General dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial efficacy of a novel antimicrobial 3D-printed denture base resin.","authors":"Behailu B Eshetea, Maha Leila, Timothy Cho, Maggie Xiaoxia Liu, Neil Park, Jason A Griggs, Sreenivas Koka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colonizing microbes on denture resins can result in oral inflammation and infections associated with morbidity and mortality. The antibacterial activity of a denture base resin impregnated with silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate and formulated for 3-dimensional (3D) printing was compared with that of a commonly used 3D-printed resin (negative control). A total of 336 disc-shaped specimens were 3D printed from the antimicrobial and control denture base resins (n = 168 per group). The ASTM E2180-07 standard test method was used to determine the short-term and long-term in vitro antimicrobial properties of the materials against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata. The short-term testing assessed the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) of each species on test and control discs (n = 9 per group per species). The stability of antimicrobial activity against S mutans and C albicans was evaluated monthly on 78 discs of each material, which were stored in artificial saliva for up to 6 months under 3 conditions: real-time single-use (n = 18 group per species), real-time repeated-use (n = 3 per group per species), and accelerated tests (n = 18 per group per species). Analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests were used to measure the mean differences between the antimicrobial and control resins as well as among the microbes tested (α = 0.05). In the short-term testing, the antimicrobial resin demonstrated significantly fewer log10 CFUs/mL of all microbes than did the control resin (P < 0.05). In the long-term testing (6-month single-use, 6-month repeated-use, and 36-month accelerated tests), the antimicrobial resin exhibited a significantly decreased load of S mutans and C albicans compared with the control resin (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that discs printed from an antimicrobial denture base resin had potent short-term and long-term antimicrobial effects, including activity against microbes associated with pneumonia, candidiasis, stomatitis, and malodor.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Color stability of composite resins with different photoinitiator systems when subjected to water aging: an in vitro study.","authors":"Garima Poddar, Suparna G Saha, Rolly S Agarwal, Manasi Kewlani, Anu Vashisht, Ajay S Rao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the color stability of composite resins with different photoinitiator systems when subjected to water aging for 28 days. A total of 48 disc-shaped specimens (1.5 mm in diameter × 2.0 mm thick) of 3 commercially available composite resins (n = 16 per group) were fabricated in custom acrylic molds. Each of the composite resins is formulated with a distinct photoinitiator system: diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphineoxide (TPO), bis(4-methoxybenzoyl) diethylgermanium (Ivocerin), or camphorquinone (CQ). The specimens were polymerized with an LED curing unit and stored in a dark room for 24 hours. Baseline color measurements based on International Commission on Illumination (CIE) L*a*b* parameters were recorded with a spectrophotometer. To evaluate the effects of water aging, specimens were immersed in a thermostatic water bath at 37°C for 28 days; water was replaced every 7 days. Following immersion, specimens were remeasured spectrophotometrically to assess color change. Color differences between baseline values and values obtained after the aging procedures were calculated for each specimen and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests. After 28 days of water aging, all specimens exhibited statistically significant (P < 0.001) overall color changes (ΔE*), underscoring a pronounced decline in color stability. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) in ΔE* was observed between the TPO and Ivocerin groups, with TPO presenting maximum preservation of color stability. No statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) was found between the TPO and CQ groups or the Ivocerin and CQ groups, suggesting somewhat comparable color stability in these groups. Despite color alterations across all materials, the TPO-based composite resin exhibited superior color stability when compared with the Ivocerin- and CQ-based resins in the study, suggesting that TPO may offer enhanced long-term esthetic durability in clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"67-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the endodontic sealer on the bond strength of glass fiber posts.","authors":"Rafael Coutinho Silva, Mariana de Almeida Barbosa, Bruna Michels, Julia Carelli, Katia Raquel Weber, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga, Flavia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the influence of 2 endodontic sealers on the bond strength between glass fiber posts and root canal dentin at