General dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Periapical scar formation after apicoectomy using leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin as sole filling material: a case report with 6-year follow-up.","authors":"Luiz Guilherme Fiorin, Gabriela Carrara Simionato, Otávio Augusto Pacheco Vitória, Ruan Henrique Delmonica Barra, Ester Oliveira Santos, Elisa Mara Abreu Furquim, Juliano Milanezi De Almeida","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apicoectomy is a traditional surgical technique for treating endodontic-periodontal lesions. The use of biomaterials as fillers to improve tissue recovery at the surgical site has been gaining prominence in clinical dental practice, and leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) membranes have demonstrated the potential to achieve effective results in resolving bone defects. This case report describes the use of an apicoectomy and L-PRF membranes on the maxillary left lateral incisor (tooth 10) to treat a persistent periapical lesion that remained after 2 unsuccessful nonsurgical endodontic treatments. When a 53-year-old woman attended a periodontics clinic for scaling and root planing, a radiograph revealed a periapical lesion at tooth 10. The lesion persisted after both nonsurgical root canal therapy and subsequent endodontic retreatment. The patient underwent apicoectomy combined with open flap scaling and root planing as well as placement of L-PRF membranes as a filling material for the bone defect to improve healing of the surgical area. Follow-up examinations were performed at 7 days, 1 month, and 6 years. Mineralization in the area of bone loss and regression of the periapical lesion were reported, favoring tissue stability. In this patient, apicoectomy combined with the use of L-PRF to fill the bone defect led to clinical and radiographic treatment success.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"74 1","pages":"36-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual incidental findings on panoramic radiography: a case series.","authors":"John K Brooks, Azin Parsa, Jeffery B Price","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interpretation of panoramic radiographs requires a broad knowledge of normal anatomical structures, pathologic disorders, and a diverse array of anomalies. The aim of this report is to present a series of 5 incidental findings rarely documented on panoramic radiography, including 2 examples of facial adornments, 1 example of retained surgical material, 1 example of a developmental variant, and 1 example of a patient positioning artifact.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"74 1","pages":"42-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disinfection and bacterial extrusion in mesial canals of mandibular molars prepared with intentional foraminal enlargement: an in vitro study.","authors":"Letícia de Araújo, Ketillyn da Silva Magalhães, Taynara Santos Goulart, Bruna Venzke Fischer, Beatriz Serrato Coelho Rosetto, Daniela Peressoni Vieira-Schuldt, Rayssa Sabino-Silva, Cleonice Silveira Teixeira, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi, Lucas Fonesca Roberti Garcia, Josiane de Almeida","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The preparation limit--and, consequently, the extent of apical widening when instrumentation extends beyond the anatomical limits of the root canal--remains a controversial issue in endodontics. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of intentional foraminal enlargement on the disinfection of and apical bacterial extrusion from mesial root canals of extracted human mandibular first and second molars. After 21 days of biofilm formation (inoculation with Enterococcus faecalis), 60 mesial root canals of mandibular molars were randomly distributed into 2 groups (n = 30) according to irrigation protocol: conventional irrigation (CI) or passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). These groups were subdivided according to apical preparation limit, which was based on the total length (TL) of the root canal (n = 10): TL-1, preparation 1 mm short of the apical foramen; TL=0, preparation up to the apical foramen; or TL+1, preparation 1 mm beyond the apical foramen. After root canal preparation, the roots were sectioned and placed in containers containing phosphate-buffered saline, and the remaining biofilm adhering to the dentinal walls at the apical third was removed by sonication to determine the amount of residual bacteria. In addition, any irrigating solution that leaked through the apical foramen during chemomechanical root canal preparation was collected in Eppendorf tubes. Aliquots of the released bacterial suspension and the leaked irrigating solution were plated to count the colony-forming units. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests (α = 5%). With the lowest median value of residual bacteria, PUI/TL+1 promoted significantly greater disinfection than CI/TL+1 (P < 0.05) and PUI/TL-1 (P < 0.05). Neither the irrigation protocol nor the apical preparation limit influenced bacterial extrusion (P > 0.05). In root canals with intentional foraminal enlargement, PUI was more effective than CI in eliminating biofilm without inducing bacterial extrusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"74 1","pages":"55-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women regarding maternal and child oral health: questionnaire development, psychometric properties, and associated factors.","authors":"Mayara Costa Motta, Gabriella Oliveira Silva Clemente, Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti, Mariana Leonel Martins, Andréa