General dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Malignant transformation of oral lichen planus after 6 years: a case report.","authors":"Patrícia Peres Iucif Pereira, Amanda Bandeira Almeida, João Adolfo Costa Hanneman, Eduardo Pereira Guimarães, Henrique Carvalho Petean, Daiana Moreira Mendes Rozendo, Alessandro Antônio Pereira","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic or recurrent autoimmune mucocutaneous inflammatory disease. The etiology is uncertain, and it is considered to originate from a multifactorial process. A diagnosis can be made clinically if the disease presents with classic patterns of oral or skin lesions; if these patterns are absent, a biopsy is necessary to establish a diagnosis. Although the World Health Organization has classified oral LP (OLP) as an oral potentially malignant disorder, there is controversy in the literature. Malignancy usually occurs around 60 years of age, with a slight predilection for women. The objective of this case report is to describe a possible occurrence of this process. A 53-year-old woman who sought treatment for oral lesions in 2018 was diagnosed with OLP with epithelial dysplasia and underwent standard treatment with a topical corticosteroid. After ceasing to attend follow-up examinations, the patient continued periodontal treatment with different providers. In 2024, she developed a lesion on the maxillary right alveolar ridge that led to tooth loss in the region. A biopsy was performed, and histopathologic evaluation of the specimen led to a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. There are several differential diagnoses for the clinical forms of OLP, in addition to the possibility of manifestation of concomitant pathoses, and the final diagnosis must reflect a combination of clinical and histopathologic examinations. Patients should be advised about the importance of returning for follow-up appointments, as malignant transformation of OLP may occur.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonodontogenic cysts and pseudocysts of the oral cavity: a retrospective study of 218 cases.","authors":"Saede Atarbashi-Moghadam, Nastaran Niknam, Seyed Sepehr Mirebeigi-Jamasbi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonodontogenic cysts and pseudocysts pose diagnostic challenges due to their similarity to other maxillofacial lesions in clinical and radiographic appearance. However, these lesions are studied less frequently than odontogenic lesions. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the frequencies and characteristics of nonodontogenic lesions in an Iranian population over a 20-year period. Archived records of 7036 patients referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran, were reviewed. Data on the age and sex of the patients and the type, clinical and radiographic features, and histopathologic diagnoses of the lesions were collected. Statistical analyses included Fisher exact, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square tests, and a value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Nonodontogenic cysts were found in 0.5% of all referred patients, while pseudocysts were identified in 2.6%. After a review of records, 218 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of oral pseudocysts or nonodontogenic cysts were included in a more detailed analysis. Mucocele was the most common lesion (63.8%), followed by simple bone cyst (13.8%) and nasopalatine duct cyst (11.9%). The mean (SD) age of these patients was 30.5 (15.7) years, and 53.7% of all the lesions occurred in men. Statistically significant relationships were observed between cyst type and sex (P = 0.001; Fisher exact test), age (P < 0.001; Kruskal-Wallis test), and location (P < 0.001; chi-square test). Most pseudocysts occurred on the lower lip, while nonodontogenic cysts and intraosseous pseudocysts were predominantly found in the maxilla and mandible, respectively. The results of this study highlight the varied demographics and clinical and radiographic presentations of nonodontogenic cysts and pseudocysts, emphasizing the need for thorough radiographic and histopathologic analyses to guide appropriate treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"36-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What every dentist needs to know about cannabis use and head and neck cancer.","authors":"John K Brooks, Muhammad Hamza, Maureen A Fitzpatrick, Nasir Bashirelahi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabis use is widespread, raising concerns about a myriad of health problems, notably regarding pulmonary disease and head and neck cancer (HNC). The objective of this review is to examine the association between cannabis exposure and HNC, including a discussion of epidemiologic findings and molecular mechanisms. A recent cohort study established that individuals with cannabis-related disorder have a significantly increased risk for HNC, including laryngeal, oral, nasal, sinus, and oropharyngeal cancers. Moreover, molecular studies suggest that cannabis smoke upregulates carcinogenetic pathways. Dental healthcare providers should inform their patients that heavy cannabis use may be associated with an increased risk of HNC.