General and comparative endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone II and its receptor regulate motility, morphology, and kinematics of porcine spermatozoa in vitro","authors":"A.T. Desaulniers ,&nbsp;C.E. Ross ,&nbsp;R.A. Cederberg ,&nbsp;K.W. Lovercamp ,&nbsp;C.A. Lents ,&nbsp;B.R. White","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The second form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-II) and its receptor (GnRHR-II) are abundantly produced within the porcine testis and immunolocalize within the seminiferous tubules, suggesting a role in spermatogenesis and/or sperm function. The objective of this study was to quantify GnRH-II and GnRHR-II abundance within boar reproductive tract tissues and examine their role in porcine sperm function. Immunoblotting revealed GnRHR-II abundance was 12-fold greater (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) within the testis compared with other reproductive organs. Within seminiferous tubules, GnRHR-II prominently immunolocalized to elongating spermatids. In ejaculated spermatozoa, GnRHR-II immunolocalized to the connecting piece. GnRH-II was also detected in seminal plasma, likely originating from the testis as GnRH-II concentrations were greatest in testicular homogenates (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) compared with other reproductive tissues. To assess the effects of GnRH-II/GnRHR-II on sperm function, extended semen samples were treated with GnRHR-II analogues and evaluated via computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). In Experiment 1, semen treatment with increasing concentrations of GnRHR-II agonist (D-ala⁶ GnRH-II) revealed that two concentrations (0.1 and 100 µM) tended to decrease the percentage of bent sperm tails versus vehicle-treated semen (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.10). In Experiment 2, semen treatment with increasing concentrations of GnRHR antagonist (SB-75/Cetrorelix) indicated that only 10 µM SB-75 impaired CASA metrics compared with vehicle-treated samples (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In Experiment 3, semen treatment with both 100 µM D-ala⁶ GnRH-II and 10 µM SB-75 partially rescued sperm motility and morphology measures. These data suggest that GnRH-II and its receptor regulate porcine sperm function in an autocrine/paracrine manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"361 ","pages":"Article 114653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress Axis: Molecular and Cellular Regulation of the HPI/HPA Axis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114643","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 114643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crosstalk between prolactin, insulin-like growth factors, and thyroid hormones in feather growth regulation in neonatal chick wings","authors":"Yuri Nozawa ,&nbsp;Ayako Okamura ,&nbsp;Hibiki Fukuchi ,&nbsp;Masamichi Shinohara ,&nbsp;Sayaka Aizawa ,&nbsp;Sakae Takeuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The elongation of primary feathers in neonatal chicks is delayed by the late-feathering <em>K</em> gene located on the Z chromosome. We recently found that the <em>K</em> gene slows feather growth by reducing the number of functional prolactin (PRL) receptor (PRLR) dimers. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which PRL promotes feather elongation. RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry analyses revealed that PRLRs are predominantly localized in the pulp rather than in the epidermal layer of the feather follicle. Treatment of primary cultured feather pulp cells with PRL increased the expression of mRNAs for insulin-like growth factors (IGFs; IGF-1 and IGF-2<em>)</em> and type 2 deiodinase (DIO2). Furthermore, treatments with IGF-1 and triiodothyronine (T3) reciprocally enhanced the expression of mRNAs for DIO2 and IGFs. Additionally, BrdU staining in neonatal chicks showed that T3 promoted cell proliferation in both the epidermal layer and pulp cells, while this effect was suppressed by an IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) inhibitor. These findings suggest a novel model in which PRL upregulates IGFs and DIO2 in feather pulp cells, creating a positive feedback loop between IGFs and T3, ultimately leading to the promotion of cell proliferation in both the epidermal layer and the pulp cells by IGFs. This is the first report proposing crosstalk between PRL, thyroid hormone (TH), and IGFs in feather follicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"361 ","pages":"Article 114657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortisol reduces insulin-like growth factor-1 (Igf1) and alters liver Igf binding protein (Igfbp) and muscle myogenic gene expression in blue rockfish (Sebastes mystinus)","authors":"Hayley M. Mapes ,&nbsp;Janae E. Shew ,&nbsp;Henry M. Marden ,&nbsp;Meredith L. Journey ,&nbsp;Brian R. Beckman ,&nbsp;Sean C. Lema","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish experiencing stressful conditions often show elevated circulating concentrations of the glucocorticoid hormone cortisol, which regulates physiological processes including intermediary metabolism and somatic growth. Prior studies point to cortisol inhibiting