Global Health: Science and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Couple-Years of Protection Indicator: New Global Guidance for Updating Existing Methods and Adding New Methods.","authors":"Elena Lebetkin, Markus J Steiner, Emily Sonneveldt, Amani Selim, Bamikale Feyisetan, Baker Maggwa Ndugga, A Wezi Munthali, Morrisa Malkin, Fatou Jallow","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00388","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Couple-years of protection (CYP) is an indicator that allows for monitoring and evaluating of family planning (FP) program performance through simple calculations. The CYP for each contraceptive method is calculated by multiplying the number of contraceptive commodity units distributed to clients over a 1-year period by a conversion factor that quantifies the duration of contraceptive protection provided per unit distributed. CYP calculations across methods were previously updated in 2000 and 2011, resulting in changes in methodology, factor inclusion, and specific methods. Since the 2011 update, changes and additions to the modern contraceptive method mix required new CYP conversion factors for 4 methods of contraception: Levoplant implant, progestin-only pills (POPs), Caya diaphragm, and the hormonal intrauterine device.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted literature reviews of both published and gray literature and consulted with experts to identify updated data on continuation rates, duration of efficacy, and method effectiveness for the 4 methods. New CYP conversion factors were calculated for the 4 methods either by using the same calculation used previously for the method considering new data or, for new methods, using calculations for similar methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>New CYP conversion factors were assigned to the 4 methods of contraception covered in this update: Levoplant, 2.5 CYP per implant inserted; POPs, 0.0833 CYP per pack (i.e., 12 cycles per CYP); Caya diaphragm, 1 CYP per device, and hormonal intrauterine device, 4.8 CYP per device inserted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CYP is an important indicator for FP programs. As new methods of contraception are developed and new evidence is generated for current methods, the indicator may need to be updated. A standard process for updating and documenting future CYP updates is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140860490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Can Community Data Be Leveraged to Advance Primary Health Care? A Scoping Review of Community-Based Health Information Systems.","authors":"Shivani Pandya, Lena Kan, Emily Parr, Claire Twose, Alain B Labrique, Smisha Agarwal","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00429","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-based health information systems (CBISs) can provide critical insights into how community health systems function, and digitized CBISs may improve the quality of community-level data and facilitate integration and use of CBISs within the broader health system. This scoping review aims to understand how CBISs have been implemented, integrated, and used to support community health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Both peer-reviewed and gray literature were included; relevant articles were identified using key terms and controlled vocabulary related to community/primary health care, health information systems, digital health, and LMICs. A total of 11,611 total records were identified from 5 databases and the gray literature. After deduplication, 6,985 peer-reviewed/gray literature were screened, and 95 articles/reports were included, reporting on 105 CBIS implementations across 38 countries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings show that 55% of CBISs included some level of digitization, with just 28% being fully digitized (for data collection and reporting). Data flow from the community level into the health system varied, with digitized CBISs more likely to reach national-level integration. National-level integration was primarily seen among vertical CBISs. Data quality challenges were present in both paper-based and digitized CBISs, exacerbated by fragmentation of the community health landscape with often parallel reporting systems. CBIS data use was constrained to mostly vertical and digitized (partially or fully) CBISs at national/subnational levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Digitization can play a pivotal role in strengthening CBIS use, but findings demonstrate that CBISs are only as effective as the community health systems they are embedded within. Community-level data are often not being integrated into national/subnational health information systems, undermining the ability to understand what the community health needs are. Furthermore, stronger investments within community health systems need to be in place broadly to reduce fragmentation and provide stronger infrastructural and systemic support to the community health workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Approaches to Following Up Women and Newborns After Discharge From Childbirth Facilities: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Maxine Pepper, Oona M R Campbell, Susannah L Woodd","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00377","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The postpartum period is critical for the health and well-being of women and newborns, but there is limited research on the most effective methods of post-childbirth follow-up. This scoping review synthesizes evidence from high-, middle-, and low-income countries on approaches to following up individuals after discharge from childbirth facilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a systematic search in Ovid MEDLINE, we identified quantitative studies describing post-discharge follow-up methods deployed up to 12 months postpartum. We searched for English-language, peer-reviewed articles published between January 1, 2007 and November 2, 2022, with search terms covering 2 broad areas: \"postpartum/postnatal period\" and \"surveillance.