Geoderma最新文献

{"title":"Macrofaunal biopores: Diversity and regeneration rates across diverse pedoclimatic conditions studied with repacked soil cores","authors":"Charlotte Védère ,&nbsp;Hanane Aroui Boukbida ,&nbsp;Yvan Capowiez ,&nbsp;Sougueh Cheik ,&nbsp;Guillaume Coulouma ,&nbsp;Rinh Pham Dinh ,&nbsp;Séraphine Grellier ,&nbsp;Claude Hammecker ,&nbsp;Thierry Henry Des Tureaux ,&nbsp;Ajay Harit ,&nbsp;Jean Louis Janeau ,&nbsp;Pascal Jouquet ,&nbsp;Jean Luc Maeght ,&nbsp;Pascal Podwojewski ,&nbsp;Cornelia Rumpel ,&nbsp;Stéphane Sammartino ,&nbsp;Norbert Silvera ,&nbsp;Siwaporn Siltecho ,&nbsp;Lotfi Smaili ,&nbsp;Bounsamay Soulileuth ,&nbsp;Nicolas Bottinelli","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is well known that biopores are crucial for soil functioning. However, their dynamics is rarely studied and their origin with regards to the soil organisms involved is still hard to determine. In this study we investigated the diversity of biopores and their regeneration rates <em>in situ</em> in various pedoclimatic conditions. Our approach involved field incubation of repacked soil cores with lateral openings across nine study sites in five countries (France, Vietnam, India, Laos and Thailand). After 12 months, biopores were characterized by X-ray computed tomography and grouped according to their diameter, length and sphericity index using principal component analysis followed by K-means clustering. The regeneration dynamics of biopores was assessed by comparing those created after one year of incubation to the biopores determined in soil cores taken from the surrounding soils (assuming the latter are in a steady-state). Additionally, we examined the relationships between newly formed biopores and soil macrofauna taxa. Our results evidenced significant variability in biopore diameter (0.90 to 15.84 mm), length (1 to 1600 mm) and sphericity index (0.03 to 0.93). We propose 10 biopore groups allowing to distinguish most of the study sites. Complete regeneration of biopores after 12 months was achieved in seven out of nine sites. Three groups of biopores showed a positive relation with earthworm abundance (r values ranged from 0.69 to 0.90), whereas the other groups of biopores showed no association with any macrofauna taxa. We conclude that biopore formation can be assessed under field conditions with repacked soil cores, regardless the pedoclimatic conditions. However, the involvement of macrofauna other than earthworms in biopore formation still remains to be unraveled. To capture their contribution to biopore formation, improvements of the repacked soil core approach and complementary laboratory experiments were suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117177"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil carbon concentration drives anoxic microsites across horizons, textures, and aggregate position in a California grassland","authors":"Emily M. Lacroix ,&nbsp;Anna Gomes ,&nbsp;Alexander S. Honeyman ,&nbsp;Katie R. Huy ,&nbsp;Scott Fendorf ,&nbsp;Vincent Noël ,&nbsp;Meret Aeppli","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anoxic microsites, zones of oxygen depletion in otherwise well-aerated soils, serve as prominent controls on several biogeochemical cycles (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, iron). However, relatively little is known about the spatiotemporal distribution of anoxic microsites and thus little is known about their biogeochemical influence. Here, we use time-integrative measures of past anoxia (i.e., electrochemical measurements and quantification of anaerobic functional genes) to determine how the spatial distribution of anoxic microsites varies between aggregate interiors and bulk soils in soils of two distinct textures across multiple depths in a California grassland. We found greater evidence of anoxia in topsoils vs. subsoils and finer vs. coarse-textured soils. Counter to many traditional depictions of soil aggregates, we observed that aggregate interiors showed equal or less evidence of anoxic microsites than bulk soils. Across the entire dataset, our combined proxies for anoxic microsite prevalence were strongly and positively correlated with organic C concentration (R² = 0.80), highlighting the importance of soil organic C availability and microbial oxygen demand in creating anoxic microsites. Our results contribute to a growing body of evidence that soil oxygen demand (i.e., microbial respiration) can play a more prominent role in anoxic microsite formation than soil oxygen supply, provoking questions about