Future cardiologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2444156
Mohammad Reza Movahed
{"title":"The shortcomings of the Medina compared to the Movahed coronary bifurcation classification.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Movahed","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2444156","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2444156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Medina classification separates true bifurcation lesions into three unnecessary groups: 1.1.1, 1.0.1, and 0.1.1. Non-true bifurcation lesions are divided into three unnecessary subgroups called 0.0.1, 0.1.0, and 1.0.0. Furthermore, the Medina classification does not describe any other important features of a given bifurcation lesion, making it useless when comparing complex bifurcation lesions. This has led to confusion in clinical settings and stagnation of bifurcation research. The Movahed bifurcation classification has overcome those problems by summarizing all true bifurcation lesions into one simple relevant category called B2 (B for bifurcation, 2 meaning both main and side branches at bifurcation site have significant lesions) and non-true bifurcation lesions into two simple categories called B1m (B for bifurcation, 1 m meaning only the main branch has significant lesion) and B1S lesions (B for bifurcation and 1 s meaning only the side branch has significant lesion). Moreover, at the same time, additional unlimited suffixes can be added if needed to describe a given bifurcation lesion, making this bifurcation also very comprehensive. In this perspective, the shortcomings of the Medina classification compared to the Movahed classification are discussed in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2442214
Nicola King, Neil A Smart, Theodore Bungon, Martin Peacock, Shakil A Awan
{"title":"Biomarkers in coronary artery disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Nicola King, Neil A Smart, Theodore Bungon, Martin Peacock, Shakil A Awan","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2442214","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2442214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Little information exists regarding the detection of early coronary heart disease protein biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate several potential candidates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic review was carried out followed by meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The standardized mean difference (95% confidence intervals) for each comparison was: Troponins 2.31 (1.18, 3.4), iL-6 1.3 (0.8, 1.81), fibrinogen 1.55 (1.16, 1.94), NT-proBNP 1.05 (0.72, 1.38), lipoprotein a 0.75 (0.48, 1.03) osteoprotegerin 0.92 (0.23, 1.62), VCAM-1 1.53 (0.87, 2.18), pentraxin 3 0.87 (-0.13, 1.87), PAI-1 2.51 (-0.65, 5.66) MMP9 1.25 (0.36, 2.14), MCP-1 1.99 (1.12, 2.85) and adiponectin -1.11 (-1.49, -0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multiple biomarkers that could potentially be used for the early detection of coronary heart disease were identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2445419
Amin Bagheri, Saeed Alipour Parsa, Mohammad Hasan Namazi, Isa Khaheshi, Nasim Sohrabifar
{"title":"Reduced adenosine receptor expression in ACS patients with no-reflow phenomenon undergoing primary PCI.","authors":"Amin Bagheri, Saeed Alipour Parsa, Mohammad Hasan Namazi, Isa Khaheshi, Nasim Sohrabifar","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2445419","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2445419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) often experience the no-reflow phenomenon (NRP), characterized by reduced myocardial perfusion despite an open coronary artery. Adenosine, a potent vasodilator, is used to aid reperfusion. To elucidate underlying molecular mechanism of this phenomenon, we investigated expression of ADORA2A and ADORA2B genes, encoding adenosine receptors, in ACS patients with NRP and non-NRP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a case-control study of 102 ACS patients undergoing PPCI, including 51 patients with NRP (TIMI flow grade 0 or 1) and 51 non-NRP patients with normal flow (TIMI flow grade 2 or 3). Gene expression was measured using Real-Time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis showed significantly reduced expression of both ADORA2A and ADORA2B genes in NRP patients compared to non-NRP (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Furthermore, we observed a direct and moderate correlation between the two genes in NRP patients (<i>r</i> = 0.45, <i>p</i> = 0.001), whereas the correlation was stronger and more direct in non-NRP (<i>r</i> = 0.8, <i>p</i> = 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reduced adenosine receptor expression may contribute to the NRP in ACS patients undergoing PPCI. These findings highlighted the importance of understanding molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon to develop targeted therapies aimed at improving cardiac reperfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2445402
