Geofluids最新文献

{"title":"Prediction of the Location of Concealed Pluton on the Spatial Variation Characteristics of Volatile Matter in Coal Seams","authors":"Yihao Li,&nbsp;Jingui Zhao,&nbsp;Wensheng Li","doi":"10.1155/2024/9455853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9455853","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The lower the volatile value of coal, the higher the metamorphic degree of coal. As a vector, the spatial variation of the volatilization value of the coal seam be used to explore the location of concealed pluton and to characterize the maximum influence intensity of the magma thermal field. The eastern side of the Huyanshan intrusive pluton has amassed a large amount of C-P coal measurement and coal quality exploration data. The zonation distribution of coal seam volatile fraction data within the exploration area serves as an efficacious record of the intrusion process of the rock mass and a valuable resource for the exploration of the location of concealed plutons. Based on the data from 470 boreholes in the exploration area, contour maps of coal seams No. 02, No. 2, No. 6, No. 8, and No. 9; the true thickness contour maps of each coal layer; and the volatilizing profile map were created. The results indicate the following: (1) In the central region of the exploration area, from No. 9 to No. 8 to No. 6 to No. 2 to No. 02, the contours of volatiles in each coal seam exhibit a ring pattern, with the size of the ring and the size of the volatiles change regularly. This pattern strongly suggests that the concealed pluton is developed in the underlying layer of the coal seam. (2) According to the linear fitting of the relevant data, it is predicted that the concealed pluton is located at a depth of 65.4 m below the No. 9 coal seam. At a vertical distance of 159.1 m, the thermal field influence of the concealed pluton is lost, which aligns with the spatial distribution characteristics of volatiles in the coal seam as observed through drilling. (3) The occurrence of a significant interlayer slip between coal seam No. 6 and coal seam No. 2 in the overlying concealed pluton is indicated by the results of the hotspot migration analysis. The results are helpful to the search for magmatic-hydrothermal deposits and the exploration and development of coal and coalbed methane.</p>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/9455853","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Antifiltration Performance of Organic Zirconium Crosslinker for Guar Gum-Fracturing Fluid","authors":"Yirong Chen,&nbsp;Yufang Wang,&nbsp;Wei Wei,&nbsp;Jiahui He","doi":"10.1155/2024/1364778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1364778","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Aiming at the characteristics of low shear resistance and high filtration loss of guar gum-fracturing fluid, a high-efficiency organic zirconium crosslinker was prepared. In addition, the effects of different factors on the filtration coefficient and apparent viscosity of fracturing fluid were studied, and this study explores the micro mechanisms of various factors affecting the filtration coefficient from a molecular dynamics perspective. The results show that the antifiltration ability of guar gum-fracturing fluid is inversely proportional to the fluid viscosity. The increase of crosslinker content and reservoir pressure is beneficial to improve the viscosity and antishear ability of guar gum-fracturing fluid. When the crosslinker content is 0.25% and pressure is 30 MPa, the fracturing fluid parameters are 145 mPa·s and 2.1 × 10⁻² m³ · min^1/2, respectively, while the increase of reservoir temperature and the shear rate reduces the rheology and shear resistance of guar gum-fracturing fluid, so that the viscosity and filtration coefficient of fracturing fluid at 180°C and 200 s^-1 are 123 mPa·s and 2.3 × 10^-2 m³·min^1/2, respectively. This work not only paves a new avenue for synthesizing organic zirconium as a crosslinker but also provides an efficient measure to reduce the filtration of guar gum-fracturing fluid on the oil and gas reservoirs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/1364778","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Study on the Evolution of Fracture Aperture of Single-Fracture Granite during Liquid Nitrogen Cold Shock Cycling","authors":"Haiping Niu,&nbsp;Weidong Yu","doi":"10.1155/2024/4023295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4023295","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Fractures in hot dry rock (HDR) reservoirs are the locations where heating fluid flows exchange heat with the HDR matrix. Cold shock with liquid nitrogen is one method for stimulating cracks. This study investigates the evolution law of fracture aperture under cold shock with liquid nitrogen. The real-time high-temperature triaxial servo control rock testing machine was used to conduct permeability experiments to examine the fracture aperture of single-fracture granite during liquid nitrogen shock cycles at various temperatures. The effects of pore pressure, temperature, and shocking cycles on the fracture aperture are analyzed, and the difference in fracture aperture variation under liquid nitrogen cooling and natural cooling modes is compared. The results showed that (1) during liquid nitrogen cooling, the fracture aperture expands as pore pressure rises; the effect of pore pressure on the fracture aperture becomes more robust as the number of liquid nitrogen shocking cycles and initial temperature increases; (2) under 1-2 soaking cycles, fracture aperture decreases as the temperature rises. Under two or more soaking cycles, the fracture aperture first increases and then decreases with increasing temperature; (3) when the