Geoderma最新文献

{"title":"Contrasting soil temperature regimes in peatlands of the discontinuous permafrost zone (Western Siberia)","authors":"Tatiana V. Raudina ,&nbsp;Sergey V. Loiko ,&nbsp;Georgyi I. Istigechev ,&nbsp;Sergey P. Kulizhskiy ,&nbsp;Laurent Orgogozo ,&nbsp;Oleg S. Pokrovsky","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon cycling in permafrost peatlands is strongly influenced by both hydrology and temperature and is closely linked to microtopography. In this study, we assessed soil temperature regimes in the sporadic permafrost zone of Western Siberia, one of the most climate-sensitive regions currently undergoing dramatic changes. Based on topographic mapping, photogrammetry, soil, vegetation and thermometric observations, we related the soil thermal regimes of the dominant peatland’s landforms to snow cover, water pathways, peat thickness and ground vegetation. In flat-mound peatland complex, thick peat deposits and convex forms (local elevations) induced a small accumulation of snow in winter, which led to coldest temperatures on the peat plateaus. The peat plateau soils with a thin peat layer and similar lichen-shrub vegetation had three time thicker active layer. Soils in adjacent sedge-Sphagnum fens remained noticeably cooler in summer but warmer in winter due to the insulating effect of thick snow cover. In contrast, soils in drained basins of thermokarst lakes froze to a shallower depth due to the absence of peat and the efficient insulation provided by thick snow retained on tall sedges. Overall, even within a small peatland complex in Western Siberia, soil temperature regimes can vary significantly over just a few hundred meters, resembling differences typically observed across distinct climatic zones. With ongoing climate warming, the active layer thickness is expected to increase, leading to a greater accumulation of suprapermafrost water, with maximum expansion occurring in the peripheral zones of the peatland.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117294"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchrotron-based 3D X-ray computed tomography reveals root system architecture: Plastic responses to phosphorus placement","authors":"Frederik J.T. van der Bom ,&nbsp;Philipp D. Lösel ,&nbsp;Andrew M. Kingston ,&nbsp;Zhe H. Weng ,&nbsp;Nelly S. Raymond ,&nbsp;Anton Maksimenko ,&nbsp;Daniel Hausermann ,&nbsp;Michael J. Bell ,&nbsp;Casey L. Doolette ,&nbsp;Enzo Lombi ,&nbsp;Peter M. Kopittke","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We used synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography (SRXCT) to visualize root distribution in soil cores. X-ray CT is emerging as a leading technique to study plant roots, but SRXCT offers potential advantages compared with conventional X-ray sources, including producing X-rays of higher intensity that are collimated, monochromatic and tuneable; delivering high-resolution data whilst avoiding issues such as beam-hardening and source divergence. We demonstrate the suitability of SRXCT for observing the root system of wheat plants growing in two soils (Calcisol and Ultisol) in response to placement of different phosphorus fertilisers. To optimize scanning quality, we tested the use of an inverse ‘mask’ in front of the soil cores to achieve a more uniform attenuation along the sample, thereby avoiding saturation of the detector along the thinnest parts of the soil cores. Secondly, we developed a deep learning approach for segmentation and quantification of root length and diameter. Our results demonstrate the use of SRXCT as a tool for studying root system architecture in soil at high spatial resolution. The SRXCT method marks a new stride towards advancing our understanding of root structures in unprecedented detail, opening further avenues for exploring plant-soil interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117299"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four years of climate warming facilitates an increase in fungal necromass in coastal wetland soils","authors":"Jine Wei ,&nbsp;Chao Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongliang Ma ,&nbsp;Yanling Zheng ,&nbsp;Fenfen Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Li ,&nbsp;Xia Liang ,&nbsp;Hongpo Dong ,&nbsp;Min Liu ,&nbsp;Lijun Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial necromass is a vital component of soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and substantially influences soil carbon cycling. The responses of microbial necromass carbon (MNC) in coastal wetland soils to global climate warming and the factors influencing these responses, however, remain largely unclear. In the present study, a 4-year field warming experiment (+1.5 °C) was conducted with open-top chambers to reveal the response of MNC in coastal wetland soils to climate warming. The results showed differences in responses between fungal and bacterial necromass carbon (FNC and BNC) to climate warming in the soil depth of 0–50 cm. FNC content substantially increased by 17.2 % in the warmed soils as compared to that in the control soils (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas the content of BNC was not significantly different between the warmed and control soils (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). These responses of MNC to 4-year climate warming were consistent irrespective