Eli Contorno, Herra Javed, Louis Steen, John Lowery, Ahmed Zaghw, Ali Duerksen, Rodolfo Henrich-Lobo, Brian Reemtsen, T Konrad Rajab
{"title":"Options for pediatric heart valve replacement.","authors":"Eli Contorno, Herra Javed, Louis Steen, John Lowery, Ahmed Zaghw, Ali Duerksen, Rodolfo Henrich-Lobo, Brian Reemtsen, T Konrad Rajab","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2445402","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2445402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart valve replacement is indicated for children with irreparable heart valve disease. These replacements come in a variety of forms including mechanical, xenograft tissue, allograft tissue, and autograft tissue valves. These options each have unique benefits and risks profiles. Mechanical valves are the most structurally durable; however, they represent significant thrombogenic risks and require anticoagulant therapy. Xenograft and homograft tissue valves do not carry the thrombogenic risks found with mechanical valves but also do not have the structural integrity of mechanical valves. Importantly, neither of these options allows for the somatic growth, requiring serial reoperation to implant upsized valves. Autograft implantation and partial heart transplantation each allow for the implantation of growing valves; however, autografts require for either a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve to be fitted into another valve position and PHT requires immunosuppressive medication to allow for the growth of the valve. In summary, outcomes of valve implantation in the pediatric population are significantly subpar compared to the outcomes enjoyed by the adult population. To remedy this, further innovation is needed in heart valve replacement technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2442238
Asmaa Ahmed, Mahmoud Eisa, Andrew Takla, Sahej Arora, Mohamed Salah Mohamed, Amir Hanafi, Scott Feitell
{"title":"Temporal trends and procedural safety of mitral valve transcatheter edge to edge repair in patients with previous CABG.","authors":"Asmaa Ahmed, Mahmoud Eisa, Andrew Takla, Sahej Arora, Mohamed Salah Mohamed, Amir Hanafi, Scott Feitell","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2442238","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2442238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair (M-TEER) is a minimally invasive procedure for patients with symptomatic mitral regurgitation. Its outcomes in patients with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We analyzed data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, using ICD-10-CM codes for M-TEER and CABG. Primary outcomes included in-hospital all-cause mortality and periprocedural cardiac complications. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was employed to compare M-TEER patients with or without prior CABG.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2016 to December 2020, we identified 48,835 M-TEER cases in the U.S. with 9,655 patients (19.78%) having a prior CABG. These patients were older and had more comorbidities. M-TEER procedures increased over the study period, including those with prior CABG (2,145 in 2016 vs. 2,682 in 2020). Adjusted analysis showed no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between patients with and without prior CABG [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.85-1.32, <i>p</i> = 0.47]. However, patients with prior CABG had lower odds of periprocedural cardiac complications [aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59-0.87, <i>p</i> = 0.001].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>M-TEER appears safe for patients with prior CABG, showing no adverse peri-procedural outcomes compared to those without CABG. Despite more comorbidities, M-TEER remains a safe option for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2421688
Artemio García-Escobar, Santiago Jiménez-Valero, Guillermo Galeote, Alfonso Jurado-Román, José Ángel Cabrera, Raúl Moreno
{"title":"Severe acute recoil following transcatheter aortic valve replacement with a self-expanding prosthesis in a heavily calcified bicuspid aortic valve.","authors":"Artemio García-Escobar, Santiago Jiménez-Valero, Guillermo Galeote, Alfonso Jurado-Román, José Ángel Cabrera, Raúl Moreno","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2421688","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2421688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is one of the most common congenital valvular heart diseases occurring in 0.5-2% of the general population, in 2-6% of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and up to 20% of octo/nonagenarians undergoing surgery. In this regard, Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as a therapeutic alternative. At the present time, there is not enough evidence to determine which is the best therapeutic approach for AS in BAV. We report a severe acute recoil following TAVR with a self-expanding prosthesis in heavily calcified BAV. In addition, we provide an updated review of the clinical significance of prosthesis underexpansion in the medium-term.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"823-826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2426875
