup Andersen","doi":"10.7146/AUL.328.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/AUL.328.222","url":null,"abstract":"I denne afhandling undersoger jeg, hvilke strategiske tiltag tv-kanalen DR3 anvender for at tiltraekke sin malgruppe (15-39 ar), hvilken rolle digitalisering og ideudvikling spiller i kanalens tv-produktion, og hvilke forstaelser af kreative processer kanalens ansatte benytter sig af. Motivationen bag afhandlingen er, at unge danskere i stigende grad forlader flow-tv-seningen til fordel for streaming, hvilket udgor et problem for bredden i DR’s public service-mandat, og digitaliseringen af tv-mediet kalder saledes pa nye losninger og nye kompetencer i tv-branchen. DR3’s losning har derfor vaeret at forsoge at appellere til malgruppen ved at eksperimentere med programmer og indhold til digitale platforme. I denne sammenhaeng har jeg interesseret mig for, hvad DR3’s kanalstrategi reelt set er, og i hvilken grad denne strategi skaber et kreativt pres, som pavirker kanalens programproduktion og ideudvikling. For at undersoge dette empirisk har jeg i perioden 2016-2019 foretaget en raekke kvalitative forskningsinterviews med redaktorer og freelancere pa DR3 og DR Ung, lavet etnografiske observationer af DR3/DR Ungs ideudviklingsprocesser og lavet en kvantitativ indholdsanalyse af DR3’s programudbud fra 2013-2017. Teoretisk set traekker afhandlingen pa forskning i henholdsvis tv-produktion og kreativitet, og undervejs giver den sit bud pa, hvordan disse to teoriomrader kan kombineres, hvordan undersogelser af kreativitet i tv-produktion kan konceptualiseres og operationaliseres i konkrete analyser, og hvordan et fokus pa kreativitet kraever en raekke metodiske overvejelser. Grundet en mangel pa teorier om kreativitet i tv har jeg inddraget kreativitetsforstaelser fra andre teorifelter, og saerligt den socialkonstruktivistiske tilgang til kreativitet som faenomen samt en raekke teorier om ideudvikling og gatekeepere har vaeret nyttige analysevaerktojer. Pa grund af afhandlingens artikelbaserede format bestar den af fire produktionsanalytiske artikler om henholdsvis DR3’s kanalstrategi, produktionen af DR3-serien Anton 90, tilgangen til ungdomsfiktion hos DR3 og DR Ung samt brugen af forskellige evalueringsregimer i deres ideudviklingsprocesser. Analyserne paviser blandt andet, hvordan DR3 har udviklet sig og aendret sin kanalstrategi siden kanalens opstart i 2013, men ogsa kontinuiteten i kanalens programproduktion, og hvordan kanalen kontinuerligt har leveret nye programkoncepter inden for nogle specifikke genrer og forsogt at lave unikt public service-indhold til malgruppen. Afhandlingen bidrager samlet set med at tydeliggore, hvordan tv-programmers kreative vaerdi er et ustabilt faenomen, og hvordan kreativitet i tv-produktion er et komplekst samspil mellem forskellige sociale mekanismer, hvor gatekeepende redaktorer i DR3 og DR Ung spiller en vigtig rolle i evalueringen af, hvilke produkter og ideer der er ”kreative”. I DR3’s tilfaelde saetter intentionen om at ville eksperimentere udviklerne under et kreativt pres , fordi de er vant til at navigere","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121084315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rode, Anne-Sofie Hansen, Per Svejvig, Michael Ehlers, Karoline Thorp Adland, Thomas Kristian Ruth, N. Nissen, Rasmus Waldemar, Judith Birte Zippora Klein, S. E. Pedersen, Carl-Johan Ekhall, Line Ypkendanz, U. Paludan, Anna Maria Greve-Vilby
{"title":"Project Half Double: results of phase 1 and phase 2 - June 2019","authors":"A. Rode, Anne-Sofie Hansen, Per Svejvig, Michael Ehlers, Karoline Thorp Adland, Thomas Kristian Ruth, N. Nissen, Rasmus Waldemar, Judith Birte Zippora Klein, S. E. Pedersen, Carl-Johan Ekhall, Line Ypkendanz, U. Paludan, Anna Maria Greve-Vilby","doi":"10.7146/AUL.326.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/AUL.326.221","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this report in a series of reports from Project Half Double is to present the final overall results from phase 1 and phase 2 of Project Half Double as well as to describe the nine pilot projects from phase 2 in detail.","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128521297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nørreris Skov udgravningsrapport (excavation report): FHM5733 Nørreris Skov, Folby sogn, Sabro herred, tidl. Aarhus amt. Sted nr. 15.05.01. Sb.nr. 80.","authors":"Mette Løvschal, Michael Vinter","doi":"10.7146/AUL.323.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/AUL.323.219","url":null,"abstract":"Som en del af et forskningsprojekt om marksystemerne fra 1. artusinde f.v.t, ogsa kendt som oldtidsagre, gennemfortes i august 2016 en mindre undersogelse af forekomsten i Norreris ved Soften, nordvest for Aarhus. Formalet var primaert, at tilvejebringe materiale til 14 C- og OSL-datering for at undersoge, hvornar opbygningen af terrassekanter og skelvolde er pabegyndt og over hvor lang tid den var foregaet. Desuden skulle der indsamles materiale til ICP-MS-analyse til belysning af dyrkningsaktiviteterne.","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134466376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Etik i ældreplejen","authors":"Dorthe Brix","doi":"10.7146/AUL.318.