of soil depth. The accumulation of MNC under climate warming conditions may result from a plentiful substrate availability and an alteration from nitrogen to phosphorus nutrient utilization by microorganisms, rather than changes in microbial community composition. Collectively, this study uncovers the feedback mechanism of MNC to climate warming in coastal wetlands, and emphasizes an accumulation of MNC in the blue carbon pool of coastal wetland ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117296"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The soil structural stability determined by the QuantiSlakeTest: Linkage with soil porosity, water-stable aggregate fractions and soil chemical properties","authors":"Toon van Dael,&nbsp;Quinten Verwerft,&nbsp;Erik Smolders","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, the QuantiSlakeTest (QST) was developed which records mass loss or gain of intact soil samples during submergence, but it is yet unclear how slaking relates quantitatively to soil structure. This study was set up to determine if the QST can be a quick and cost-effective alternative to established structure tests and can be linked to soil porosity, determined by the soil water retention curve, or to the water-stable aggregate (WSA, &gt;250 µm) fraction obtained by wet sieving. This was performed in a comparative study with 22 soils collected in arable and pasture land with contrasting properties. The mass loss due to aggregate breakdown in the QST was smaller as soil organic carbon (SOC) content increased (r = 0.59), while SOC correlated weaker with the WSA fraction (r = 0.45) or with relative meso + macroporosity (&gt; 30 µm; r = 0.53). The WSA correlated strongly to oxalate extractable Fe (Fe_ox) in the soil (r = 0.63), conforming to earlier studies, but no such trend was found for Quantislake parameters, indicating that the QST captures a different aspect of soil structure than the wet sieving. The mass loss in the Quantislake decreased with increasing relative meso + macroporosity (r = 0.68), suggesting that soil resistance to aggregate breakdown is higher in soils with a large fraction of large pores than in soils with smaller average pore sizes. In a subset of 10 soils, root mass within each Kopecky ring was recorded. It showed that the QST and relative microporosity strongly correlated with the root mass in the sample (r = 0.77 and 0.71, respectively), showing the importance of roots on soil structure. The Quantislake parameters have a much larger variability among sampling replicates (CV = 75–––100 %) than the parameters of the two other methods. However, the Quantislake parameters differed much more among soils, leading to similar statistical power as wet sieving and the water retention curves. It is concluded that the QST is a useful additional index of soil structure in undisturbed soils. It even outperforms the wet sieving method to indicate mesoporosity and is thus better suited for studying, e.g., preferential flow.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117281"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping potential water repellency of Danish topsoil","authors":"Lucas Carvalho Gomes ,&nbsp;Peter Lystbæk Weber ,&nbsp;Cecilie Hermansen ,&nbsp;Anne-Cathrine Storgaard Danielsen ,&nbsp;Sebastian Gutierrez ,&nbsp;Deividas Mikstas ,&nbsp;Charles Pesch ,&nbsp;Mogens Humlekrog Greve ,&nbsp;Per Moldrup ,&nbsp;David A. Robinson ,&nbsp;Lis Wollesen de Jonge","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil water repellency (SWR) is a natural process and affects water dynamics from nano to ecosystem scales. However, the spatial distribution of SWR at the ecosystem scale, as well as the underlying drivers across diverse habitats, land uses and soil textures, remain underexplored. This study presents a comprehensive survey of SWR in Denmark and its predicted spatial distribution, using approximately 7,500 samples. We used digital soil mapping methods (Quantile Random Forest model) to map and identify the relationship between SWR and various environmental variables, including vegetation (via satellite imagery), soil properties (texture and soil organic carbon), and landforms (slope and wetness index). The predicted maps at 10 m resolution revealed that SWR varies across different land uses and vegetation types, with higher values in areas of natural vegetation (e.g., heathlands and coniferous forests) compared to grasslands and croplands (mostly hydrophilic). The analysis also identified soil organic carbon, Sentinel band 3 (Green band − Chlorophyll absorption) and soil texture as key drivers of spatial variation in SWR at the national extent. We found that soil texture influences SWR intensity, which generally decreases as clay content increases across most land use types, except for heathlands. While the predicted maps provided valuable insights into SWR distribution and its environmental drivers, further research is needed to explore the spatio-temporal dynamics of SWR within each habitat, particularly in relation to soil moisture changes. This study highlights the potential of combining machine learning and remote sensing to provide crucial spatial information for managing water resources and enhancing ecosystem resilience in the face of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117280"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristic, relationship