growth via changes to growth hormone (Gh)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (Igf1) signaling. However, the mechanisms by which cortisol alters Gh/Igf1 pathways in fishes are not well understood. Here, we explored how cortisol influences growth-related pathways in adult blue rockfish (<em>Sebastes mystinus</em>) by administering a single intraperitoneal dose of exogenous cortisol and examining effects on plasma Igf1 and liver mRNA levels for <em>igf1</em> and Igf binding proteins (Igfbps), as well as expression patterns of select myogenesis or muscle atrophy-regulating genes in skeletal muscle. Cortisol-treated rockfish had elevated plasma cortisol and glucose concentrations 5 h and 24 h after cortisol administration. Rockfish also showed lower plasma Igf1 concentrations 24 h after cortisol administration, even though relative expression of <em>igf1</em> mRNAs in the liver was unaffected. Rockfish given cortisol had higher liver mRNA levels for the Igfbp genes <em>igfbp1a</em> and <em>igfbp1b</em>, which encode type 1 Igfbps with proposed inhibitory influences on Igf1 stimulation of somatic growth. Cortisol-treated fish also expressed elevated liver mRNA levels of <em>igfbp2a</em>, <em>−5b</em> and <em>−6</em>, but lower liver <em>igfbp3a</em> gene transcript abundance, as well as reduced mRNAs in skeletal muscle for myoblast determination protein 2 (<em>myod2</em>), a transcriptional activator of myocyte differentiation. These findings show that sustained (24 h) elevated cortisol can lower circulating Igf1 and alter Igfbp expression, which may bring about reduced growth for fish experiencing prolonged stressors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"361 ","pages":"Article 114659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zebra finches (Taeniopygia castanotis) display varying degrees of stress resilience in response to constant light","authors":"Kevin Pham ,&nbsp;Madeline Lazenby ,&nbsp;KayLene Yamada ,&nbsp;Christine R. Lattin ,&nbsp;Haruka Wada","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability for traits to recover after exposure to stress varies depending on the magnitude, duration, or type of stressor. One such stressor is circadian rhythm disruption stemming from exposure to light at night. Circadian rhythm disruption may lead to long-term physiological consequences; however, the capacity in which individuals recover and display stress resilience is not known. Here, we exposed zebra finches (<em>Taeniopygia castanotis</em>) to constant light (24L:0D) or a regular light/dark cycle (14L:10D) for 23 days, followed by a recovery period for 12 days. We measured body mass, corticosterone, and glucose levels at multiple timepoints, and relative protein expression of glucocorticoid receptors at euthanasia. Body mass significantly increased over time in light-exposed birds compared to controls, but a 12-day recovery period reversed this increase. Baseline levels of circulating glucose decreased in light-exposed birds compared to controls, but returned to pretreatment levels after the 12-day recovery period. In contrast, the glucose stress response did not show a similar recovery trend, suggesting longer recovery is needed or that this is a persistent effect in light-exposed birds. Surprisingly, we did not detect any differences in baseline corticosterone or reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitiary-adrenal (HPA) axis between groups throughout the experiment. Moreover, we did not detect differences between relative protein expression of glucocorticoid receptors or a relationship with HPA axis reactivity. Yet, we found a positive relationship between glucocorticoid receptors and the glucose stress response, but only in the light group. Our results indicate that physiological and morphological traits differ in their ability to recover in response to constant light and warrants further investigation on the mechanisms driving stress resilience under a disrupted circadian rhythm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"361 ","pages":"Article 114644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142727664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complementary and additive functions of TRα and TRβ during intestinal remodeling as revealed by ChIP-Seq analysis on wild type and TR knockout animals","authors":"Yuta Tanizaki ,&nbsp;Hongen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yun-Bo Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intestinal structure is drastically changed from fetal to adult form during postembryonic development, a period around birth in mammals. This process is regulated by thyroid hormone (T3) via its receptors, T3 receptor (TR) α and TRβ during anuran metamorphosis. Here, we used intestinal remodeling during <em>Xenopus tropicalis</em> metamorphosis, which serves as a model for human postembryonic development, to identify TR-bound genes and determine the relative contribution to target gene binding by TRα and TRβ. We first examined the localization of TRα and TRβ mRNA during metamorphosis in <em>Xenopus tropicalis</em> and found that TRα was broadly expressed in the intestinal tissues from premetamorphosis to the end of metamorphosis, while TRβ was expressed at low levels during premetamorphosis