\" We single-screened titles and abstracts and double-extracted all included articles, recording study design and location, population, health outcome, method, timing and frequency of data collection, and percentage of study participants reached.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 1,654 records, of which 31 studies were included. Eight studies used in-person visits to follow up participants, 10 used telephone calls, 7 used self-administered questionnaires, and 6 used multiple methods. Across studies, the minimum length of follow-up was 1 week after delivery, and up to 4 contacts were made within the first year after delivery. Follow-up (response) rates ranged from 23% to100%. Postpartum infection was the most common outcome investigated. Other outcomes included maternal (ill-)health, neonatal (ill-)health and growth, maternal mental health and well-being, care-giving/-seeking behaviors, and knowledge and intentions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our scoping review identified multiple follow-up methods after discharge, ranging from home visits to self-administered electronic questionnaires, which could be implemented with high response rates. The studies demonstrated that post-discharge follow-up of women and newborns was feasible, well received, and important for identifying postpartum illness or complications that would otherwise be missed. Therefore, the identified methods have the potential to become an important component of fostering a continuum of care and measuring and addressing postpartum morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Budget Process and Execution: A Case Study on the Underperformance of the Peruvian Health System, 2000-2021.","authors":"Rolf Erik Hönger, Doreen Montag","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00250","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Health system financing for emerging economies with aging populations and changing epidemiological profiles is an increasing challenge. Peru, as one of the countries with the highest economic growth in this century, provides a good example for analyzing the impact of the budgeting process and the budget execution on the performance of a health system. This article aims to answer how policies and processes are the root causes of the performance gap of the Peruvian health system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a case study methodology composed of 17 semistructured interviews with senior national and regional actors conducted between the end of 2021 and the beginning of 2022. Participants were selected with a combination of purposive, convenience, and snowball sampling until reaching saturation at 14 interviews. Participants' answers were grouped according to the topics explored, enabling comparisons and identification of themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The responses revealed that 4 interconnected influences affect the Peruvian health system. Political instability affects the sustainable development of health policies. The fiscal cycle limits the public health expenditure to a low 3% of the gross domestic product. The budget cycle is based on the low motivation of the Ministry of Health (MOH) to establish a proper budgeting process. The execution cycle represents the results of chronic underinvestment with a lack of professionals, equipment, and data affecting the access to care expressed by a high out-of-pocket share in health expenditure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To escape these cycles, the MOH needs to be able to argue in economic terms for the prioritization of health, showing the economic rationale for investment in health. Taxes need to finance the additional investment within the available fiscal space. The rigidity of the budget law needs to be adapted, and a technical budget that is oriented to the current and future health priorities needs to be elaborated.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and Cost Analysis of a Novel Silicosis Case-Finding Program For Mine Workers in Rural Rwanda.","authors":"Robert Tumusime, Michael S Miller, Anne Niyigena, Symaque Dusabeyezu, Pierrot Uwitonze, Emmanuel Harerimana, Grace Umugiraneza, Wellars Dusingizimana, Samuel Hatfield, Stella Savarimuthu, Juliana Lawrence, Pacifique Hagenimana, Jean Marie Vianney Ngenzi, Aristarque Murara, Phoebe Mwiseneza, Paul Sonenthal, Vincent K Cubaka, Fredrick Kateera, Innocent Kamali","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00290","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about the burden of silicosis in Africa, despite extensive mining and construction operations in the region putting numerous people at risk. The implementation experience and costs of case-finding for occupational lung disease in resource-limited settings are also currently unknown. We describe the first-ever silicosis case-finding project in rural Rwanda using chest X-ray, symptom questionnaires, and spirometry. This was coupled with routine noncommunicable disease case-finding for diabetes and hypertension. We performed an ingredient-based analysis of the costs of all case-finding activities. In 2022, over 25 days, 1,032 mine workers were included in the program, of which 1,014 (98.3%) completed silicosis case-finding activities. The total cost of the program was estimated to be US$38,656, representing a cost of US$37.49 per person. We conclude that conducting large-scale occupational lung disease case-finding is clinically and economically feasible in resource-limited settings and can be effectively integrated with routine noncommunicable disease case-finding.