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/AUL.318.216","url":null,"abstract":"Bogen er taenkt som et nyttigt redskab pa SOSU-uddannelserne, hvor den etiske dimension bor vaere en storre del af pensum. Et centralt sporgsmal kunne i denne forbindelse vaere: Er det muligt gennem uddannelse at tillaere sig en etisk made at ga til pleje- og omsorgsarbejdet pa? Intentionen er, at bogen her gerne skulle sla fast, at det ved hjaelp af ganske enkle justeringer er muligt. Bogen kan desuden med fordel laeses af det allerede uddannede personale inden for social- og sundhedsomradet. Etik og moral i aeldreplejen er derudover et vigtigt emne at bringe til torvs i den politiske debat. Nar politikere udtaler sig om aeldreomradet (oftest i forbindelse med folketings- og kommunalvalg) hores ofte en ensidig tale om, hvor tit de aeldre bor fa hjaelp til at komme i bad, hvor lidt rengoring man kan slippe af sted med og ikke mindst, hvordan der kan tjekkes op pa, om personalet nu ogsa overholder tiderne. I relation til det stigende dokumentationskrav bliver der desvaerre ikke lagt op til at registrere og dermed kontrollere, hvorvidt der bliver leveret anstaendighed og kaerlig omsorg. Formalet med denne bog er derfor ogsa at sla et slag for at saette etik og moral i aeldreplejen pa den politiske dagsorden. Bogen skulle saledes ogsa vaere oplagt at laese for politikere og alle andre, der gerne vil have et indblik i, hvad der ogsa er virkeligheden i det danske velfaerdssamfund.","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122762605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Control of Residential Space Heating for Demand Response Using Grey-box Models","authors":"R. Hedegaard","doi":"10.7146/AUL.317.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/AUL.317.215","url":null,"abstract":"Certain advanced control schemes are capable of making a part of the thermostatic loads of space heating in buildings flexible, thereby enabling buildings to engage in so-called demand response. It has been suggested that this flexible consumption may be a valuable asset in future energy systems where conventional fossil fuel-based energy production have been partially replaced by intermittent energy production from renewable energy sources. Model predictive control (MPC) is a control scheme that relies on a model of the building to predict the future impact on the temperature conditions in the building of both control decisions (space heating) and phenomena outside the influence of the control scheme (e.g. weather conditions). MPC has become one of the most frequently used control schemes in studies investigating the potential for engaging buildings in demand response. While research has indicated MPC to have many useful applications in buildings, several challenges still inhibit its adoption in practice. A significant challenge related to MPC implementation lies in obtaining the required model of the building, which is often derived from measurements of the temperature and heating consumption. Furthermore, studies have indicated that, although demand response in buildings could contribute to the task of balancing supply and demand, suitable tariff structures that incentivize consumers to engage in DR are lacking. The main goal of this work is to contribute with research that addresses these issues. This thesis is divided into two parts. The first part of the thesis explores ways of simplifying the task of obtaining the building model that is required for implementation of MPC. Studies that explore practical ways of obtaining the measurement data needed for model identification are presented together with a study evaluating the suitedness of different low-order model structures that are suited for control-purposes. The second part of the thesis presents research on the potential of utilizing buildings for demand response. First, two studies explore and evaluate suitable incentive mechanisms for demand response by implementing an MPC scheme in a multi-apartment building block. These studies evaluate two proposed incentive mechanisms as well as the impact of building characteristics and MPC scheme implementation. Finally, a methodology for bottom-up modelling of entire urban areas is presented, and proved capable of predicting the aggregated energy demand of urban areas. The models resulting from the methodology are then applied in an analysis on demand response.","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116921796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virkningsfuldt Pædagogisk Arbejde i Dagtilbud","authors":"Lone Svinth, Charlotte Ringsmose","doi":"10.7146/AUL.316.