Frontiers in Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of <i>Amorphophallus albus</i> provides insights into the evolution and resistance to southern blight pathogen.","authors":"Longfei Duan, Jianfeng Qin, Gaoxin Zhou, Chuan Shen, Baofu Qin","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1518058","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2024.1518058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Amorphophallus albus</i>, a perennial herb in the <i>Araceae</i> family, is a valuable cash crop known for its high production of konjac glucomannan and high disease resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we present a high-quality, chromosome-scale genome assembly of <i>A. albus</i> using a combination of PacBio HiFi sequencing, DNBSEQ short-read sequencing, and Hi-C technology. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying southern blight resistance, we performed an integrated analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles across three infection stages of <i>A. albus</i>.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Here, we assembled and annotated the complete genome of <i>A. albus</i>, providing a chromosome-level assembly with a total genome size of 5.94 Gb and a contig N50 of 5.61 Mb. The <i>A. albus</i> genome comprised 19,908 gene families, including 467 unique families.The slightly larger genome size of <i>A. albus</i> compared to <i>A. konjac</i> may have been affected by a recent whole-genome duplication event. Transcriptional and metabolic analyses revealed significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylalanine metabolism, and the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. These findings not only advance the understanding of genetic and evolutionary characteristics of A. albus but also provide a foundation for future research on the resistance mechanisms of <i>konjac</i> against southern blight disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"15 ","pages":"1518058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive transcriptome and proteome analysis revealed the molecular mechanisms of melatonin priming and waterlogging response in peach.","authors":"Xianbin Gu, Linghong Lu, Jing Gao, Fei Fan, Genhua Song, Huiqin Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1527382","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1527382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Waterlogging substantially hampers the growth and development of plants. The escalating trajectory of global climate change is heightening both the frequency and intensity of waterlogging events. Peach trees are particularly vulnerable to waterlogging, with the resultant hypoxia in the rhizosphere profoundly influencing their growth and productivity. This study explored the responses of peach seedlings to waterlogging and the regulatory effects of melatonin priming. After a 24-h waterlogging treatment, a significant increase in relative electrical conductivity and an accumulation of reactive oxygen species were observed, ion permeability was markedly alleviated by melatonin priming. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were conducted on peach root samples to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the response to waterlogging and melatonin priming. Transcriptome analysis implicated genes related to 'DNA-binding transcription factor activity', such as AP2/ERF, HSF and WRKY transcription factors, in response to waterlogging. The glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway was also significantly enriched, indicating its critical role in the metabolic response to waterlogging. A correlation analysis between differentially expressed genes and proteins highlighted the regulation of numerous genes at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Furthermore, core DEGs/DEPs, including heat shock proteins and stress-related proteins, were identified. Notably, ERF VII member ERF071 (Prupe.8G264900), ADH (Prupe.8G018100), and PCO (Prupe.7G011000) emerged as potential targets for genetic manipulation to enhance waterlogging tolerance in peach. This research provides targets for breeding waterlogging-tolerant varieties and strategies to mitigate waterlogging stress in peach.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1527382"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An initial exploration of core collection construction and DNA fingerprinting in <i>Elymus sibiricus</i> L. using SNP markers.","authors":"Xinrui Li, Daping Song, Mingfeng Li, Daxu Li, Minghong You, Yan Peng, Jiajun Yan, Shiqie Bai","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1534085","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1534085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Elymus sibiricus</i> L., an excellent forage and ecological restoration grass, plays a key role in grassland ecological construction and the sustainable development of animal husbandry. In China, the wild germplasm resources of <i>E. sibiricus</i> are abundant, and they are shaped by similar and contrasting climatic conditions to form distinct populations, which enrich the genetic diversity of <i>E. sibiricus</i>. To more comprehensively aggregate <i>E. sibiricus</i> germplasm resources at a lower cost and to more accurately utilize its genetic variation, this study conducted a preliminary exploration of core germplasm collections and fingerprinting of <i>E. sibiricus</i> using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. By combining multiple evaluation measures with weighted processing, we successfully identified 36 materials from 90 wild <i>E. sibiricus</i> samples to serve as a core collection. Genetic diversity assessments, allele evaluations, and principal component analyses of the 36 core germplasm samples all indicate