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National Policy Influences of Contraceptive Prevalence and Method Mix Strategy: A Longitudinal Analysis of 59 Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 2010-2021.","authors":"Michael A Cohen, Suzanne Gold, Arthur Ostrega, Mark Zingbagba","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00352","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the impact of family planning policy and actions is essential for building effective strategies to increase contraceptive use. This study identifies policies that correlate with modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) and private-sector contraceptive method mix strategies (the number of contraceptive methods offered in the private sector) in low-income and middle-income countries. While education, contraceptive choices, and economic growth are known determinants of contraceptive prevalence, many national policies intended to increase contraceptive prevalence in the short term to medium term have ambiguous evidence that they indeed do so. By developing beta and Poisson regression models using 12 years of reported Contraceptive Security Indicators Survey data (2010-2021) from 59 countries, this study investigated the effect of 20 independent variables on mCPR or method mix strategies. Furthermore, to help interpret the potential consequences of economic status, separate models segmented by gross national income (low, low-middle, and upper-middle) were assessed. Of 20 independent variables, 10 are implicated with mCPR and 6 with a method mix strategy. Of these, increasing the share of domestic financing (versus donor funding) for contraceptives had the broadest and strongest contribution. mCPR is also predicted by the existence of national insurance systems that cover contraceptive costs, contraceptive security committees, family planning logistics management information systems, and, inversely, by client fees. A comprehensive private-sector method mix strategy-which itself influences mCPR-is also driven by these, as well as the inclusion of more contraceptives on the national essential medicines list. These findings have implications for countries seeking to expand access to and use of contraceptives through policy initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Social Norms Analysis of Religious Drivers of Child Marriage.","authors":"Olivia Wilkinson, Kerida McDonald, Susanna Trotta, Jennifer Philippa Eggert, Florine de Wolf","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00339","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned From Telephone-Based Data Collection for Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia.","authors":"Prima Dhewi Ratrikaningtyas, Lutfan Lazuardi, Agung Nugroho, Amirah Ellyza Wahdi, Rahsunji Intan Nurvitasari, Luthfi Azizatunnisa, Alfianto Hanafiah, Septi Kurnia Lestari, Ratri Kusuma Wardani, Putri Tiara Rosha, Aviria Ermamilia, Fitrina Mahardani Kusumaningrum, Vena Jaladara, Yayuk Hartriyanti, Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-22-00446","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-22-00446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Sleman Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) is a longitudinal survey held routinely since 2014 to collect demographic, social, and health changes in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. During the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, we needed to adjust our method of conducting data collection from in-person to telephone interviews. We describe the Sleman HDSS data collection strategy used and the opportunities it presented. First, the Sleman HDSS team completed a feasibility study and adjusted the standard operational procedures to conduct telephone interviews. Then, the Sleman HDSS team collected data via a telephone interview in September-October 2020. Ten interviewers were equipped with an e-HDSS data collection application installed on an Android-based tablet to collect data. The sample targeted was 5,064 households. The telephone-based data collection successfully interviewed 1,674 households (33% response rate) in 17 subdistricts. We changed the data collection strategy so that the Sleman HDSS could still be conducted and we could get the latest data from the population. Compared to in-person interviewing, data collection via telephone was sufficiently practical. The telephone interview was a safe and viable data collection method. To increase the response rate, telephone number activation could be checked, ways of building rapport could be improved, and engagement could be improved by using social capital.