different storage times (7 days or artificial aging), also considering the root canal region (cervical, middle, and apical). A total of 60 extracted single-rooted human teeth were divided randomly into 4 groups (n = 15) according to endodontic sealer (bioceramic sealer vs epoxy resin-based sealer) and storage time prior to cementation (7 days or artificial aging via thermocycling). Following root canal treatment and cementation of glass fiber posts, all groups were stored in distilled water for 7 days at 37°C. The bioceramic and epoxy resin sealer groups designated for artificial aging were then subjected to 10,000 thermocycles in a water bath alternating between 5°C and 55°C, with a dwell time of 30 seconds at each temperature. The roots were sectioned transversely, and a single slice (approximately 2 mm thick) per post/canal third was obtained and submitted to a push-out test in a universal testing machine at a speed of 5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using 3-way analysis of variance (α = 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the bond strength between the sealer groups (P = 0.619), regardless of the storage time (P = 0.933). Likewise, no significant differences were observed among the root canal thirds--cervical, middle, or apical (P = 0.665). In this in vitro study, none of the tested variables--type of sealer used (epoxy resin-based or bioceramic), storage time prior to cementation, or root canal third (cervical, middle, or apical)-- affected the bond strength of glass fiber posts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"51-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical implementation of caries disease management in the era of CAMBRA: a guide for the general dentist.","authors":"Douglas A Young, Ryan L Quock, Susie Goolsby, Martha McComas, Steven Powell, Gregory G Zeller, Allen Wong, Brian B Nový","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the philosophy of caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) is widely accepted as an essential part of comprehensive disease management, its implementation in daily clinical practice has historically been hindered by a lack of concise guidance that bridges the gap between scholarly research and the logistics of patient care. With the aim of guiding comprehensive disease management for dental caries by integrating available evidence-based systems such as the American Dental Association Caries Classification System (ADA CCS) and caries risk assessment (CRA), this review presents clinical strategies in a functional format. Clinical caries management strategies that integrate the ADA CCS with CRA were compiled and evaluated by clinicians representing a variety of practice settings. Examples of clinical protocols were selected to illustrate the use of CRA at the patient level and ADA CCS lesion classification at the tooth level to comprehensively manage caries lesions in a high-caries-risk population. Comprehensive caries management combines the clinical use of CRA and caries lesion classification to guide clinical decisions and to support tooth preservation in high-risk populations. These strategies should be individualized and fulfill evidence-based clinical practice criteria with oral health as the primary outcome. Person-centered comprehensive caries management integrating CRA and classification of caries lesions has the potential to improve patient outcomes by addressing the underlying causes of caries disease. Documenting and measuring the processes at the tooth, patient, and practice levels are essential for generating outcomes that will drive future approaches aimed at improving patient health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 6","pages":"56-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus after 6 years: a case report.","authors":"Patrícia Peres Iucif Pereira, Amanda Bandeira Almeida, João Adolfo Costa Hanneman, Eduardo Pereira Guimarães, Henrique Carvalho Petean, Daiana Moreira Mendes Rozendo, Alessandro Antônio Pereira","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic or recurrent autoimmune mucocutaneous inflammatory disease. The etiology is uncertain, and it is considered to originate from a multifactorial process. A diagnosis can be made clinically if the disease presents with classic patterns of oral or skin lesions; if these patterns are absent, a biopsy is necessary to establish a diagnosis. Although the World Health Organization has classified oral LP (OLP) as an oral potentially malignant disorder, there is controversy in the literature. Malignancy usually occurs around 60 years of age, with a slight predilection for women. The objective of this case report is to describe a possible occurrence of this process. A 53-year-old woman who sought treatment for oral lesions in 2018 was diagnosed with OLP with epithelial dysplasia and underwent standard treatment with a topical corticosteroid. After ceasing to attend follow-up examinations, the patient continued periodontal treatment with different providers. In 2024, she developed a lesion on the maxillary right alveolar ridge that led to tooth loss in the region. A biopsy was performed, and histopathologic evaluation of the specimen led to a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. There are several differential diagnoses for the clinical forms of OLP, in addition to the possibility of manifestation of concomitant pathoses, and the final diagnosis must reflect a combination of clinical and histopathologic examinations. Patients should be advised about the importance of returning for follow-up appointments, as malignant transformation of OLP may occur.