{"title":"Knowledge-based Management and Control of Communications Networks","authors":"K. Fertig, A. Andrews, Chiau-Yu Wang","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805771","url":null,"abstract":"An environment for creating \"expert systems without experts\" is being developed for knowledge-based management and control of communications networks. It uses a network simulator in conjunction with a knowledge engineering environment for the experimental development and evaluation of control knowledge. A survivable packet radio network is being used as a demonstration problem, and two levels of network operations have been demonstrated in simulations. One simulation demonstrated knowledge-based network configuration and routing initialization at the \"control level,\" and the other demonstrated network-wide operations at the \"traffic level\". The traffic-level simulator was also used for speed comparisons of various software and hardware implementations, including IntelliCorp's KEE on a LMI Lambda and a Symbolics 3675, and CACI's SIMSCRIPT on a VAX-11/780, an IBM PC/XT and an IBM AT.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133719197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beamforming for Phased Array Antennas by Optical Means","authors":"N. Jespersen, P. Herczfeld","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805757","url":null,"abstract":"Phased array beamforming requires the adjustment of both amplitude taper (primarily for side-lobe level control) and phase taper (for main beam coverage control) across a given antenna aperture. Such tapering is generally implemented by employing phase shifters and attenuators (or amplifiers) behind the individual radiating elements. Recently developed photosensitive microwave PIN diodes have opened up the possibility of realizing such circuits which can be controlled by optical rather than by electrical means. The implications of optical signalling (by fiberoptics) include reduced weight (as compared to copper conductors) and immunity from EMI/EMP effects, both of which are priority items in air- and spaceborne applications. The new microwave PIN diodes are applied in the analysis and design of beamform control circuits for phased array antennas. The diodes are characterized and applied in the design of an optically controlled reflective phase shifter.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132244290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Speech Recognition Technology","authors":"Ed Marcato","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805792","url":null,"abstract":"Speech Recognition has moved beyond the small vocabulary, custom application environment. The technology today offers products with up to a 1000 word vocabulary, high accuracy in noisy environments, a high degree of user friendliness and the ability to be connected to any existing computer application. The benefits of voice include much higher individual productivity, accuracy and the ability to integrate computer input modes by the user.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134349711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chiau-Yu Wang, M. W. Atkinson, K. Fertig, A. Sastry
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Multi-Hop Packet Radio Networks using Simulation","authors":"Chiau-Yu Wang, M. W. Atkinson, K. Fertig, A. Sastry","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805770","url":null,"abstract":"Design of a multi-hop store-and-forward packet radio network with mobile stations is quite complex due to the changing connectivity environment. In view of this, a number of heuristic procedures for retransmission control, congestion control, updating of routing tables, etc. become necessary as can be found in the existing literature on packet radio networks (mostly related to the packet radio program of the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency). Since such procedures are not easily amenable to analysis, simulations and hardware/software testbeds are required to obtain a meaningful assessment of performance of the networks. In this paper, we describe a preliminary simulation model for packet radio networks, developed using the discrete event simulation language, SIMSCRIPT, on a VAX 11/780. In the present model, a number of functions such as routing, passive and active acknowledgments, determination of good neighbor nodes, carrier sense multiple access, and pacing are incorporated. Some numerical results are obtained using a topology with five stations. In future work, the model will be enhanced and used as a vehicle to analyze performance with different medium access and routing schemes and with higher level protocols such as the transport layer.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114554600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Analysis of the Music Algorithm with Spatial Smoothing in the Presence of Coherent Sources","authors":"A. Paulraj, V. Reddy, T. Shan, T. Kailath","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805849","url":null,"abstract":"We study the effect of spatial smoothing on the performance of the MUSIC algorithm for directions-of-arrival estimation of partially and fully coherent sources. We show that spatial smoothing improves the sensitivity of the invariant subspaces as a result of progressive decorrelation of the sources, and that the rate at which this happens depends upon the spacing and directions of the sources. This analysis explains the performance improvement observed with moving arrays in the presence of coherent sources. We also show that smoothing reduces the magnitude of the perturbations through subarray averaging, thereby further improving DOA estimation performance. Results of computer simulations are included to support our analysis.