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"25-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral health in relation to manifestations and severity of cystic fibrosis: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ana Carolina Evangelista Colafemina, Aline Christina Gonçalves, Cecília Regina Frazatto, Camila Real Delegá Rodrigues, Antônio Fernando Ribeiro, José Dirceu Ribeiro, Márcio Adjudarte Lopes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by defective ion transport in epithelial cells, leading to the development of viscous mucus and glandular duct obstruction. Individuals with CF often present with gingival inflammation, dental enamel defects (DEDs), caries, and reduced salivary flow. This cross-sectional study of 82 patients with CF investigated the population's oral health in relation to systemic CF manifestations. Clinical oral examinations and medical record analyses were conducted for the entire sample, and panoramic radiographs were obtained for 26 patients. Data on oral hygiene practices, DEDs, gingival inflammation (gingival index [GI] score), caries, malocclusion, breathing pattern, and systemic health parameters were collected. The sample included 44 female and 38 male patients with a mean age of 11.5 years (range 8 months to 26 years). DEDs, predominantly affecting the permanent maxillary anterior teeth, were observed in 47.6% of the patients. Gingival inflammation was noted in 57.3% of the patients, and patients with higher GI scores reported reduced brushing frequency, experienced longer hospitalizations, and were more likely to develop exacerbation of pulmonary symptoms. Dental caries affected 17.1% of the cohort. Panoramic radiographs revealed nasal septum deviation (46.2% of the cohort), sinus opacification (38.5%), and dental agenesis (19.2%), primarily involving the premolars and the maxillary lateral incisors. Oral or mixed breathing was identified in 41.5% of the sample, and malocclusions were present in 28.0%. Fifteen patients with advanced lung disease exhibited infrequent toothbrush replacement, high plaque index scores, and severe gingival inflammation. While the prevalence of caries was relatively low in this small sample, the proportions of CF patients exhibiting DEDs, gingival inflammation, and occlusal abnormalities were high, particularly among those with advanced systemic disease. These findings underscore the importance of integrating dental care into the multidisciplinary management of CF to address patients' specific oral health challenges and improve overall quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative evaluation of serum and salivary levels of apelin in chronic periodontitis associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Jammula Surya Prasanna, Duddukuri Hema","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis is an inflammatory destructive condition influenced by obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Apelin, a bioactive peptide, is linked to periodontitis, obesity, and T2DM. This study aimed to investigate apelin levels in individuals with periodontitis who are affected by obesity and T2DM. This cross-sectional observational study included 84 participants categorized into 3 main groups of 24 patients based on their periodontal status, body mass index (BMI), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c) levels. Group 1 comprised systemically healthy participants, group 2 comprised individuals with obesity (BMI of 30.0 to 39.0 kg/m2), and group 3 comprised individuals with both obesity and T2DM (HbA_1c of 6.5% to 8.5%). Each group was subcategorized based on the presence or absence of chronic periodontitis (CP), resulting in 6 subgroups with 14 participants each. The clinical parameters assessed included the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), BMI, and HbA_1c level. Apelin levels in serum and saliva were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and independent samples t test. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess relationships between different parameters. Within groups, individuals with CP had lower serum and salivary levels of apelin than those without CP, and the differences were statistically significant except in the case of salivary levels in patients with obesity (P < 0.05). Individuals with obesity, as well as those with both T2DM and obesity, had elevated levels of serum apelin compared with systemically healthy individuals. A significant negative correlation was observed between serum apelin and periodontal parameters (SBI, PD, and CAL) in specific subgroups. Apelin could be a valuable biomarker for evaluating periodontal disease affected by obesity and T2DM. However, further longitudinal research with a larger patient sample is needed. Trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry - India No. CTRI/2019/02/017522.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of beverage solutions on the microhardness and surface roughness of provisional fixed denture materials.","authors":"Eduardo Comeron Pieralini, Renan Aparecido Fernandes, Henrico Badaoui Strazzi-Sahyon, Anelise Rodolfo Ferreira-Pieralini, Paulo Henrique Dos Santos, Sabrina Pavan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This in vitro study examined the influence of aging in different beverage solutions on the Knoop hardness and surface roughness of provisional fixed denture materials. A total of 160 resin blocks were created and divided into 4 groups (n = 40) based on the provisional material: Structur 2 SC bis-acrylic resin, Protemp 4 bis-acrylic resin, Z350 XT nanoparticle composite resin, or Acri Duralay acrylic resin. The material groups were subdivided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to the beverage solution used to simulate aging: distilled water (control), red wine, orange juice, or soda (Coca-Cola). After 24 hours, the specimens were polished, and the initial microhardness and surface roughness were measured using a microhardness tester and profilometer, respectively. The specimens were then submerged in different beverage solutions for 4 weeks, and microhardness and surface roughness measurements were taken again. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Fisher least significant difference test were performed (α = 0.05). The aging process with different beverage solutions resulted in significantly lower hardness values compared with baseline for both Z350 XT and Acri Duralay materials (P < 0.05); however, Z350 XT still demonstrated significantly higher hardness values than all other materials regardless of the aging condition (P < 0.05). In general, Protemp 4 and Z350 XT exhibited lower surface roughness values than Structur 2 SC and Acri Duralay regardless of the solution used (P < 0.05). Beverage solutions significantly influenced the mechanical properties of the materials, with Protemp 4 bis-acryl-based resin material demonstrating hardness and surface roughness values that were less affected by aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root migration after coronectomy of impacted mandibular third molars: case reports.","authors":"Gustavo Henrique Souza Silva, Enzo Balestrero, Jéssica Lemos Gulinelli, Pâmela Leticia Santos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronectomy is recommended for third molars that require extraction and are located near the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) or the mandibular base. The procedure is aimed at reducing the risk of complications, but root migration is among the possible sequelae of this surgical technique. This report describes 3 clinical cases of root migration after coronectomy of impacted mandibular third molars. All 3 cases involved women aged 21 to 31 years and followed the surgical principles recommended for the technique: local anesthesia, periodontal ligament detachment, pericoronal ostectomy, sectioning of the dental crown, and crown removal with complete elimination of enamel from the roots, which remain impacted below 3 mm of bone. The patients were followed up with clinical and imaging examinations for 1 year. Panoramic radiographs at 1 year revealed root migration of 3 to 5 mm. None of the patients opted for removal of the residual root fragments because they were not causing any pain. Root migration after coronectomy cannot be perceived as a failure of this relatively safe alternative to extracting mandibular third molars near the IAN because the root always moves away from the nerve and usually causes no additional symptoms. Secondary surgery to remove the residual root should only be performed if migration results in root exposure, pain, or infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"54-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management of lymphadenopathy in a patient with mucous membrane pemphigoid: a case report.","authors":"Heba Turkstani, Eman Alamodi, Eric T Stoopler, Mel Mupparapu, Temitope T Omolehinwa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBDs) can present concurrently with solid or hematologic malignancies. This concomitant finding is believed to be associated with paraneoplastic syndrome, and management typically requires a multidisciplinary approach. This case report describes diagnosis and treatment of a patient previously diagnosed with mucous membrane pemphigoid of the skin who was referred to an oral medicine clinic for evaluation of oral mucosal blisters and gingival bleeding of 8 months' duration. Routine head and neck examination revealed incidental findings of a unilateral large palatine tonsil and fixed submandibular lymph node. A biopsy of the right tonsil was performed, and immunohistochemical analyses revealed markers consistent with mantle cell lymphoma, which was later determined to be stage III. The patient was started on a regimen of acalabrutinib and rituximab. At the 3-month follow-up, the patient's skin and oral blisters had cleared, and she was completely asymptomatic. To ensure timely referral and better patient outcomes, careful attention should be paid to subtle cues that can lead to early detection of malignancies in persons with AIBDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"48-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of a Bis-GMA-free universal adhesive system on enamel bond strength to ceramic brackets.","authors":"Aline Júnia Oliveira, Victor Angelo Martins Montalli, Jurandir Antonio Barbosa, Roberta Tarkany Basting","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) of ceramic brackets bonded to enamel using a universal adhesive system free of bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA). A total of 100 bovine incisors were divided into 2 groups (n = 50) that received ceramic brackets (Morelli Ceramic or Ice Clear) bonded after acid etching and application of 1 of 5 adhesive systems (n = 10): Adper Single Bond 2, a conventional adhesive system (control group); Scotchbond Universal Plus, a Bis-GMA-free universal adhesive system; and Single Bond Universal, BeautiBond Xtreme, and BeautiOrtho Bond II, all Bis-GMA-containing universal adhesives. Shear bond strength was tested in a universal testing machine (50-kgf load cell; 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed), and the ARI was analyzed under ×20 magnification. Statistical analysis included a generalized linear model with Fisher exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Dunn test, and Mann-Whitney U test; the significance level was set at 5%. No statistically significant differences in shear bond strength were observed among the adhesive systems (P = 0.7821) or their interactions with bracket type (P = 0.5449). A significant difference was found when bracket types were compared (P < 0.0001), with the Morelli Ceramic bracket groups showing the highest bond strengths regardless of the adhesive system used. A significant association between adhesives and the Morelli Ceramic bracket was observed for the ARI score (P = 0.0018), with 100% of specimens in the Scotchbond Universal Plus adhesive group retaining more than half of the resin on the tooth. The Bis-GMA-free universal adhesive system achieved the highest percentage of adhesive retention on the tooth for both bracket types.</p>","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 5","pages":"42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tooth replacement from extraction to restoration. 2. Implant planning and placement.","authors":"Marcus Cowan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12571,"journal":{"name":"General dentistry","volume":"73 3","pages":"6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}