that these 36 samples accurately and comprehensively represent the genetic diversity of all 90 <i>E. sibiricus</i> germplasm accessions. Additionally, we identified 290 SNP loci from among the high-quality SNP loci generated by whole-genome sequencing of the 90 <i>E. sibiricus</i> samples as candidate markers. Of these, 52 SNP loci were selected as core markers for DNA fingerprinting of <i>E. sibiricus</i>. Using kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) technology, we also performed population origin identification for 60 wild <i>E. sibiricus</i> germplasm accessions based on these core markers. The core SNP markers screened in this study were able to accurately distinguish between <i>E. sibiricus</i> germplasms from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and those from elsewhere. This study not only provides a reference for the continued collection and identification of <i>E. sibiricus</i> germplasm resources but also offers a scientific basis for their conservation and utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1534085"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nematicidal potential of <i>Microbacterium maritypicum</i> Sneb159 against <i>Heterodera glycines</i> and the complete genome sequence analysis.","authors":"Jing Zhao, Zhifu Xing, Aatika Sikandar, Yuxi Duan","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1485160","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1485160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Heterodera glycines</i> is one of the most important pathogens of soybean production worldwide. Biological control provides a strategy for sustainable and environmentally friendly nematode management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) was used to reveal the volatile nematicidal compounds of <i>Microbacterium maritypicum</i> Sneb159 and the mode of action was further elucidated via whole genome sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The present study demonstrated that <i>M. maritypicum</i> Sneb159 fermentation broth showed strong nematicidal activities against <i>H. glycines</i>. The filtrate rather than bacterial cells played a role in the nematicidal character, and reduced the invasion number as well as suppressed the development of juveniles in soybean. The analysis of chemotaxis showed that <i>M. maritypicum</i> Sneb159 has a repellent effect on <i>H. glycines</i> in pot experiments. The volatiles produced by <i>M. maritypicum</i> Sneb159 are toxic to <i>H. glycines</i> for both juveniles and eggs. The seven compounds were analyzed using SPME-GC-MS. In the bioassays, dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide showed both direct contact and fumigated effect on juveniles and eggs. The complete genome sequence of the bacterium <i>M. maritypicum</i> Sneb159 was completed using the PacBio sequencing platform. The genome comprised 3895529 bp and a 68.63% G + C content. Three secondary metabolites gene clusters were predicted by the antiSMASH system.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings reveal multifunction of <i>M. maritypicum</i> Sneb159 towards <i>H. glycines</i>, and has the potential to be developed as a safe nematicidal agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1485160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of historical and future changes in temperature indices for winegrape suitability in Hungarian wine regions (1971-2100).","authors":"László Lakatos, Richárd Nagy","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1481431","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1481431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is significantly impacting our agricultural crops and their cultivation areas, which are expected to change considerably by the end of the century. Temperature conditions decisively influence the safe suitability of grapes in a given location. To address these changes, we analysed the temporal changes of four temperature indicators: Average Growing Season Temperature (AGST), Growing Degree Days (GDD or Winkler index (GDD-WI), Huglin index (HI), and Biologically Effective Degree Days (BEDD) across 22 Hungarian wine regions from 1971 to 2100. The analysis was based on data from 14 climate models under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. To investigate the future suitability of wine grapes, we introduced the dynamic suitability function, which allowed us to analyse the suitability of the average temperature during the growing season for 21 wine grape varieties from 2031 to 2100 in decadal increments. Additionally, a temperature impact function was introduced to characterise the suitability of 21 wine grape varieties with values ranging from 0 to 1, based on the average temperature during the growing season. The results confirmed that the frequency of temperature indices used in grape cultivation will shift distinctly towards warmer climate classes in the future. The increasingly warmer climate presents certain advantages but also has growing cultivation risks. In the most optimistic scenario, the average temperature during the growing season may decrease by 0.8°C over the next seven decades. However, in the most pessimistic model, the change expected by the end of the century exceeds a 4.0°C increase. For wine grape varieties with lower heat requirements, suitability under the pessimistic RCP 8.5 emission scenario is projected to decrease by 29% by the end of the century. Conversely, under the optimistic scenarios, the decline in suitability values is only between 3-4%. For grape varieties with higher heat requirements, a 10% decrease in suitability is expected under the RCP 8.5 scenario. In contrast, the RCP 4.5 scenario suggests that suitability could improve by 1-2% by the end of the century. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the impacts and consequences of climate change and offer insights on how to prepare for these challenges in the viticulture sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1481431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative and synergistic impacts of lime and biochar on soil properties, nitrogen transformation, and microbial function in acidic soils under tobacco cropping.","authors":"Bianhong Zhang, Lina Tang, Zhicheng Chen, Xiaoyan Chen, Lindong You, Ruixin Pan, Ting Chen, Yifei Liu, Wenxiong Lin, Jinwen Huang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1530128","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1530128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lime and biochar are widely utilized to enhance nitrogen utilization in crops grown on acidic soils, though each has its own set of limitations. Understanding their combined effects is crucial for optimizing soil remediation strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigates the impact of lime and biochar on nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) in a tobacco monoculture system, which has been practiced for 20 years on acidified soils in Fuzhou, southeastern China, over the period from 2021 to 2022. Four treatments were applied: control (CK), lime alone (L), biochar alone (B), and a lime-biochar combination (L+B).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that all treatments significantly improved NUE, with increases ranging from 20.07% to 27.17% compared to CK. Biochar (B) was more effective than lime (L), and the combined treatment (L+B) showed comparable effects to biochar alone. Correlation analysis revealed that increases in soil pH and exchangeable base cations facilitated nitrogen transformation, thereby enhancing NUE. Lime treatments (L, L+B) promoted nitrification potential in rhizosphere soil, whereas biochar application (B, L+B) resulted in elevated nitrate nitrogen content. Microbial functional analysis indicated that lime (L, L+B) enhanced nitrification, while biochar (B, L+B) fostered dissimilatory nitrate reduction, thereby improving nitrogen retention. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated a strong positive relationship between dissimilatory nitrate reduction and both soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that lime enhances nitrification, while biochar promotes nitrate retention, together increasing soil nitrogen availability. The combined application of lime and biochar integrates these benefits, yielding results comparable to biochar alone. This study offers valuable insights into the synergistic use of lime and biochar for mitigating soil acidification and optimizing nitrogen management in agricultural systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1530128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of extraction and enrichment process of cannabidiol from industrial hemp and evaluation of its bioactivity.","authors":"Junkai Wu, Xiaomeng Zhang, Xiaoqing Liu, Zunlai Sheng, Jianping Hu, Feiyan Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1495779","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1495779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The <i>Cannabis Sativa</i> L., a perennial dioecious herb renowned for its industrial applications, serves as the source of hemp. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotropic compound derived from industrial hemp, has garnered considerable interest due to its promising therapeutic potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The extraction parameters for CBD from industrial hemp were optimized using the Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM). The purification process involved characterizing the penetration and desorption profiles of CBD on HPD-100 resin. The <i>in vitro</i> antibacterial activity was assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Antioxidant properties were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assays, as well as an iron-reducing ability test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After optimization, the extraction rate of CBD reached 0.26 ± 0.02%. The use of HP-100 resin in the purification process resulted in a significant enrichment of CBD content, which was 4.2 times higher than that of the crude extract, with a recovery rate of 83.13%. The MIC against <i>S. aureus</i> was found to be 5 mg/mL, while no inhibitory effect was observed against <i>E. coli</i>. The IC50 values for the DPPH and ABTS assays were 0.1875 mg/mL and 2.988 mg/mL, respectively, indicating the potent antioxidant capacity of CBD. Additionally, CBD demonstrated a strong iron-reducing ability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings contribute to the development of CBD for broader applications in various industries, highlighting its potential as a valuable compound in health and wellness sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1495779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and enzyme inhibitory activities of bean pear (<i>Pyrus calleryana</i> fruit).","authors":"Huan Zhao, Qinqin Wang, Lanlan Yang, Yuanquan Ran, Qiong Hu, Yi Hong, Minyi Tian","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1521990","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1521990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pyrus calleryana</i> fruit (bean pear) is processed into fruit wine and used in traditional Chinese medicine. The present study reported phytochemical constituents, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitory activities of <i>P. calleryana</i> fruit water extract (WE) and ethanol extract (EE). In the <i>P. calleryana</i> fruit WE and EE, 63 compounds were identified using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS analysis, including 