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonodontogenic cysts and pseudocysts of the oral cavity: a retrospective study of 218 cases.","authors":"Saede Atarbashi-Moghadam, Nastaran Niknam, Seyed Sepehr Mirebeigi-Jamasbi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonodontogenic cysts and pseudocysts pose diagnostic challenges due to their similarity to other maxillofacial lesions in clinical and radiographic appearance. However, these lesions are studied less frequently than odontogenic lesions. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the frequencies and characteristics of nonodontogenic lesions in an Iranian population over a 20-year period. Archived records of 7036 patients referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran, were reviewed. Data on the age and sex of the patients and the type, clinical and radiographic features, and histopathologic diagnoses of the lesions were collected. Statistical analyses included Fisher exact, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square tests, and a value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Nonodontogenic cysts were found in 0.5% of all referred patients, while pseudocysts were identified in 2.6%. After a review of records, 218 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of oral pseudocysts or nonodontogenic cysts were included in a more detailed analysis. Mucocele was the most common lesion (63.8%), followed by simple bone cyst (13.8%) and nasopalatine duct cyst (11.9%). The mean (SD) age of these patients was 30.5 (15.7) years, and 53.7% of all the lesions occurred in men. Statistically significant relationships were observed between cyst type and sex (P = 0.001; Fisher exact test), age (P < 0.001; Kruskal-Wallis test), and location (P < 0.001; chi-square test). Most pseudocysts occurred on the lower lip, while nonodontogenic cysts and intraosseous pseudocysts were predominantly found in the maxilla and mandible, respectively. The results of this study highlight the varied demographics and clinical and radiographic presentations of nonodontogenic cysts and pseudocysts, emphasizing the need for thorough radiographic and histopathologic analyses to guide appropriate treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"36-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What every dentist needs to know about cannabis use and head and neck cancer.","authors":"John K Brooks, Muhammad Hamza, Maureen A Fitzpatrick, Nasir Bashirelahi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabis use is widespread, raising concerns about a myriad of health problems, notably regarding pulmonary disease and head and neck cancer (HNC). The objective of this review is to examine the association between cannabis exposure and HNC, including a discussion of epidemiologic findings and molecular mechanisms. A recent cohort study established that individuals with cannabis-related disorder have a significantly increased risk for HNC, including laryngeal, oral, nasal, sinus, and oropharyngeal cancers. Moreover, molecular studies suggest that cannabis smoke upregulates carcinogenetic pathways. Dental healthcare providers should inform their patients that heavy cannabis use may be associated with an increased risk of HNC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"25-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral health in relation to manifestations and severity of cystic fibrosis: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ana Carolina Evangelista Colafemina, Aline Christina Gonçalves, Cecília Regina Frazatto, Camila Real Delegá Rodrigues, Antônio Fernando Ribeiro, José Dirceu Ribeiro, Márcio Adjudarte Lopes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by defective ion transport in epithelial cells, leading to the development of viscous mucus and glandular duct obstruction. Individuals with CF often present with gingival inflammation, dental enamel defects (DEDs), caries, and reduced salivary flow. This cross-sectional study of 82 patients with CF investigated the population's oral health in relation to systemic CF manifestations. Clinical oral examinations and medical record analyses were conducted for the entire sample, and panoramic radiographs were obtained for 26 patients. Data on oral hygiene practices, DEDs, gingival inflammation (gingival index [GI] score), caries, malocclusion, breathing pattern, and systemic health parameters were collected. The sample included 44 female and 38 male patients with a mean age of 11.5 years (range 8 months to 26 years). DEDs, predominantly affecting the permanent maxillary anterior teeth, were observed in 47.6% of the patients. Gingival inflammation was noted in 57.3% of the patients, and