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/AUL.316.214","url":null,"abstract":"Denne udgivelse rapporterer fra projektet Virkningsfuldt Paedagogisk Arbejde i Dagtilbud, som Fremfaerd Born tog initiativ til i 2017. Baggrunden var et onske om at undersoge paedagogisk praksis, der formar at sikre born i udsatte positioner trivsel og aktiv deltagelse i faellesskaberne til trods for en relativ hoj andel born i udsatte positioner i de pagaeldende dagtilbud. Formalet er at beskrive, analysere og diskutere hvordan 20 danske dagtilbud beliggende i sakaldte socialt belastede boligomrader med relativt mange born i udsatte positioner skaber trivsel og frugtbare deltagelsesmuligheder for born i udsatte positioner.","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132587154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cost allocation and risk management in renewable electricity networks","authors":"B. Tranberg","doi":"10.7146/aul.311.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/aul.311.210","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the efforts to mitigate climate change, there has been rapidly increasing share of renewable power generation in the European electricity system. In the interest of bridging the gap between corporate and academic research interests, this PhD project presents a research collaboration on renewable electricity systems between Aarhus University and the energy trading company Danske Commodities. The first part of this dissertation has the perspective of a central planner exploring the optimal system design based on simplified fundamental models of the European electricity system. The aim is to determine the optimal locations and capacities of renewable generation sources while keeping the system reliable and cost-efficient. A subsequent step is to allocate the costs associated with the investments needed for the optimal electricity system of the future. I apply power flow tracing techniques for allocation of transmission system usage, cost allocation of generation capacities as well as consumption-based carbon accounting. In the second part, the perspective is changed to that of individual investors in renewable generation technologies, specifically wind turbines. I apply econometric models in the form of copulas to jointly model wind power production and power spot price. The goal is for an energy trading company to minimize the risk associated with long-term wind power purchase agreements, which, in turn, minimizes the risk of investors in these wind turbines. This provides additional incentives for similar investments and thereby increasing the share of renewable power generation in the European electricity system. Applying physical and financial models to different aspects of the European electricity system has led to insights on the differences between the two modeling perspectives. The central planning perspective is useful when exploring pragmatic solutions to the overall design of the European electricity system of the future, but provides no guidance for the individual actors in the system. In contrast, an investor in renewable generating assets focuses on a set of business goals with little regard to their impact on the overall electricity system. The link between the two perspectives is the policy makers, who regulate the electricity system. The results from system models using the central planning perspective can be used by the policy makers as guidelines to provide the right incentives for investors, and other actors in the system, such that the current European electricity system develops towards the optimal and sustainable system of the future.","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117225412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sønderskov udgravningsrapport (excavation report)","authors":"Mette Løvschal, Michael Vinter","doi":"10.7146/AUL.242.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/AUL.242.173","url":null,"abstract":"Som en del af forskningsprojektet Time and Causality : a non-linear approach to prehistoric landscape change, financieret af Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond, gennemfortes i oktober 2015 en mindre undersogelse af en skelvold og en terrassekant i det store fossile system af oldtidsagre i Sonderskov pa det ostlige Djursland. Hovedformalet var at opna ny viden om tidspunktet for anlaeggelsen af afgraensningerne i marksystemet, og om over hvor lang tid afgraensningerne var akkumuleret. Der blev udtaget prover til 14 C- og OSL-datering; selvom resultaterne af disse er forbundet med betydelige biases tyder de pa, at skelvoldene kan have pabegyndt at akkumulere allerede i yngre bronzealder, og der antydes yderligere aktivitetsfaser i bade Tragtbaegerkultur og vikingtid.","PeriodicalId":126978,"journal":{"name":"AU Library Scholarly Publishing Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129255661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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