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140012560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutionalizing Innovation: From Pilot to Scale for Co-Packaged Oral Rehydration Salts and Zinc-A Case Study in Zambia.","authors":"Jane Berry, Simon Berry, Elizabeth Chizema, Bonface Fundafunda, Davidson H Hamer, Stephen Tembo, Rohit Ramchandani","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00286","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We document the development and institutionalization in Zambia of a health innovation for diarrhea treatment aimed at children aged younger than 5 years: a unique oral rehydration salts and zinc (ORSZ) co-pack. Seven recommendations from the World Health Organization/ExpandNet are used retrospectively to analyze and describe the successful scale-up of this innovation from its concept stage, including in-country expansion and policy, institutional, and regulatory changes. The 7 recommendations comprise using a participatory process, tailoring to the country context, designing research to test the innovation, testing the innovation, identifying success factors, and scaling up. The scale-up of co-packaged ORSZ in Zambia is shown to be sustainable. Five years after donor funding ended in 2018, an independent, local manufacturer continues to supply the private and public sectors on a commercially viable basis. Furthermore, national coverage of ORSZ increased from less than 1% in 2012 to 34% in 2018. A key success factor was the continuous facilitation over 8 years (spanning planning, trial, evaluation, and scale-up) by a learning and steering group chaired by the Ministry of Health, open to all and focused on learning transfer and ongoing alignment with other initiatives. Other success factors included a long lead-in of inclusive initial consultation, ideation, and planning with all key stakeholders to build on and mobilize existing resources, knowledge, structures, and systems; alignment with government policy; thorough testing and radical review of the product and its value chain before scale-up, including manufacture, distribution, policy, and regulatory matters; and adoption by the government of a co-packaging strategy to ensure cases of childhood diarrhea are treated with ORSZ. With appropriate local adaptations, this approach to scale-up could be replicated in other low- and middle-income countries as a strategy to increase coverage of ORSZ and potentially other health products.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10906556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139502347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving TB Case Detection Through Active Case-Finding: Results of Multiple Intervention Strategies in Hard-to-Reach Riverine Areas of Southern Nigeria.","authors":"Joseph N Chukwu, Cosmas Kenan Onah, Edmund Ndudi Ossai, Charles C Nwafor, Chukwuka Alphonsus, Okechukwu E Ezeakile, Ngozi Murphy-Okpala, Chinwe C Eze, Obioma Chijioke-Akaniro, Anthony Meka, Martin I Njoku, Francis S Iyama, Ngozi Ekeke","doi":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00164","DOIUrl":"10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A major challenge to TB control globally is low case detection, largely due to routine health facility-based passive case-finding employed by national TB control programs. Active case-finding is a risk-population-based screening approach that has been established to be effective in TB control. This intervention aimed to increase TB case detection in hard-to-reach areas in southern Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, we conducted implementation research in 15 hard-to-reach riverine local government areas with historically recognized low TB case notification rates. Individuals with TB symptoms were screened using multiple strategies. Data were collected quarterly over a 4-year period using reporting tools and checklists. Descriptive analysis was done with Microsoft Excel spreadsheet 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,089,129 individuals were screened: 16,576 in 2017; 108,102 in 2018; 697,165 in 2019; and 267,286 in 2020. Of those screened, 24,802 (2.3%) were identified as presumptive TB, of which 88.8% were tested and 10% were diagnosed with TB (0.23% of those screened). TB notifications more than doubled, increasing by 183.3% and 137.5% in the initial implementation and scale-up, respectively. On average, 441 individuals needed to be screened to diagnose 1 TB case. The cases, predominantly males (56.1%) and aged 15 years and older (77.4%), comprised 71.9% bacteriologically confirmed drug-sensitive TB, 25.8% clinically diagnosed drug-sensitive TB, and 2.3% drug-resistant cases. Detection sources included community outreach (1,786), health facilities (505), people living with HIV (57), and household contacts of bacteriologically confirmed TB cases (123). Remarkably, 98.1% of diagnosed TB cases commenced treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found a significant yield in TB case notifications, more than doubling the baseline figures. Given these successful results, we recommend prioritizing resources to support active case-finding strategies in national programs, especially in hard-to-reach areas with high-risk populations, to address TB more comprehensively.</p>","PeriodicalId":12692,"journal":{"name":"Global Health: Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10906553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139641957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}