initial temperature of fractured granite is 100°C, the fracture aperture is not significantly changed by repeated cold soaking cycles. However, with a higher initial temperature, the fracture aperture develops with more liquid nitrogen cold soaking cycles. The liquid nitrogen cooling method is more conducive to increasing the fracture aperture than natural cooling. The experimental results can provide primary experimental data for future research into controlling the evolution of granite cracks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/4023295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141298850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multistage Gold-Polymetallic Mineralization in the Bou Azzer District, Anti-Atlas, Morocco: Insights from Ore Microscopic, Geochemical, and Fluid Inclusion Studies","authors":"Amina Wafik,&nbsp;Basem Zoheir,&nbsp;Fouad Benchekroun,&nbsp;Rachid Benaouda,&nbsp;Mohamed Ben Massoude,&nbsp;Youssef Atif,&nbsp;Amin Beiranvand Pour,&nbsp;Shojaeddin Niroomand,&nbsp;Amal El Arbaoui,&nbsp;Abdelhak Karfal,&nbsp;Lhou Maacha","doi":"10.1155/2024/5579902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5579902","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The Bou Azzer polymetallic Co-Ni-As±Au±Ag veins in the Central Anti-Atlas (Morocco) are significant sulfide ores hosted by Neoproterozoic ophiolites and are associated with felsic intrusive and subvolcanic phases. We report new mineralogical and fluid inclusion data to better understand mineralization’s formation processes and fluid evolution which are analyzed and merged with the existing published data. Gold-bearing sulfide-arsenide-quartz (±carbonate) veins in Bou Azzer exhibit mineralogical and fluid inclusion features similar to the epithermal and porphyry-style gold deposits. Modeling of widespread primary and pseudosecondary saline aqueous inclusions in the mineralized quartz veins suggests that circulating metalliferous brines, with estimated temperatures of ~275°C and pressures &lt; 550 bars and salinity &lt; 40<i>%</i>, precipitated sulfides in the veins. Gold was most likely transported as bisulfide complexes, and ore deposition was controlled by fluctuations in oxygen fugacity (<i>ƒ</i>O₂) upon fluid cooling. The systematic decrease in temperatures and salinities from an early prearsenide stage to a late paragenetic arsenide and sulfide stage was likely linked with extensive mixing with meteoric waters in a shallow hydrothermal environment. Available sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen stable isotope data for the Bou Azzer sulfide-arsenide-quartz veins indicate variable fluid sources, primarily magmatic and metamorphic fluids. The wide range of the estimated mineralization ages (from 680 Ma to 210 Ma) and the spatial association with major shear zones and felsic intrusive stocks imply a significant role of the regional tectonic activities or reflect complex and superimposed mineralization episodes, corresponding to orogenic events spanned the Pan-African cycle to the Atlasic orogenesis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5579902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141264631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Diffusion Law of Fluidized Filling Gangue Slurry in Goaf of Coal Mine Underground","authors":"Baoning Wei,&nbsp;Qingxiang Huang,&nbsp;Dengdeng Zhuang,&nbsp;Xin Cao,&nbsp;Bo Hui,&nbsp;Xiao Zuo,&nbsp;Mengbo Zhu","doi":"10.1155/2024/9925765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9925765","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>In response to the challenge posed by the limited capacity of postmining paste and original waste filling mining technology for small-scale waste rock treatment, which is incompatible with the requirements of modern high-yield mines producing millions of tons, fluidized filling mining technology in goaf presents a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution. This innovative method effectively addresses the balance between mining and filling operations while enabling large-scale waste rock management in coal mines. This article presents a model for predicting the spatial morphology of goaf and employs theoretical calculations to determine the residual space left after goaf caving. It unveils the fluidization filling approach for goaf caving, utilizing a “high- and low-level collaborative filling” strategy and taking advantage of various types of residual spaces within cavities and voids. Experimental investigations into gangue slurry diffusion in the goaf reveal insights into its diffusion patterns along three directions: horizontal, inclined, and vertical. The analysis also establishes correlations between porosity, space utilization rate, and the Talbol index. Furthermore, the research identifies the flow characteristics of fluidized filling slurry as consistent with the Bingham fluid behavior. A calculation formula for determining the diffusion radius of the filling slurry within cracks is provided. The study highlights four distinct flow stages in the process: stable laminar diffusion, transition from advection to turbulence, turbulence, and stoppage. To validate these findings, COMSOL simulation software is employed to simulate and analyze the diffusion patterns of gangue slurry within the goaf. The research outcomes offer valuable theoretical insights into the postgangue fluidization goaf filling technology and serve as a technical reference for the design of coal-based solid waste fluidization filling processes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/9925765","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141264632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine Characterization of Nonmain Oil Layer