Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Multi-faceted regulation of CREB family transcription factors","authors":"Md Arifur Rahman Chowdhury, Md Mazedul Haq, Jeong Hwan Lee, Sangyun Jeong","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1408949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1408949","url":null,"abstract":"cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear transcription factor, which can be constitutively activated regardless of external stimuli or be inducibly activated by external factors such as stressors, hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors. However, CREB controls diverse biological processes including cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, survival, apoptosis in a cell-type-specific manner. The diverse functions of CREB appear to be due to CREB-mediated differential gene expression that depends on cAMP response elements and multi-faceted regulation of CREB activity. Indeed, the transcriptional activity of CREB is controlled at several levels including alternative splicing, post-translational modification, dimerization, specific transcriptional co-activators, non-coding small RNAs, and epigenetic regulation. In this review, we present versatile regulatory modes of CREB family transcription factors and discuss their functional consequences.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141941090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction of seizures and initiation of epileptogenesis by pilocarpine in zebrafish larvae","authors":"Kinga Gawel, Monika Hulas-Stasiak, Marta Marszalek-Grabska, Anna Grenda, Aleksandra Siekierska, Nataliia Kosheva, Wietske van der Ent, Camila V. Esguerra, Pawel Krawczyk, Waldemar A. Turski","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1418606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1418606","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivePreclinical models of seizures and epilepsy in rodents contributed substantially to the discovery of currently available antiseizure medications. These were also broadly used for investigation of processes of epileptogenesis. Nevertheless, rodent models pose some limitations, thus, new models using alternative species are in high demand. The aim of this study was to describe a new model of seizures/epilepsy induced by the cholinomimetic agent, pilocarpine (PILO), in larval zebrafish.MethodsLocal field potential (LFP) recordings were conducted to analyze electroencephalographic discharges and correlate it with larval behavior. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, as well as TUNEL staining were performed to analyze morphology and apoptosis, respectively. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was undertaken for gene expression analysis.ResultsAcute exposure to PILO, in a concentration-dependent manner, induces electroencephalographic discharges in larval zebrafish, which behaviorally manifest as decreased locomotion and moving time, but enhanced movement velocity. The PILO-induced seizure-like activity is behaviorally distinct from this induced by the application of chemoconvulsant pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Zebrafish larvae previously exposed to PILO (2 h), after a washing out period, exhibit spontaneous, unprovoked discharges and apoptotic changes in their brains.SignificanceHere, we comprehensively investigated a new model of PILO-induced seizures/epilepsy in larval zebrafish. We propose that this model may be used to study epileptogenesis and for antiseizure drug screening purposes.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141941236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination between midcingulate cortex and retrosplenial cortex in pain regulation","authors":"Yunya Qiu, Yan-Na Lian, Cheng Wu, Li Liu, Chen Zhang, Xiang-Yao Li","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1405532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1405532","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThe cingulate cortex, with its subregions ACC, MCC, and RSC, is key in pain processing. However, the detailed interactions among these regions in modulating pain sensation have remained unclear.MethodsIn this study, chemogenetic tools were employed to selectively activate or inhibit neuronal activity in the MCC and RSC of rodents to elucidate their roles in pain regulation.Results: Our results showed that chemogenetic activation in both the RSC and MCC heightened pain sensitivity. Suppression of MCC activity disrupted the RSC’s regulation of both mechanical and thermal pain, while RSC inhibition specifically affected the MCC’s regulation of thermal pain.DiscussionThe findings indicate a complex interplay between the MCC and RSC, with the MCC potentially governing the RSC’s pain regulatory mechanisms. The RSC, in turn, is crucial for the MCC’s control over thermal sensation, revealing a collaborative mechanism in pain processing.ConclusionThis study provides evidence for the MCC and RSC’s collaborative roles in pain regulation, highlighting the importance of their interactions for thermal and mechanical pain sensitivity. Understanding these mechanisms could aid in developing targeted therapies for pain disorders.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141969076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity in the projections and excitability of tyraminergic/octopaminergic neurons that innervate the Drosophila reproductive tract","authors":"Ethan W. Rohrbach, James D. Asuncion, Pratap Meera, Mason Kralovec, Sonali A. Deshpande, Felix E. Schweizer, David E. Krantz","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1374896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1374896","url":null,"abstract":"Aminergic nuclei in mammals are generally composed of relatively small numbers of cells with broad projection patterns. Despite the gross similarity of many individual neurons, recent transcriptomic, anatomic and behavioral studies suggest previously unsuspected diversity. Smaller clusters of aminergic neurons in the model organism <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster</jats:italic> provide an opportunity to explore the ramifications of neuronal diversity at the level of individual cells. A group of approximately 10 tyraminergic/octopaminergic neurons innervates the female reproductive tract in flies and has been proposed to regulate multiple activities required for fertility. The projection patterns of individual neurons within the cluster are not known and it remains