but was upregulated at the climax of metamorphosis when intestinal stem cells are formed and proliferate. Interestingly, both TR genes were co-expressed in different cell types, including stem cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-seq analyses of the intestine from wild type, TRα- or TRβ-knockout premetamorphic tadpoles treated with or without T3 for 18 h identified many TR-bound genes and revealed the effects of individual TR knockout on the binding of target genes by TR. We found that individual TR knockout reduced both the number of TR-bound genes and the extent of TR binding to target genes with TRα knockout had a much more dramatic effect than TRβ knockout. On the other hand, the TR-bound genes were largely common among the three genotypes. These findings suggest that both TRα and TRβ contribute to target binding with TRα having a bigger contribution in premetamorphic intestine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 114645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142727500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estradiol affects the expression of essential molecular factors involved in luteinizing hormone secretion in the plains vizcacha","authors":"Sofía Proietto ,&nbsp;Santiago Andrés Cortasa ,&nbsp;Alejandro Raúl Schmidt ,&nbsp;María Clara Corso ,&nbsp;Pablo Ignacio Felipe Inserra ,&nbsp;Noelia Paula Di Giorgio ,&nbsp;Victoria Lux-Lantos ,&nbsp;Alfredo Daniel Vitullo ,&nbsp;Julia Halperin ,&nbsp;Verónica Berta Dorfman","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The plains vizcacha is a rodent that shows reactivation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovary (HPO) axis activity at mid-gestation. This process is enabled by the secretion of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at mid-gestation, followed by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. However, a decrease in the pituitary GnRH receptor (GnRHR) expression is concomitantly determined. Moreover, an increment in the pituitary expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been determined. This work aimed to study the impact of estradiol (E2) on GnRHR expression, the transcription factors early growth response protein-1 (Egr-1) and steroidogenic factor-1 (Sf-1), as well as on LH secretion. Three experimental approaches were performed: a physiological one with pregnant plains vizcachas, an <em>in vivo</em> approach with ovariectomized (OVX) animals treated with E2 (OVX + E2), and an <em>ex vivo</em> approach using pituitary glands exposed to a combination of GnRH and E2. Significant increased pituitary expression of Sf-1 and Egr-1 was determined at mid-gestation. Ovariectomy significantly increased adenohypophyseal expression levels of GnRHR, Egr-1, and Sf-1, as well as LH secretion. Then, OVX + E2 showed similar levels to SHAM. Adenohypophyses exposed to GnRH showed induced GnRHR, Egr-1, and Sf-1 expression, and LH secretion, while GnRH + E2 reverted these changes. The mid-gestation pituitary GnRHR decrease may result from the combination of increased E2 and GnRH secretion. Nevertheless, the increased expression of Egr-1 and Sf-1 at mid-gestation, together with LH release, suggests the tightly and complex regulatory system that takes place at mid-gestation, enabling a new progesterone surge that successfully carries the pregnancy to term.</div></div><div><h3>New &amp; Noteworthy</h3><div>A significant increment of Sf-1 and Egr-1 at the pituitary of mid-gestating plains vizcachas was determined. Moreover, E2 reverted GnRHR, Egr-1, Sf-1, and LH increase in ovariectomized vizcachas’ pituitaries and ex vivo pituitaries exposed to GnRH. The decrease of the pituitary GnRHR at mid-gestation may result from the increased E2 and GnRH levels. A tightly and complex regulatory system may take place at mid-gestation enabling a new surge of progesterone that carries pregnancy to term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 114642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional analysis of six melanocortin-4-receptor-like (MC4R-like) mutations in goldfish (Carassius auratus)","authors":"Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Tianze Yang ,&nbsp;Haolin Mo,&nbsp;Mingxing Yao,&nbsp;Qingchuan Song,&nbsp;Huixia Yu,&nbsp;Yuyou Du,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Jiajia Yu,&nbsp;Lixin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melanocortin receptor-4 (MC4R) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor family, characterized by a classical structure of seven transmembrane domains (7TMD). They play an important role in food intake and weight regulation. In the present study, we identified <em>melanocortin-4-receptor-like</em> (<em>caMC4RL</em>) mutants of goldfish from the Qian River in the Qin Ling region and characterized their functional properties, including the constitutive activities of the mutants, ligand-induced cAMP and ERK1/2 accumulation, and AMPK activation. The results show that six <em>caMC4RL</em> mutants were identified in goldfish from the Qian River in the Qin Ling region, and are located in the conserved position of the Cyprinidae MC4Rs. The mutations (E57K, P296S, and R302T/K) result in the loss of Gs signaling function. The mutations (P296 and R302T/K) exhibited