23 phenols, 13 flavonoids, 14 terpenoids, and 13 other types of compounds. In the antioxidant activity, WE and EE showed marked free radical scavenging effects on both ABTS (2.33 ± 0.15 μg/mL and 2.23 ± 0.15 μg/mL, respectively) and DPPH (5.93 ± 0.55 μg/mL and 7.07 ± 0.23 μg/mL, respectively), especially, their scavenging effects on DPPH free radicals were superior or equivalent to that of BHT (7.47 ± 0.47 μg/mL). In LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, <i>P. calleryana</i> fruit WE and EE remarkably inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors, and the inhibitory effect of WE on the release of IL-6, NO, and PGE₂ was superior or equivalent to that of EE. Interestingly, <i>P. calleryana</i> fruit WE and EE exhibited potent inhibition on α-glucosidase (0.60 ± 0.09 μg/mL and 0.48 ± 0.09 μg/mL, respectively) and tyrosinase (210.11 ± 2.59 μg/mL and 45.35 ± 0.96 μg/mL, respectively), which were superior to their respective positive controls acarbose (302.57 ± 22.09 μg/mL) and arbutin (243.07 ± 15.91 μg/mL). Our findings suggested that <i>P. calleryana</i> fruit WE and EE possess significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, α-glucosidase, and tyrosinase inhibitory properties. Thus, <i>P. calleryana</i> fruit has great potential for application in functional food products.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1521990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gene expression atlas of <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> across various tissues at transcript resolution.","authors":"Shizhou Yu, Jufen Wan, Tenghang Xu, Jie Zhang, Linggai Cao, Jie Liu, Hongfeng Liu, Xueliang Ren, Zhixiao Yang","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1500654","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1500654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alternative splicing (AS) expands the transcriptome diversity by selectively splicing exons and introns from pre-mRNAs to generate different protein isoforms. This mechanism is widespread in eukaryotes and plays a crucial role in development, environmental adaptation, and stress resistance. In this study, we collected 599 tobacco RNA-seq datasets from 35 projects. 207,689 transcripts were identified in this study, of which 35,519 were annotated in the reference genome, while 172,170 transcripts were newly annotated. Additionally, tissue-specific analysis revealed 4,585 transcripts that were uniquely expressed in different tissues, highlighting the complexity and specialization of tobacco gene expression. The analysis of AS events (ASEs) across different tissues showed significant variability in the expression levels of ASE-derived transcripts, with some of these transcripts being associated with stress resistance, such as the <i>geranyl diphosphate synthase</i> (<i>GGPPS</i>). Moreover, we identified 21,763 splicing quantitative trait locus (sQTLs), which were enriched in genes involved in biological processes such as histone acetylation. Furthermore, sQTLs involved genes related to plant hormone signal transduction, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, and other resistance pathways. These findings not only reveal the diversity of gene expression in tobacco but also provide new insights and strategies for improving tobacco quality and resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1500654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of core <i>nosZ</i> denitrifiers in enhancing denitrification activity under long-term rice straw retention.","authors":"Shijie Zhang, Mengyao Hou, Bing Li, Panfeng Guan, Qing Chi, Hao Sun, Hangbo Xu, Dongjie Cui, Yupan Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1541202","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpls.2025.1541202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The denitrification process is known to contribute to soil nitrogen (N) loss, which is strongly affected by fertilization strategies; however, the effects of distinct straw retention modes on soil denitrification activity have rarely been discriminated and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study coupled field and incubation experiments to explore the characteristics of soil denitrification activity, soil and standing water physicochemical properties, and the abundance, community diversity, and co-occurrence network of <i>nosZ</i> denitrifiers, based on a paddy field implementing 10-year straw retention under a rice-wheat rotation system. Four straw retention treatments with equivalent chemical fertilizers were applied, namely no straw (NS), wheat straw only (WS), rice straw only (RS), and wheat and rice straw (WRS). Results indicated a significant increase (by 41.93-45.80% when compared to that with NS) in the soil denitrification activity with RS and WRS. Correspondingly, treatments with rice straw retention resulted in the development of a similar community composition (<i>P</i> < 0.05), structure (<i>P</i> = 0.001), and more positively interconnected network, as well as similar specific keystone taxa of <i>nosZ</i> denitrifiers, relative to those in non-rice straw mode. Under long-term rice straw retention conditions, the core <i>nosZ</i>-denitrifying phylogroups shifted (r = 0.83, <i>P</i> < 0.001), with the recruitment of keystone taxa from the phyla Bacteroidetes and Euryarchaeota playing a key role in enhancing denitrification activity and stimulating N loss. Accordingly, in a rice-wheat rotation field, the practice of wheat straw retention in a single season is recommended because it will not markedly sacrifice soil N availability impaired by the denitrification process.</p>","PeriodicalId":12632,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","volume":"16 ","pages":"1541202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}