and impact of thermokarst lakes and retrogressive thaw slumps over the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau","authors":"Wenwen Li ,&nbsp;Denghua Yan ,&nbsp;Yu Lou ,&nbsp;Baisha Weng ,&nbsp;Lin Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuequn Lai ,&nbsp;Yunzhe Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermokarst lakes (TLs) and retrogressive thaw slumps (RTSs) are common thermokarst landscapes that play a crucial role in regulating hydrology, ecology, and biogeochemical elements in permafrost regions. However, how TLs, as water accumulation units, affect regional water imbalances remains unclear, and whether the slow movement of shallow soil material from RTSs disrupts ecosystem barriers is still unknown. Additionally, it is uncertain whether the expansion of TLs is influenced by RTS-induced disruptions to surface water flow paths. In this study, we integrated previous research, field surveys, and remote sensing imagery to determine the evolution patterns, spatial extent, and interactions between 39,766 TLs and 1,680 RTSs on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). We further employed the eXtreme gradient boosting algorithm and ICESat-2 ATL08 laser altimetry data to quantify changes in water storage due to TLs. The results revealed that TLs and RTS followed different evolutionary trajectories from 2000 to 2020. Overlapping impact areas were observed only in the headwaters of the Changjiang River, where 22 TLs and 21 RTSs co-occurred, indicating that TL formation is mainlyunaffected by RTSs. Additionally, 98% of RTS patches showed increasing NDVI trends after losing their mattic layer, demonstrating that RTSs do not impose irreversible suppression on vegetation growth. This study also comprehensively quantified how TLs contribute to regional water imbalances across regional, sub-basin, and patch scales. Summarizing and identifying the links between TLs and RTSs at a large scale can provide valuable insights into the feedback mechanisms between ecological hydrological processes and climate warming in permafrost regions, offering a reference for similar studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117293"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytate efficiency as a phosphorus source for wheat varies with soil properties","authors":"Ana Mª García-López,&nbsp;Ramiro Recena,&nbsp;José M. Quintero,&nbsp;Antonio Delgado","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Phytate, the most abundant organic P compound in soils, cannot be used as a P source by plants without first being hydrolyzed. However, the effect of soil properties on its effect as a P source to plants is not yet well understood. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of phytate as a P source for plants depending on soil properties.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eight soils ranging widely in properties were selected and used in an incubation experiment for 100 days with phytate or soluble inorganic P, both at the same rate of 27 and 80 mg P kg⁻¹; after this incubation period, wheat was grown on these soils.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Phytate was as efficient as inorganic P in increasing Olsen P after incubation. This efficiency (i.e. increase in Olsen P to applied P ratio) of phytate decreased with increasing clay and poorly crystalline Fe oxides content in soils. Phytate increased P uptake by plants relative to the non-fertilized control. Phosphorus uptake from phytate and its equivalence with soluble inorganic fertilizer in terms of crop P uptake (MFRV) varied between soils and decreased with increasing clay content. Thus, soil components involved in the sorption of phytate contribute to a decrease in its efficiency as a P source for plants. Phosphorus uptake from phytate and its MFRV increased with increasing phytase activity and Gram + to Gram − bacteria ratios. Thus, the hydrolytic activity and the composition of bacterial communities of soils affects its use as a P source by plants. Therefore, phytate present in organic residues and soils can be a source of P for wheat, whose availability to plants depends on physico-chemical, biochemical, and biological soil properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117291"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations on measurement frequency of electromagnetic sensors for soil water content determination","authors":"Wenyi Sheng ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Ni ,&nbsp;Juan D. González-Teruel ,&nbsp;Jinghui Xu ,&nbsp;Scott B. Jones ,&nbsp;David A. Robinson","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic (EM) sensors are widely used to measure soil water content for different applications. The dielectric response of soil over the operational frequency of EM sensors in the megahertz to gigahertz range can be affected by a number of factors other than soil water content. It is therefore beneficial to examine the measurement frequency of sensors, for better understanding the sensor output (i.e., permittivity or circuit response), as well as its impact on water content determination. Previous investigations differed in measurement equipment, tested frequencies, and soil variables and hence found inconsistent conclusions regarding various EM sensors. In this paper, we try to provide