Frontiers in Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Case Report: Double trabecular metal cup without auxiliary screws for severe acetabular bone defects.","authors":"Ming Xia, Dongbo Li, Chunquan Zhu, Lihui Sun, Dongsong Li","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1655804","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1655804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acetabular reconstruction is often challenging in revision hip arthroplasty, especially in the face of moderate to severe acetabular bone deficiency. In some severe bone defects, double-metal tantalum cups can improve the contact area between bone and implants, increase the surface area for bone ingrowth, and better restore the anatomical position of the acetabulum. Furthermore, with a good press-fit, the auxiliary screw has a minimal effect on acetabular cup stability.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a case of a 63-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with loosening prosthesis after total hip arthroplasty and whose preoperative radiograph suggested a large bone defect in the acetabulum. Due to the large amount of purulent fluid found in the joint cavity during the first revision surgery, a decision was made to stage-1spacer placement followed by a second-stage revision. In the second-stage revision, we utilized a double-cup technique to fill the large acetabular bone defect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the revision total hip arthroplasty, if the acetabular bone defect is severe, a double-metal tantalum cup structure can be used to reconstruct the acetabular structure, restore the center of rotation of the hip joint. Under good press-fit conditions, the metal tantalum cup can obtain initial stability of sufficient strength even without screw fixation, and achieve secondary stability through bone growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1655804"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12412307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peri-lead edema in deep brain stimulation: common complication or rare challenge?","authors":"Martin Nevrly, Filip Blazek, David Krahulik, Pavel Otruba, Eva Cechakova, Ahmed Naser Mohamed Afifi, Petr Kanovsky","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1591985","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1591985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Peri-lead edema (PLE) is a commonly observed but often asymptomatic complication of deep brain stimulation (DBS). While usually transient and benign, severe cases of PLE can result in neurological symptoms, impacting patient outcomes. This case series explores the clinical course, management, and outcomes of symptomatic PLE in a series of five patients undergoing DBS.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the presentation and management strategies for symptomatic peri-lead edema identified in patients undergoing DBS for movement disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of 191 patients who underwent DBS at the University Hospital in Olomouc, Czech Republic, between 2008 and 2024 was conducted. Postoperative imaging and clinical follow-ups were used to identify and evaluate cases of symptomatic PLE. Patients who developed symptomatic PLE were treated with corticosteroids and monitored through imaging and neurological assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 191 patients, we identified 5 (2.6%) who developed symptomatic PLE characterized by cognitive decline, motor disturbances, and, in some cases, pseudocyst formation. Symptoms typically presented several weeks to months postoperatively. Management with corticosteroid therapy resulted in clinical improvement and resolution of edema in all cases. Following the resolution of PLE, DBS therapy was successfully re-initiated, achieving favorable therapeutic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Symptomatic PLE is a rare but clinically significant complication of DBS. Early detection and timely management with corticosteroids are critical for symptom resolution and successful continuation of DBS therapy. Vigilant postoperative monitoring and further research are essential to improve understanding and management of PLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1591985"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidentally detected renal leiomyosarcoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus: a case report with review of the literature.","authors":"Puze Wang, Jinze Li, Qian Liu, Dong Lv, Liangren Liu","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1640444","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1640444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Kidney cancer is the 14th most common cancer worldwide. On the basis of the histological characteristics of kidney cancers, most kidney cancers are renal cell carcinomas. Renal leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is extremely rare and malignant and accounts for less than 1% of all kidney cancer cases. Our study aims to gain deeper insight into the pathological characteristics and synthesized treatment of this uncommon type. Thus, we conducted a retrospective analysis of one patient who was diagnosed with renal leiomyosarcoma and underwent comprehensive treatment at the People's hospital of Deyang City.