patients with higher GI scores reported reduced brushing frequency, experienced longer hospitalizations, and were more likely to develop exacerbation of pulmonary symptoms. Dental caries affected 17.1% of the cohort. Panoramic radiographs revealed nasal septum deviation (46.2% of the cohort), sinus opacification (38.5%), and dental agenesis (19.2%), primarily involving the premolars and the maxillary lateral incisors. Oral or mixed breathing was identified in 41.5% of the sample, and malocclusions were present in 28.0%. Fifteen patients with advanced lung disease exhibited infrequent toothbrush replacement, high plaque index scores, and severe gingival inflammation. While the prevalence of caries was relatively low in this small sample, the proportions of CF patients exhibiting DEDs, gingival inflammation, and occlusal abnormalities were high, particularly among those with advanced systemic disease. These findings underscore the importance of integrating dental care into the multidisciplinary management of CF to address patients' specific oral health challenges and improve overall quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative evaluation of serum and salivary levels of apelin in chronic periodontitis associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Jammula Surya Prasanna, Duddukuri Hema","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis is an inflammatory destructive condition influenced by obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Apelin, a bioactive peptide, is linked to periodontitis, obesity, and T2DM. This study aimed to investigate apelin levels in individuals with periodontitis who are affected by obesity and T2DM. This cross-sectional observational study included 84 participants categorized into 3 main groups of 24 patients based on their periodontal status, body mass index (BMI), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c) levels. Group 1 comprised systemically healthy participants, group 2 comprised individuals with obesity (BMI of 30.0 to 39.0 kg/m2), and group 3 comprised individuals with both obesity and T2DM (HbA_1c of 6.5% to 8.5%). Each group was subcategorized based on the presence or absence of chronic periodontitis (CP), resulting in 6 subgroups with 14 participants each. The clinical parameters assessed included the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), BMI, and HbA_1c level. Apelin levels in serum and saliva were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and independent samples t test. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess relationships between different parameters. Within groups, individuals with CP had lower serum and salivary levels of apelin than those without CP, and the differences were statistically significant except in the case of salivary levels in patients with obesity (P < 0.05). Individuals with obesity, as well as those with both T2DM and obesity, had elevated levels of serum apelin compared with systemically healthy individuals. A significant negative correlation was observed between serum apelin and periodontal parameters (SBI, PD, and CAL) in specific subgroups. Apelin could be a valuable biomarker for evaluating periodontal disease affected by obesity and T2DM. However, further longitudinal research with a larger patient sample is needed. Trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry - India No. CTRI/2019/02/017522.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root migration after coronectomy of impacted mandibular third molars: case reports.","authors":"Gustavo Henrique Souza Silva, Enzo Balestrero, Jéssica Lemos Gulinelli, Pâmela Leticia Santos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronectomy is recommended for third molars that require extraction and are located near the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) or the mandibular base. The procedure is aimed at reducing the risk of complications, but root migration is among the possible sequelae of this surgical technique. This report describes 3 clinical cases of root migration after coronectomy of impacted mandibular third molars. All 3 cases involved women aged 21 to 31 years and followed the surgical principles recommended for the technique: local anesthesia, periodontal ligament detachment, pericoronal ostectomy, sectioning of the dental crown, and crown removal with complete elimination of enamel from the roots, which remain impacted below 3 mm of bone. The patients were followed up with clinical and imaging examinations for 1 year. Panoramic radiographs at 1 year revealed root migration of 3 to 5 mm. None of the patients opted for removal of the residual root fragments because they were not causing any pain. Root migration after coronectomy cannot be perceived as a failure of this relatively safe alternative to extracting mandibular third molars near the IAN because the root always moves away from the nerve and usually causes no additional symptoms. Secondary surgery to remove the residual root should only be performed if migration results in root exposure, pain, or infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"54-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}