comprehensive considerations on measurement frequency for EM sensing of soil water content, which could clarify sensor performance, selecting appropriate sensors, and designing new sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117292"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil structural indicators as predictors of biological activity under various soil management practices","authors":"Frederic Leuther ,&nbsp;Dorte Fischer ,&nbsp;Naoise Nunan ,&nbsp;Katharina H.E. Meurer ,&nbsp;Anke M. Herrmann","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil structure is a key feature in controlling the turnover of organic matter in soils. The spatial arrangement of solids and pores in agricultural topsoil can be actively influenced by management practices, such as tillage and cropping systems, which in turn can affect the resident microbial communities and their activities. However, carbon mineralisation and microbial activity are usually measured in sieved samples, which provides information on gross potentials under optimal conditions. Under these conditions, the spatial heterogeneities that are specific to different management practices are reduced or totally removed. In this study, we combined X-ray computer tomography (X-ray CT) and isothermal calorimetry to investigate the effect of soil structure on heat dissipation, as an indicator of biological activity. Samples were collected from the topsoil of a long-term field experiment (12 years) that included four different land uses: conventional <em>vs.</em> reduced tillage, each with either maize or winter wheat as the main crop in the rotation. We compared the response of undisturbed soil cores (3 cm in height, 2.7 cm in diameter) to the addition of water and glucose in specific pore sizes, ranging in radii of 15 to 75 µm or 3 to 75 µm. The pore structure and indicators of particulate organic material were quantified using X-ray CT with a voxel resolution of 15 µm. This allowed us to distinguish between the effects of crop rotation and tillage regime on biological activity, soil structure and the feedback between the two. Heat dissipation correlated significantly with X-ray CT derived porosity, pore surface density and soil matrix grey value, all of which were affected by both tillage regime and crop rotation. Heat dissipation in maize plots after glucose addition to the pore size range with radii of 3 to 75 µm was greater than in the winter wheat systems, but not when added to the pore size range with radii of 15 to 75 µm. The study showed that structural indicators can explain up to 81 % and 95 % of the variance in total heat dissipation after glucose and water addition, respectively, but only 60 % of the heat dynamics, here defined as the time taken for 50 % of total heat to be dissipated. The results emphasise the importance of soil structure in regulating microbial decomposition of soil organic matter and warrants further investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117290"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption/desorption processes dominate the soil P fractions dynamic under long-term N/P addition in a subtropical forest","authors":"Cheng Peng ,&nbsp;Senhao Wang ,&nbsp;Yijing Zhu ,&nbsp;Andi Li ,&nbsp;Guangcan Yu ,&nbsp;Qinggong Mao ,&nbsp;Mianhai Zheng ,&nbsp;Juan Huang ,&nbsp;Xiangping Tan ,&nbsp;Jiangming Mo ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite large phosphorus (P) reserves in subtropical forest soils, P limitation can be exacerbated by elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. However, the mechanisms underlying how soil P fraction transformation affects P availability and the key factors that regulate this process under long-term N and/or P addition remain unclear. In this study, in a subtropical forest subjected to 13 years of continuous simulated N and/or P addition, we investigated the response of soil P fractions by modified Hedley P fractionation to long-term fertilization, and how soil geochemical including absorption or desorption with Fe³⁺, Al³⁺ and biological processes such as mineralization by phosphatase and assimilation by microorganisms regulate P transformation. We found that N addition significantly increased the Moderately Labile P but did not affect the Labile Pi (inorganic P) and Labile Po (organic P) fractions. These changes were primarily regulated by the promoted geochemical processes, such as Fe³⁺ (+57.49 %) and Al³⁺ (+11.20 %) adsorption. However, several soil biological indicators regulating organic and inorganic P transformation, including phosphomonoesterase activity (PME), significantly decreased under long-term N addition. With long-term P addition, Moderately Labile P (contributing to 69 % of the total P increment) was the main destination of the added P, facilitated by the exchange of PO₄^3- with soil organic carbon (SOC) at absorption sites. These findings suggest that soil adsorption/desorption processes dominate the transformation of P fractions in subtropical forests, under both N and P addition. Our findings highlight the importance of P adsorption and desorption processes in highly weathered subtropical forest ecosystems to better understand P transformation mechanisms under global change scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"457 ","pages":"Article 117284"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}