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1640444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sex hormones on postoperative outcomes in plastic surgery: a narrative review.","authors":"Xiong Lv, Chun Xiang, Yan Zheng, Xuling Lv, Wanxuan Zhou, Jiajun Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1587708","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1587708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since 1929, when scientists first identified estrogen in urine and coined the term \"sex hormones,\" these vital steroid hormones have been recognized for their critical role in tissue repair and wound healing. This is particularly evident in the postoperative recovery of plastic surgery patients. While the effects of sex hormones differ between males and females, their mechanisms in wound healing, angiogenesis, and collagen regulation have drawn significant attention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review synthesizes key literature from four databases including PubMed (up to 2024) focusing on the effects of sex hormones on healing after plastic surgery.Key terms such as \"sex hormones,\" \"tissue repair,\" and \"postoperative recovery\" were used. The analysis highlights the differential roles of estrogen and testosterone in skin healing, angiogenesis, and inflammatory responses. Additionally, it explores the effects of sex, age, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in transgender patients on surgical outcomes.The main target audience of this article is professional surgeons and endocrinologists, medical students and scientific researchers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Existing evidence suggests that estrogen enhances wound healing by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stimulating angiogenesis, and playing a pivotal role in collagen regulation. Testosterone may influence fibroblast proliferation and angiogenesis, although its effects vary by sex and age. Postmenopausal women exhibit diminished healing capacity due to decreased estrogen levels, whereas transgender patients undergoing HRT show improved postoperative recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sex hormones significantly influence postoperative recovery in plastic surgery. The distinct mechanisms of estrogen and testosterone in wound healing provide valuable insights for personalized medical approaches, optimizing surgical outcomes across diverse patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1587708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of high BMI colorectal cancer patients with natural orifice specimen extraction surgery: a propensity-score matching study.","authors":"Chenkai Zhang, Hao Zhang, Wenyang Li, Songtao Yu, Haonan Qi, Chunlin Wang, Ibatullin Artur, Guiyu Wang","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1624266","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1624266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) is widely used for colorectal cancer. However, there is limited study regarding the outcomes of patients with high BMI who undergo NOSES surgery for colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 251 patients (including 205 Non-High BMI and 46 High BMI patients) who underwent NOSES for colorectal cancer between January 2013 and December 2018. Outcomes related to surgery, anal function and long-term survisval were compared between the Non-High BMI and High BMI patients with the propensity-score matching (PSM) method. Age, gender, tumor location (sigmoid/rectum), preoperative CEA, CA199, T stage and N stage were considered as covariates for PSM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching, 44 patients in the Non-High BMI group and 44 patients in the High BMI group were eligible for analysis. No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of operative time, blood loss, time to first flatus, time to first diet, postoperative hospital stays, positive margin, postoperative complication, conversion to open surgery and pathological outcomes (all <i>P</i>-value > 0.05). Besides, there was no significant difference for anal function 6 months after surgery between the two groups (<i>P</i> = 0.723). The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for the Non-high BMI group were comparable to those for the High BMI group (<i>P</i> = 0.156 for OS, <i>P</i> = 0.266 for DFS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With careful preoperative evaluation, High-BMI patients can successfully undergo NOSES surgery and achieve favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1624266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study protocol: a randomized controlled clinical trial on the use of electroacupuncture for postoperative abdominal distension following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.","authors":"Qi Kong, Wei Wang, Xin-Yi Chen, Li-Ming Chen, Long-Kai Sun, Shao-Hua Qu, Wen-Tao Wu, Jia-Hua Yang, Yu Shu, Sen Li, Pei-Hao Yin, Wei Li","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1557431","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1557431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, global cholecyst-related disorders have been increasing daily. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is an advanced gallbladder surgical technique. However, pneumoperitoneum and various factors leading to abdominal distension and other gastrointestinal dysfunctions are common postoperative complications. Although postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction can be treated with Avimopan, this medication also has adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting. Acupuncture is one of the distinct treatment methods in TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), characterized by its simplicity, practicability, and minimal side effects. Previous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of acupuncture intervention for gastrointestinal functionality.