biased signaling in response to ACTH stimulation in the MAPK/ERK pathway. In addition, the E57K mutant may play a role in weight regulation and could serve as molecular markers for molecular breeding. These data will provide fundamental information for functional studies of teleost GPCR mutants and MC4R isoforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 114639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid hormones activate TH/E2 receptor/regulator system and drive Na+/K+-ATPase in the ovarian wall of hypothyroid air-breathing fish (Anabas testudineus Bloch)","authors":"Meenu Viswanath ,&nbsp;M.C.Subhash Peter","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In fish, as in other vertebrates, thyroid hormones (THs) act on many biological processes including growth and reproduction. Primary THs such as thyroxine (T₄) and triiodothyronine (T₃) are known for their direct action on osmoregulatory organs regulating ion osmotic homeostasis in many teleost fishes. However, it is unclear how these hormones interact with estradiol-17β (E₂), an ovarian hormone that regulates the development of oocytes. We thus examined the short-term <em>in vivo</em> action of varied THs such as T_4, T₃ and T₂, a potent TH metabolite diiodothyronine, on the expression pattern of receptors of THs and E₂ in the ovarian wall of the hypothyroid climbing perch to identify the interactive pattern of TH/E₂ receptor system and the molecular dynamics of Na⁺/K⁺−ATPase (NKA) subunits in the ovarian wall that provides structural and functional support to ovary. We found differential pattern of transcript abundance of NKA subunits isoforms such as <em>nkaα1a, nka</em>α<em>1b, nka</em>α<em>1c atp1b1, atp1b2</em> and <em>fxyd3</em>, <em>fxyd5, fxyd6,</em> TH receptor isoforms (<em>tr&lt;, trβ, tr&lt;B</em>), deiodinases (<em>deo1, deo2</em> and <em>deo3</em>) and TH transporter (<em>mct8, mct10</em>) and E₂ receptor (<em>er&lt;, erβ, gper</em>), aromatases (<em>cyp19a1a, cyp19a1b</em>) and steroidogenic enzymes (<em>17β-hsd, sf-1, star</em>) in ovarian wall in response to T₄, T₃ and T₂ administration in MMI-treated fish. The transcript abundance pattern provides evidence for a direct role of THs in the ovarian wall of hypothyroid fish. It confirms a targeted interaction of THs with ER/cyp19a1 and NKA systems. Pattern analysis further revealed that T₄ could produce maximum activation of the TR/Deo/Mct and ER/cyp19a1 systems among three iodinated tyrosines, bringing synergistic interaction between the TH and E₂ systems in the ovarian wall. This novel evidence of direct interaction between the TH/E₂ system and the NKA system in the ovarian wall further testifies to an ion osmotic role for THs in this ovarian structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 114640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and quantitative gene expression analysis of SREB receptors in the gonads of green-spotted pufferfish (Dichotomyctere nigroviridis)","authors":"Timothy S. Breton ,&nbsp;Maria Eduarda Oliveira ,&nbsp;Truly Chillemi ,&nbsp;William Harriman ,&nbsp;Joanna Korasadowicz ,&nbsp;Eme Saverese ,&nbsp;Emma Bourget ,&nbsp;Casey A. Murray ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Martyniuk ,&nbsp;Matthew A. DiMaggio","doi":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Super-conserved Receptors Expressed in Brain (SREB) are a highly conserved family of orphan G protein-coupled receptors that consist of three members in most vertebrates: SREB1 (GPR27), SREB2 (GPR85), and SREB3 (GPR173). Each receptor is associated with diverse physiological processes and expressed in both ovaries and testes, but reproductive functions are only beginning to be understood. In addition, some fishes gained a novel fourth gene, SREB3B, which may have unique functions. The purpose of this study was to conduct a spatial and quantitative analysis of SREBs in the gonads of pufferfish (<em>Dichotomyctere nigroviridis</em>), which expresses all four genes. Multiplex RNAscope and absolute qPCR were used to assess gene expression patterns in both ovaries and testes. Expression was detected in early ovaries and dominated by <em>sreb1</em> (approximately 2500 copies/ng RNA vs. 300 or less for others), with notable expression of all receptors in primary oocytes, granulosa cells, and small numbers of extra-follicular cells. Within primary oocytes, <em>sreb1</em> and <em>sreb3b</em> exhibited diffuse patterns that may indicate early functions, while <em>sreb2</em> and <em>sreb3a</em> were granular and may reflect stored mRNA. Early testicular development was dominated by <em>sreb1</em> and <em>sreb2</em> (∼5000 copies/ng RNA) in spermatogonia. These patterns were somewhat reduced in late testes (∼1000–2600 copies/ng RNA), but <em>sreb3b</em> exhibited a novel spatial pattern (∼380 copies/ng RNA) within spermatogenic cysts. These results highlight diverse roles for the SREB family, and <em>sreb3b</em> is hypothesized to have unique roles in fish reproduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12582,"journal":{"name":"General and comparative endocrinology","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 114641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142618129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}