Fonseca-Gonçalves","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aims of the present study were to develop and measure the psychometric properties of a questionnaire to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women regarding maternal and child oral health; administer the instrument to a group of women receiving prenatal care; and evaluate the influences of socioeconomic, demographic, and gestational factors on these attributes. The psychometric properties of the complete questionnaire were evaluated using content validity index (CVI), exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]). The questionnaire was completed by 245 pregnant women between May 2022 and May 2023. Information on demographics, knowledge about MCOH, dental visit frequency, and fear of dentistry was collected. Generalized linear regression models were performed (P < 0.05). The S-CVI (total scale) was 0.90, indicating excellent content validity and demonstrating that the instrument adequately represents the construct that was assessed. The EFA validated 2 knowledge constructs and 1 practice/attitude construct. The ICC ranged from 0.669 to 0.780 for the knowledge section and from 0.770 to 0.921 for the attitudes and practices section. Low knowledge (60.4% of respondents) was associated with multiparity (P = 0.020) and lower education levels (P < 0.05). Most of the pregnant women who responded to the questionnaire consumed sugar up to 3 times a day (54.3%), did not visit the dentist during pregnancy (38.8%), and reported fear that dentistry represented a risk to the baby (29.4%). Participants who visited the dentist during pregnancy exhibited more positive practices and attitudes (P < 0.001) and higher education levels (P < 0.05). The present questionnaire is valid and reliable, and shows that, in pregnant women, low knowledge regarding maternal and child oral health is influenced by lower education levels and multiparity. Dental visits during pregnancy are associated with positive oral health attitudes and practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"74 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the shade stability of lithium disilicate veneers bonded with a light-curing or dual-curing resin cement: a narrative review.","authors":"Derek Rejto, Ben Balevi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Veneers should be bonded with a resin cement that will undergo minimal discoloration over time. This narrative review was conducted to compare the shade stability of lithium disilicate veneers seated with light-curing (LC) vs dual-curing (DC) resin cement. The PubMed database was searched for in vitro and in vivo studies that were written in or translated into English and published within the last 8 years as of June 1, 2024. Studies were included if they had a minimum sample size of 10 veneers with a thickness of less than 1.5 mm and quantitatively measured shade stability using a spectrophotometer, with color change calculated as ΔE*_ab , ΔE*₀₀ , or both. Studies using self-curing cements not activated by light were excluded. After identification of 3910 studies and subsequent screening of titles and abstracts, the full text of 21 articles was reviewed for possible inclusion. A total of 10 studies (9 in vitro experiments and 1 clinical trial) with a moderate risk of bias met the inclusion criteria. While 7 studies reported that the use of LC vs DC cements had no statistically significant effect on the shade stability of lithium disilicate veneers, 1 study found that LC specimens had significantly lower ΔE*_ab values (P < 0.001) and another study identified a statistically significant difference in shade stability when ΔE*₀₀ was calculated, with DC (amine-free) specimens more stable than LC specimens, but found no significant difference when ΔE*_ab was calculated. In a third study, an LC cement group showed lower ΔE*_ab values than 3 DC cement groups, but only some differences achieved statistical significance. The majority of evidence showed no significant difference in the shade stability of lithium disilicate veneers bonded with LC vs DC resin cement. Cement selection should be based on other factors, including bond strength, cement shade and opacity, handling properties, and cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"74 1","pages":"20-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronal seal in endodontics: a critical but forgotten element.","authors":"Anil Kishen, Prasanna Neelakantan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The success of root canal treatment depends greatly on maintaining asepsis throughout the procedure and achieving effective disinfection of the root canal system. In this context, the concept of the seal holds significant clinical importance. While the apical seal created by the root canal filling has traditionally received emphasis, the role of the coronal seal provided by a well-placed restoration has been a topic of ongoing discussion. This review aims to comprehensively examine the evidence from microbiologic, clinical, and materials science perspectives to highlight the importance of an integrated approach. Data from the scientific literature demonstrate that both a well-executed root canal filling and a timely, high-quality coronal restoration are essential for the long-term success and survival of endodontically treated teeth. This review also discusses the importance of timing in the placement of the coronal restoration and evaluates the properties of different materials used to achieve an effective coronal seal. The findings reinforce the need for clinicians to ensure that a permanent coronal seal is placed as soon as possible