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123138244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting CNR Frequency Hopping Interference by Simulation","authors":"O. Carlsson","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805842","url":null,"abstract":"A computer model has been developed to enable studies of frequency hopping interference. The program is capable of accurately simulating the interference imposed on a frequency hopping or fixed frequency receiver when it is subjected to a multitude of interference sources, such as communication transmitters, jammers and ambient noise. The model handles extreme cosite situations as well as distant emitters. Results are presented as the cumulative distribution for the RF signal-to-interference ratio. The computed interference can also be imposed on a real RF link between a transmitter and the receiver being interfered. This is done under controlled laboratory conditions and enables realistic demonstrations of interference effects and measurements of performance parameters such as synchronization probability, bit error rate and speech intelligibility.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121879410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SAMT - AN/GSC-52 A New Generation Satellite Communications Ground Terminal with Self-Diagnostic Capability and Low Life Cycle Costs","authors":"W. Quan, J. Elia","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805666","url":null,"abstract":"The State-of-the-Art Medium Terminal (SAMT) is a high capacity, SHF satellite communications ground terminal, in fixed and vanized (transportable) configurations, designed to operate in DSCS and NATO satellite networks with the capability of simultaneous transmission and reception of CW, FM, PM, FDMA, or spread spectrum signals. The design of the SAMT, which employs a medium-sized (38-foot) autotracking antenna, is based on the extensive use of field-proven equipment in the realization of a high performance satellite communications terminal that includes three key features not concurrently available in existing systems: a control, monitor and alarm subsystem that provides centralized control and self-diagnostic capability with automatic fault isolation to the module level, as well as capability to operate in an unattended mode; high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) protection; and low life cycle costs. The SAMT includes other desirable features, namely, enhanced communications performance, improved reliability, simplicity of operation and maintenance, expansion capability, and communications equipment commonality. The advantages of SAMT over existing systems are described in terms of the three key features: automatic fault isolation process, the multizone approach for HEMP protection, and identification of cost categories that provide life cycle benefits. This paper concludes with a discussion on the applicability of SAMT technology to a family of state-of-the-art terminals.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121885836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive Nonparametric Acquisition of FH-SS Signals in Jamming","authors":"P. Pawlowski, A. Polydoros","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805789","url":null,"abstract":"A matched filter receiver for frequency-hopped spread spectrum code acquisition in jamming is analyzed. The receiver uses an adaptive, nonparametric distribution-free Median Test detector requiring no knowledge or \"side-information\" about the signal, jammer, and thermal noise parameters to implement an asymptotically constant false alarm rate test. The median of a reference sample set, empirically describing the code-absent probability distribution, determines the threshold used in the nonparametric detector. By updating the reference set every hop epoch, the threshold adapts to the channel condition. Adaptive threshold setting introduces memory so that tests are no longer independent, making exact closed-form analysis difficult. Performance approximations are developed and compared to simulation results illustrating acquisition performance.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130026196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Varying Data Rates and Coding on Groundwave Communications Ranges","authors":"P. Crane","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805707","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwave MF-lower HF communications is one candidate for communications between survivable mobile assets. This paper is an analysis of the capabilities of such a communications system in terms of effective communications range for various combinations of data rate, radiated power, error correction coding, and grade of service required.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131140716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarization Effects in Optical Free Space Communications","authors":"E. B. Gindele, T. L. Miller","doi":"10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MILCOM.1986.4805854","url":null,"abstract":"Polarization control in free space laser communications systems plays a critical role in systems modeling, design and configuration. The key issues of transmit/receive isolation and transmitted beam polarization form the basis of the discussion. Optical systems utilizing polarization effects differ from conventional optical systems in both design and analytical treatment. Starting with a review of polarization definitions and concepts, the discussion proceeds with the outline of a polarization based laser communications satellite design. The practical performance limitations due to polarization effects are discussed. The Mueller Calculus matrix algebra method is presented as a convenient and powerful analysis technique for analyzing polarization effects. Computer simulated polarization performance for the two satellite configuration of a laser cross link communications system illustrates this point.","PeriodicalId":126184,"journal":{"name":"MILCOM 1986 - IEEE Military Communications Conference: Communications-Computers: Teamed for the 90's","volume":"577 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116117275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}