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study is a randomized, single-blind, controlled pilot clinical trial. We divided the patients into two groups: Electroacupuncture (EA) meridian acupoint group and EA non-meridian non-acupoint group. During the study period, both groups will receive routine care and education with an anticipated total of 36 individuals in each group. Both groups of patients will be treated with electroacupuncture (EA) after surgery, and in the morning of the day following the operation, with each session lasting 30 min. Specifically, the EA meridian acupoint group had intervention at the bilateral Zusanli (ST36) and Neiguan (PC6) points, while the EA non-meridian non-acupoints group had selected acupoint interventions at about 1.5 cm from ST36 and PC6. We will use the VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) and abdominal distension grading to evaluate the degree of patients' postoperative abdominal distension 1-6 h and 24 h after surgery to obtain outcome assessments.</p><p><strong>Expected outcome: </strong>This study aims to scientifically and standardly evaluate the impact of EA in lessening post-LC abdominal distension through a clinical trial. We hope to get direct clinical evidence to demonstrate the role that EA can play in the ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) in patients post-LC. We hypothesise that the therapeutic effect of EA at meridian acupoints is superior to EA at non-meridian non-acupoint in the comprehensive intervention after LC.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2300073134.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1557431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of solitaire double-stent thrombectomy in the treatment of accessory middle cerebral artery occlusion: a case report.","authors":"Qi Han, Guang-Hui Dong, En-Bo Zhu, Ming-Quan Lin, Guang-Lin Liu, Guang-Lin Jin, Lin-Zhuo Qu, Hong-Jian Guan, Hui-Ying Che","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1499918","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1499918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accessory middle cerebral artery (AMCA) refers to the cerebral vascular variation originating from the anterior cerebral artery, passing through the lateral fissure and accompanying the middle cerebral artery (MCA), and participating in the blood supply area of the MCA. Relevant literature reports that the incidence of this variant vessel is 0.3%-2.7% (autopsy) and 0.26%-4.0% (cerebral angiography), respectively. This article reports a case of acute MCA occlusion with AMCA mutation. The occluded main MCA was successfully opened using a Solitaire double-stent thrombectomy to avoid mistaking AMCA for the main MCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1499918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of an emergency/planned cesarean section on the perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with placenta accreta spectrum and their neonates: a retrospective study cohort.","authors":"Duan Duan, Sumei Wei, Dongmei Tang, Shimao Zhang, Jinzhu Fu, Linbo Cheng, Mi Su, Wenyi Lin, Wen Xiong","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1603425","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1603425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is an obstetric condition. This study analyzes the outcomes of PAS parturients and their newborns undergoing emergency cesarean sections as opposed to planned cesarean sections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this research, we conduct a thorough retrospective analysis of 345 patients with placenta accreta at a single medical center. The patients were systematically categorized into two groups based on the type of surgical procedure: emergency cesarean sections and planned cesarean sections. A univariate analysis was performed to compare the outcomes associated with each approach. Furthermore, a logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors related to emergency surgeries. To further enhance our understanding, a multiple linear regression analysis was employed to determine the key factors influencing intraoperative bleeding. The selection of covariates for the regression analyses was carefully guided by previously reported influencing factors, as well as the significant differences highlighted in the univariate analysis. Missing data were addressed using multiple imputation based on chained equations to reduce potential bias and preserve analytical integrity. The study enrolled all women with PAS between August 2019 and February 2022. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Chengdu Women's and Children's Center Hospital (Ethics DOI: 201830). All participants provided written informed consent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The amount of bleeding and allogeneic blood transfusion in mothers in the emergency group was higher than that in the planned group. In the newborns in the emergency group, birth weight, length, and gestational age were lower than those in the planned group. The analysis found that the operation mode (<i>B</i> = 158.174, <i>P</i> = 0.043, 95% CI: 4.99-311.358) and the duration of operation (min) (<i>B</i> = 13.348, <i>P</i> < 0.001, 95% CI: 11.878-14.817) significantly affected the amount of intraoperative bleeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The perinatal outcomes and perinatal infant outcomes in the emergency group were worse than those in the planned group, as exemplified by a lower neonatal birth weight, shorter body length, smaller gestational age at birth, and higher incidence of severe neonatal asphyxia. An emergency cesarean section may increase the amount of bleeding during a cesarean section in patients with PAS. A multidisciplinary team managing such patients can achieve favorable outcomes.