after root canal treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"22-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cracked teeth with radicular extension: an update on restorative procedures for endodontically treated deeply cracked teeth.","authors":"Matthew C Davis, Suhaila S Shariff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cracked teeth with radicular extension have traditionally been considered nonrestorable; however, recent evidence supports a conservative treatment approach with favorable outcomes. This article outlines a protocol involving microscope-assisted endodontic therapy, placement of an intraradicular barrier, and timely full-coverage restoration for endodontically treated deeply cracked teeth. When proper case selection guidelines are followed, these teeth show high survival and success rates comparable to those of noncracked teeth. The outlined protocol emphasizes preserving pericervical dentin, sealing the internal aspects of the crack to prevent bacterial contamination, and minimizing occlusal and parafunctional stresses. Although crack-associated isolated periodontal pocketing may persist, studies show these defects may remain stable and asymptomatic over time. A team approach for this protocol is recommended, with endodontists and restorative dentists each playing a role. This article encourages reconsideration of extraction as the default solution to deeply cracked teeth and highlights the importance of preserving natural dentition whenever possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"14-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the apex: anatomical risk assessment to prevent extrusion injuries in endodontics.","authors":"Gordon S Lai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extrusion of irrigants or obturation materials during endodontic therapy may result in significant complications, ranging from postoperative pain to nerve damage and chronic inflammation. Many of these adverse outcomes can be prevented through detailed anatomical assessment and thoughtful treatment planning. This article explores how anatomical complexities, including root apex morphology, proximity to vital structures, and apical resorption, contribute to extrusion risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failures and successes of vital pulp therapy in an undergraduate dental clinic.","authors":"John F Wisniewski, Mitchell Hogue","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vital pulp therapy (VPT) has been the principal treatment option used to preserve pulp function during apical development of immature permanent teeth affected by caries and trauma. Advances in VPT protocols and bioactive materials have made this approach a possible treatment option for mature permanent teeth. This article presents a clinical VPT protocol for mature permanent teeth and compares 2 failed cases and 2 successful cases completed in the general dentistry clinic of a dental school. The objective is to allow general dentists to be more comfortable with providing VPT procedures as a treatment option. Four men underwent VPT in mature permanent teeth using established treatment protocols. In 2 treatments that failed, avascular pulp tissue removal was incomplete and/or inferior capping materials were used. In 2 treatments that were successful, all adversely affected pulp tissue was removed, and calcium silicate cements were used. The outcome differences in these cases support the application of advanced dental biomaterials and techniques to maintain pulpal vitality. Advanced VPT is more comprehensive than previous techniques, as it focuses on the removal of affected pulp tissue and the use of biomaterials to promote mineralized, hard tissue barriers. An accurate diagnosis, removal of inflamed necrotic/avascular pulp tissue, examination of the pulp tissue condition using magnification, and placement of calcium silicate cement directly on the exposed pulp tissue are critical to success.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"32-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined endodontic and periodontal management of trauma-induced tooth resorption: case reports and review of the literature.","authors":"Shubham Tripathi, Pallav Patni, Pradeep Jain, Swadhin Raghuwanshi, Sanket Hans Pandey","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objectives of this article are to report 2 cases of trauma-induced invasive cervical resorption (ICR) treated with surgical and nonsurgical restoration modalities and to review the literature on the clinical effectiveness of these approaches. Both surgical and nonsurgical techniques resulted in successful outcomes for 2 patients with trauma-induced ICR, classified as class 4 in the Heithersay classification and 3Bp in the 3-dimensional classification proposed by Patel et al. In the first case, the inapproachable resorptive lacuna was restored surgically, while in the second case, the large, approachable resorptive lacunae was treated nonsurgically. Treatment included root canal therapy, removal of granulation tissue, and placement of trichloroacetic acid and mineral trioxide aggregate to restore the resorptive lacuna. Follow-up examinations at 24 and 18 months for cases 1 and 2, respectively, indicated no recurrence, demonstrating successful management. Supporting the positive outcomes observed in these 2 clinical cases, the published literature suggests that the use of advanced diagnostic tools and appropriate treatment modalities tailored to each specific case can substantially increase the long-term retention of teeth affected by ICR.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}