unclear whether they are functionally heterogenous. Using a single cell labeling technique, we show that each region of the reproductive tract is innervated by a distinct subset of tyraminergic/octopaminergic cells. Optogenetic activation of one subset stimulates oviduct contractions, indicating that the cluster as a whole is not required for this activity, and underscoring the potential for functional diversity across individual cells. Using whole cell patch clamp, we show that two adjacent and morphologically similar cells are tonically inhibited, but each responds differently to injection of current or activation of the inhibitory GluCl receptor. GluCl appears to be expressed at relatively low levels in tyraminergic/octopaminergic neurons within the cluster, suggesting that it may regulate their excitability via indirect pathways. Together, our data indicate that specific tyraminergic/octopaminergic cells within a relatively homogenous cluster have heterogenous properties and provide a platform for further studies to determine the function of each cell.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism and treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage focus on mitochondrial permeability transition pore","authors":"Jing Cong, Jing-Yi Li, Wei Zou","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1423132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1423132","url":null,"abstract":"Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of stroke, characterized by high mortality and a poor prognosis. Despite various treatment methods, there has been limited improvement in the prognosis of ICH over the past decades. Therefore, it is imperative to identify a feasible treatment strategy for ICH. Mitochondria are organelles present in most eukaryotic cells and serve as the primary sites for aerobic respiration and energy production. Under unfavorable cellular conditions, mitochondria can induce changes in permeability through the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), ultimately leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and contributing to various diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that mPTP plays a role in the pathological processes associated with several neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, ischemic stroke and ischemia-reperfusion injury, among others. However, there is limited research on mPTP involvement specifically in ICH. Therefore, this study comprehensively examines the pathological processes associated with mPTP in terms of oxidative stress, apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and other related mechanisms to elucidate the potential mechanism underlying mPTP involvement in ICH. This research aims to provide novel insights for the treatment of secondary injury after ICH.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High expression of COPZ2 is associated with poor prognosis and cancer progression in glioma","authors":"Zhi Geng, Chunyan Mu, Yuxiang Qiu, Yuchen Tang, Mingyu Su, Chuanxi Tang, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1438135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1438135","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCoatomer protein complex zeta 2 (COPZ2) is a member of heptameric coatomer protein complex I and has been reported to be involved in various tumors. However, COPZ2’s potential involvement in glioma remains to be explored.MethodsThe COPZ2 expression and related clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). TIMER2.0 and the Ualcan database were utilized to assess the COPZ2 expression in various tumors. Univariable, multivariate Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier methods, nomogram analysis, and ROC curve analysis were carried out to assess the relationship of COPZ2 and other prognostic factors with glioma. The LinkedOmics database was used to predict the potential biological mechanism of COPZ2 in glioma. We also conducted <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> experiments to evaluate the functional role and mechanism of COPZ2 in glioma cell lines.ResultsWe found that COPZ2 was highly expressed in glioma and it was associated with age and WHO grades. Kaplan–Meier survival curves, Cox analysis, nomogram analysis, and ROC curve showed that COPZ2 was a disadvantageous factor in poor glioma prognosis. The functions of COPZ2 and co-expression genes were significantly associated with neutrophil-mediated immunity, granulocyte activation, and response to interferon-gamma. In addition, COPZ2 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells. Mechanistically, COPZ2 suppressed tumor development by participating in the regulation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that the elevation of COPZ2 was associated with the prognosis and progression of glioma, and it might be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for glioma.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple aspects of amyloid dynamics in vivo integrate to establish prion variant dominance in yeast","authors":"Jennifer Norton, Nicole Seah, Fabian Santiago, Suzanne S. Sindi, Tricia R. Serio","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1439442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1439442","url":null,"abstract":"Prion variants are self-perpetuating conformers of a single protein that assemble into amyloid fibers and confer unique phenotypic states. Multiple prion variants can arise, particularly in response to changing environments, and interact within an organism. These interactions are often competitive, with one variant establishing phenotypic dominance over the others. This dominance has been linked to the competition for non-prion state protein, which must be converted to the prion state via a nucleated polymerization mechanism. However, the intrinsic rates of conversion, determined by the conformation of the variant, cannot explain prion variant dominance, suggesting a more complex interaction. Using the yeast prion system [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>], we have determined the mechanism of dominance of the [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>]<jats:sup>Strong</jats:sup> variant over the [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>]<jats:sup>Weak</jats:sup> variant <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>. When mixed by mating, phenotypic dominance is established in zygotes, but the two variants persist and co-exist in the lineage descended from this