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>identifier (ChiCTR2100054068).</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1603425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristic analysis of 25 cases of hepatic portal venous gas.","authors":"Changhui Ji, Lihong Zhang, Zhirong Cheng, Zhilong Jiang, Tao Ji, Bo Ye","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1619587","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1619587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the clinical characteristics, etiological distribution, and treatment outcomes of Hepatic Portal Venous Gas (HPVG) in a cohort of elderly patients with multiple comorbidities, and to evaluate the impact of early surgical intervention on survival rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 25 patients with HPVG admitted to Taixing People's Hospital of Yangzhou University from January 2010 to June 2024. The study included demographic characteristics, symptoms, comorbidities, etiology, laboratory and abdominal CT results, treatment, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The male-to-female ratio was 2.6:1, with a median age of 62 years. Common symptoms included abdominal pain (88%), vomiting (44%), and septic shock (36%). Comorbidities included coronary heart disease (52%), type 2 diabetes (64%), and hypertension (76%). Leukocytosis was observed in 84% of patients. Abdominal CT scans revealed HPVG in all patients. Etiologies included intestinal ischemia/necrosis (56%), intestinal obstruction (24%), suspected intestinal perforation (12%), and intestinal inflammation (8%). Treatment involved emergency surgery combined with antibiotic therapy in 72% of patients and conservative management in 28%. Outcomes showed 60% effectiveness and 40% mortality. Among the surgical group, 12 patients recovered and 6 died; among the conservative group, 3 recovered and 4 died.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HPVG has complex etiologies, and abdominal CT is the recommended diagnostic method. Patients with acute abdomen should undergo surgery as soon as possible to improve prognosis, although some cases have poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1619587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a hybrid virtual-physical teaching model integrating mixed reality and 3D printing in clinical joint orthopedic education.","authors":"Honglin Wang, Aoshuang Xu, Wei Hua, Zhewei Ye, Lin Lu","doi":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1638619","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsurg.2025.1638619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The diagnosis and treatment of arthropathic orthopaedic conditions are inherently linked to anatomical structures, necessitating strong spatial visualization abilities in students. Providing intuitively accessible methods for students to master specialized knowledge presents a formidable challenge for educators. This study aims to evaluate the pedagogical value of integrating 3D-printed model with mixed reality (MR) technology in clinical orthopaedic surgery education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six senior clinical medical undergraduates were randomized into two groups. The experimental group underwent training using the combined 3D- printed model and mixed reality (MR) technology, while the control group received traditional instruction. Learning outcomes were evaluated through standardized Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) assessments and questionnaires. Correlation analysis was conducted between total OSCE scores and questionnaire scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental group achieved significantly higher OSCE scores compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Questionnaire analysis indicated that a majority of students in the experimental group perceived the integrated 3D printing and mixed reality (MR) teaching approach as innovative. They also reported significant improvements in anatomical comprehension, interest stimulation, teacher-student interaction, knowledge retention, learning efficiency, and practical skills (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, OSCE total scores demonstrated strong positive correlations with all questionnaire subdomains (<i>r</i> > 0.8, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The strongest correlation was observed between learning efficiency and OSCE total scores (<i>r</i> = 0.918).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrating 3D-printed model and MR technology into orthopedic joint surgery clinical teaching significantly boosts student performance, learning efficiency, and overall teaching quality, demonstrating strong potential for wider application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12564,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Surgery","volume":"12 ","pages":"1638619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12405172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}