Distributions in Complex Fault Block Oilfield and Its Development Model","authors":"Lei Xu,&nbsp;Xiutian Yao,&nbsp;Sen Yan,&nbsp;Zhang Wen,&nbsp;Jimei Xue","doi":"10.1155/2024/2183265","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/2183265","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Improving the oil production from nonmain oil layers is crucial for the complex fault block oilfields during the late stage of high water cut development to ensure stable production and capacity expansion. However, the developing characterization of the nonmain layers and their remaining oil distribution is still inadequate. Developing an efficient mode of development remains a challenge. This paper presents a detailed characterization of the sedimentary microfacies and architecture of a nonmain reservoir based on core and logging data analysis. A flexible injection-production development strategy model was designed and applied in the Hetan oilfield, located in the southeast of Zhanhua Depression of Bohai Bay Basin as an example. The results show that the nonmain oil layer of the Hetan oilfield is composed of estuary bar microfacies sand bodies. Deposits of various shapes are formed on the side or in front of the main body of the estuary dam, which constitutes the nonmain oil reservoir. The lithology is fine, the sand body thickness is small, and the plane heterogeneity is strong. The distribution is banded, potato-shaped, and fragmented. The nonmain oil layer has a small oil-bearing area of 0.1-1.0 km² and a high oil saturation of over 58%. The Hetan oilfield has a significant amount of remaining oil enrichment and considerable potential for production digging. To optimize production, a flexible injection and production adjustment scheme is proposed, which includes designing multitarget horizontal wells and utilizing various methods such as optimizing well spacing, coupled injection, and cycle injection. Field tests conducted in the area have shown an increase in the recovery factor of nonmain oil layers from 16.7% to 28.5%. This indicates that identifying and characterizing nonmain oil layers through detailed analysis of sedimentary microfacies and reservoir architecture is useful in the late-stage development of complex fault block reservoirs to maintain sustainable and efficient oilfield development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/2183265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Support and Relief Parameters for Deep-Buried Metal Mine Roadways","authors":"MingWei Jiang,&nbsp;YuYun Fan,&nbsp;WeiWei Su,&nbsp;Jincheng Wang,&nbsp;Ming Lan,&nbsp;Qibin Lin","doi":"10.1155/2024/8816030","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8816030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The management of rock mass deformation in high-stress roadways is a pivotal aspect of deep geotechnical engineering. Given the fruitful outcomes of research in rock mechanics regarding traditional confining pressure control methods, scholars have increasingly turned their attention to exploring pressure-relieving techniques, including borehole pressure relief and blasting pressure relief. However, there is limited research on pressure relief methods for deep-buried hard rock tunnels. This article commences with an overview of pressure relief in the roadway and conducts a detailed study on the parameters and methods of pressure relief in the roadway. To address safety and mining efficiency challenges, such as severe deformation leading to support failures, this study conducted a parameter analysis using the Sanshandao Gold Mine as a case study. Based on existing support methods, a strategy for arranging pressure relief roadways at varying distances from the main roadway is proposed, significantly enhancing the stress environment there. Numerical simulation software was employed to model two scenarios: (1) excavating the pressure relief roadway, main roadway, and maintenance roadway simultaneously and (2) first excavating the pressure relief roadway, followed by the main roadway and the maintenance roadway simultaneously. Simulation results indicated that the first pressure relief approach outperforms the second. The optimal position for both pressure relief roadways is 15 m from the main roadway, resulting in maximum deformation of the main roadway within 100 mm. These findings align with on-site stress monitoring data and satisfy safety production criteria. The research offers a theoretical foundation for similar pressure relief techniques in deeply buried, high-stress roadways.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8816030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Influence of Gas Flaring: Perspective from the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria","authors":"Kingsley Eghonghon Ukhurebor,&nbsp;Uyiosa Osagie Aigbe,&nbsp;Robert Birundu Onyancha,&nbsp;Hussain Athar,&nbsp;Benedict Okundaye,&nbsp;Paul Atagamen Aidonojie,&nbsp;Benita Ebindu Siloko,&nbsp;Ismail Hossain,&nbsp;Heri Septya Kusuma,&nbsp;Handoko Darmokoesoemo","doi":"10.1155/2024/1321022","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1321022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Gas flaring (GasF) is an important aspect of the combustion mechanisms in the burning of related, undesirable, or surplus fluids (gases in particular) that are released during the ordinary or unexpected overpressuring process in several industrial activities, specifically in the petroleum resource (PTR) industries. It is also one of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions which cause climate change (CMC). In addition to the generation of noise and heat, it makes substantial adjacent areas uninhabitable and, hence, causes detrimental consequences to the entire