cell. [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>]<jats:sup>Strong</jats:sup> propagons, the heritable unit, are amplified at the expense of [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>]<jats:sup>Weak</jats:sup> propagons, through the efficient conversion of soluble Sup35 protein, as revealed by fluorescence photobleaching experiments employing variant-specific mutants of Sup35. This competition, however, is highly sensitive to the fragmentation of [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>]<jats:sup>Strong</jats:sup> amyloid fibers, with even transient inhibition of the fragmentation catalyst Hsp104 promoting amplification of [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>]<jats:sup>Weak</jats:sup> propagons. Reducing the number of [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>]<jats:sup>Strong</jats:sup> propagons prior to mating, similarly promotes [<jats:italic>PSI<jats:sup>+</jats:sup></jats:italic>]<jats:sup>Weak</jats:sup> amplification and conversion of soluble Sup35, indicating that template number and conversion efficiency combine to determine dominance. Thus, prion variant dominance is not an absolute hierarchy but rather an outcome arising from the dynamic interplay between unique protein conformations and their interactions with distinct cellular proteostatic niches.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular signatures in Mendelian neurodevelopment: a focus on ubiquitination driven DNA methylation aberrations","authors":"Liselot van der Laan, Nicky ten Voorde, Marcel M. A. M. Mannens, Peter Henneman","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1446686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1446686","url":null,"abstract":"Mendelian disorders, arising from pathogenic variations within single genetic loci, often manifest as neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), affecting a significant portion of the pediatric population worldwide. These disorders are marked by atypical brain development, intellectual disabilities, and various associated phenotypic traits. Genetic testing aids in clinical diagnoses, but inconclusive results can prolong confirmation processes. Recent focus on epigenetic dysregulation has led to the discovery of DNA methylation signatures, or episignatures, associated with NDDs, accelerating diagnostic precision. Notably, TRIP12 and USP7, genes involved in the ubiquitination pathway, exhibit specific episignatures. Understanding the roles of these genes within the ubiquitination pathway sheds light on their potential influence on episignature formation. While TRIP12 acts as an E3 ligase, USP7 functions as a deubiquitinase, presenting contrasting roles within ubiquitination. Comparison of phenotypic traits in patients with pathogenic variations in these genes reveals both distinctions and commonalities, offering insights into underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. This review contextualizes the roles of TRIP12 and USP7 within the ubiquitination pathway, their influence on episignature formation, and the potential implications for NDD pathogenesis. Understanding these intricate relationships may unveil novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic strategies for NDDs.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of innate immunity and lipid biosynthesis in neurodegeneration","authors":"Daniel R. Scoles, Stefan M. Pulst","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1402055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1402055","url":null,"abstract":"The cGAS-STING innate immunity pathway and the SREBP-activated cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis pathway are abnormally co-regulated in neurodegenerative disease. Activation of STING signaling occurs at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane with STING anchored by INSIG1 along with SREBP and the sterol-bound SREBP cleavage activating protein (SCAP) when sterols are in abundance. When sterols are low, the INSIG-dependent STING pathway is inactivated and the SREBP-SCAP complex is translocated to the Golgi where SREBP is cleaved and translocated to the nucleus to transactivate genes for cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis. Thus, there is inverse activation of STING vs. SREBP: when innate immunity is active, pathways for cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis are suppressed, and vice versa. The STING pathway is stimulated by foreign viral cytoplasmic nucleic acids interacting with the cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) DNA sensor or RIG-I and MDA5 dsRNA sensors, but with neurodegeneration innate immunity is also activated by self-DNAs and double-stranded RNAs that accumulate with neuronal death. Downstream, activated STING recruits TBK1 and stimulates the transactivation of interferon stimulated genes and the autophagy pathway, which are both protective. However, chronic activation of innate immunity contributes to microglia activation, neuroinflammation and autophagy failure leading to neurodegeneration. STING is also a proton channel that when activated stimulates proton exit from STING vesicles leading to cell death. Here we review the salient features of the innate immunity and cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis pathways, observations of abnormal STING and SREBP signaling in neurodegenerative disease, and relevant therapeutic approaches.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides for pediatric neurological disorders","authors":"Xiaochang Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnmol.2024.1412964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1412964","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric neurological disorders are frequently devastating and present unmet needs for effective medicine. The successful treatment of spinal muscular atrophy with splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides (SSO) indicates a feasible path to targeting neurological disorders by redirecting pre-mRNA splicing. One direct outcome is the development of SSOs to treat haploinsufficient disorders by targeting naturally occurring non-productive splice isoforms. The development of personalized SSO treatment further inspired the therapeutic exploration of rare diseases. This review will discuss the recent advances that utilize SSOs to treat pediatric neurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":12630,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141779531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}