Eamon Dhall, Adil Mahmood, Nay Aung, Mohammed Y Khanji
{"title":"Cardiovascular magnetic resonance versus echocardiography derived left ventricular ejection fraction for decision-making.","authors":"Eamon Dhall, Adil Mahmood, Nay Aung, Mohammed Y Khanji","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2426875","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2426875","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"811-814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring cardiac vector propagation in acute myocardial infarction: a spatial velocity perspective.","authors":"Tania Ghosal, Anjan Hembram, Imran Ahmed, Damodar Prasad Goswami, Anupam Bandyopadhyay, Arnab Sengupta","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2440257","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2440257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To objectively characterize the spatial-velocity dynamics of the QRS-loop in the vectorcardiogram (VCG) of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>VCG was constructed as a space curve directly with three quasi-orthogonal leads I, aVF and V2 recorded by conventional ECG of 25 healthy individuals and 50 AMI patients. Spatial velocity (SV) of the dynamic QRS loop, spatial distance (SD), and spatial magnitude (SM) were recorded, along with axis-specific component attributes of vector magnitude such as ΔX, ΔY, and ΔZ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Decreased SV (12-25%, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and SD (10-26%, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and altered spatial propagation patterns of ventricular vectors in AMI were recorded, with changes in specific axes based on infarct location. Significant vector changes were found in the Y-Axis in IWMI (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and X-Axis in cases of AWMI (<i>p</i> = 0.02), as compared to controls. There was no apparent alteration of SM in AMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Decreased SV and SD without any significant alteration of SM indicates close approximation and clustering of the tips of the ventricular vector in AMI. This may be due to dilation, thinning, and stress of the ventricular wall in early post infarction ventricular remodeling, along with relative ischemia due to associated tachycardia and higher myocardial oxygen demand.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"827-836"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Future cardiologyPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2434392
Asmaa Ahmed, Mahmoud Eisa, Andrew Takla, Sahej Arora, Mohamed Mohamed, Amir Hanafi, Scott Feitell
{"title":"Outcomes of mitral valve transcatheter edge to edge repair in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion.","authors":"Asmaa Ahmed, Mahmoud Eisa, Andrew Takla, Sahej Arora, Mohamed Mohamed, Amir Hanafi, Scott Feitell","doi":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2434392","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14796678.2024.2434392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It remains unknown whether the concomitant coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) would affect the outcomes of the Mitral valve Trans-catheter Edge to edge-to-edge repair (M-TEER) procedure.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Study population was extracted from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample Data using the International Classification of Diseases and clinical modifications/procedure coding system codes for M-TEER and CTO. Primary outcomes were in-hospital all-cause mortality and net cardiac periprocedural complications. Propensity matching was used to extract a matched control (M-TEER-CTO and M-TEER-No CTO).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 48,835 cases of M-TEER were identified in the United States between January 2016 and December 2020, of whom 700 patients (1.5%) had the diagnosis of coronary total occlusion (CTO). The mean age of M-TEER patients was not significantly different between the two groups (76 vs. 75 years, <i>p</i> = 0.11); however, the CTO cohort had a higher percentage of males (66.72% vs. 53.41%, <i>p</i> = 0.002). M-TEER-CTO had higher odds of net all cardiac periprocedural complications (aOR 1.83,95% CI (1.17-2.84), <i>p</i> = 0.007) compared to the no-CTO group, however, there was no difference in in-hospital mortality (aOR 1.54, 95%CI (0.52-4.56), <i>p</i> = 0.43).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients undergoing M-TEER with CTO had a higher incidence of net all cardiac periprocedural complications but similar mortality compared to those with no CTO.</p>","PeriodicalId":12589,"journal":{"name":"Future cardiology","volume":" ","pages":"843-847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142727631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}