ecosystem as well as waste energy and results in economic losses. Reducing GasF is a critical issue due to its ensuing complications; consequently, there is a tenacious need to measure GasF via the study of its composition, distribution, and capacity, as well as the utilization of appropriate GasF recovery/removal procedures. The present review study will, thus, attempt to assess the impacts of GasF on the environment vis-à-vis the possible nexus between GasF/CMC using the perspective of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria which is rich in PTR, with relevant information drawn from existing publications. The roles of government, policymakers, and relevant stakeholders as well as suggestions and recommendations that will assist in the extenuation approaches and technologies of the influence of GasF on the environment are also discussed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/1321022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141061114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways and Environmental Impacts of Methane Migration: Case Studies in the Marcellus Shale, USA","authors":"Patrick A. Hammond,&nbsp;Tao Wen,&nbsp;Josh Woda,&nbsp;David Oakley","doi":"10.1155/2024/9290873","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9290873","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gas migration incidents, particularly stream contamination cases, have been rarely investigated and gone through the peer review process, with the exception of three sites in northeast Pennsylvania (Dimock and two Sugar Runs in Lycoming and Bradford counties, respectively) where air emission surveys, dissolved methane measurements, and structural (hydro)geologic interpretations have been used to demonstrate potential environmental impacts due to shale gas operations. In addition to reviewing previously published work from these three sites, we report and analyze unpublished new data trying to determine if a direct relationship between methane migration, stream contamination, and air emissions exists at those sites. Our analysis indicates that subsurface methane migration, stream methane contamination, and air emissions might not be all present or detectable at a faulty/leaky shale gas well. Which of these signs of contamination, if any, exist is largely controlled by the local (hydro)geologic conditions. In each case, the most likely migration pathway was from gas charged zones up well annular spaces to confined permeable formations, then laterally to a direct discharge or by vertically controlled joints to streams, water wells, and the atmosphere. The confining units act as barriers to the buoyant movement of stray gases, allowing subsurface travel of gas for 1–4 km from a leaky gas well. The knowledge we learn from these three sites can guide the future investigations of methane contamination cases in other regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140936852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creep Energy Evolution of Red-Bed Soft Rocks in South China under Chemical-Stress-Seepage Coupling","authors":"Shuguang Zhang,&nbsp;Fanyao Peng,&nbsp;Yingbo Li,&nbsp;Zhifeng Liu,&nbsp;Wenbo Liu","doi":"10.1155/2024/1113144","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1113144","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The red-bed soft rocks in South China have obvious creep characteristics and are prone to engineering geological disasters such as landslide and foundation settlement under the action of rainfall, groundwater, and load. In order to reveal its creep characteristics and mechanism under complex conditions, a step-loading creep test was carried out under chemical-stress-seepage coupling, and the energy evolution law of the whole creep process was analyzed based on linear energy storage and energy dissipation theory. The results also show that the acid chemical solution has the greatest influence on the triaxial strength and creep strength, and the creep damage and energy evolution of red-bed soft rock are universal. The creep damage and total strain increase with the increase of acidity, the decrease of confining pressure, and the increase of seepage pressure. The evolution law of creep damage shows the characteristics of slow-acceleration-rapid growth, and with the increase of load level, it has obvious transfer and accumulation. After entering the constant velocity creep stage, the damage rate begins to accelerate. The proportion of instantaneous strain and creep strain in the total strain increment is about 50%, and confining pressure has little influence on their respective proportions. The instantaneous strain is more sensitive to the acidity of the chemical solution, and the proportion of creep strain increases gradually with the increase of seepage pressure. The relationship between elastic energy density and total energy density is linear. The elastic energy density and dissipated energy density in the loading stage and creep stage all increase nonlinearly with loading time. The density of dissipated energy in the creep phase is lower than that in the loading phase, but the opposite is true in the higher stress phase, and the law of energy dissipation can explain the hardening damage effect in the creep process of soft rock samples. The research results provide a new perspective for us to reveal the mechanical properties and failure mechanism of red-bed soft rocks and provide an important theoretical basis for predicting and evaluating the creep instability and long-term stability of such rocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12512,"journal":{"name":"Geofluids","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140810619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}