the suitability of using aggregate size and moisture as lone proxies for soil oxygen availability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117165"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing legume-cereal proportions in cover crop mixtures to minimize N2O emissions","authors":"Guillermo Guardia ,&nbsp;Diego Abalos ,&nbsp;Emanuele Ribatti ,&nbsp;Federico Ardenti ,&nbsp;Federico Capra ,&nbsp;Giacomo Mortella ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Tabaglio ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Ibáñez ,&nbsp;Ji Chen ,&nbsp;Andrea Fiorini","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Legume-cereal cover crop mixtures offer a promising approach to reduce nitrate leaching and enhancing soil fertility. However, the impacts of these mixtures on N₂O emissions during both the cover cropping and post-incorporation phases, as well as the relative contribution of roots and shoots to N₂O emission, remain uncertain. To address these knowledge gaps, we conducted a two-phase greenhouse experiment. In the first phase, cover crops were grown encompassing six treatments: control (no cover crop), pure vetch (<em>Vicia villosa</em> Roth), pure rye (<em>Secale cereale</em> L.), and mixtures with 33 %, 50 % and 66 % of the pure rye sowing rate paired with 66 %, 50 % and 33 % of the pure vetch sowing rate, respectively. In the second phase, focusing on the post-incorporation effects, the same treatments were arranged in mesocosms with both roots and shoots, and in mesocosms with roots only. During the first phase, the proportion of fine/very fine roots and root length density were negatively correlated with mineral N content and N₂O emissions. Mixing rye with vetch increased total dry biomass and N yield for all mixtures compared to rye alone. In mixtures, the proportion of fine roots, root length density, and the root C:N ratio decreased compared to rye. Most of the N₂O emissions occurred after cover crop incorporation, with roots contributing more (average 57 %) than shoots (average 31 %). Total N₂O emissions increased with increasing proportion of vetch, but the mixture with 33 % vetch and 66 % rye maintained N₂O emissions as low as rye monoculture. Our study indicates that adjusting the seed proportion in legume-cereal mixtures serves as an effective tool to balance the benefits of pure legume (increased total biomass, and C and N yields) and pure cereal (decreased N₂O emissions and soil mineral N pool) cover cropping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117195"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-scale mapping of soil particle size distribution using legacy data and machine learning-based pedotransfer functions","authors":"Piroska Kassai ,&nbsp;Mihály Kocsis ,&nbsp;Gábor Szatmári ,&nbsp;András Makó ,&nbsp;János Mészáros ,&nbsp;Annamária Laborczi ,&nbsp;Zoltán Magyar ,&nbsp;Katalin Takács ,&nbsp;László Pásztor ,&nbsp;Brigitta Szabó","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-scale maps of particle size fractions (i.e., sand, silt, and clay contents) were created for a case study based on the newly developed Profile-level Database of the Hungarian Large-Scale Soil Mapping (Hungarian acronym: NATASA). This database combines data from previous surveys, offering potential to improve soil mapping accuracy. The database includes information on soil taxonomy and basic soil chemical and physical properties. However, this database contains no direct information on sand, silt and clay content, only an indirect parameter, namely, the upper limit of soil plasticity. Particle size distribution is crucial for various applications, such as assessing soil degradation, hydrology and fertility. To overcome this limitation, we developed pedotransfer functions (PTFs) to compute the particle size distribution from the soil properties available in the NATASA dataset (1,372 soil profiles). The PTFs were trained and tested on the Hungarian Detailed Soil Hydrophysical Database (3,970 soil profiles) using the random forest method. For the prediction model, i) additive log-ratio transformed clay, silt and sand content were used as the dependent variables, and ii) the upper limit of soil plasticity, soil type, calcium carbonate content, organic matter content and pH were included as independent variables. The results indicate that the R² values of the PTFs are 0.69 for clay, 0.58 for silt, and 0.74 for sand content. Since the NATASA database contains soil information from different depths, we splined the data into six standard depth layers (0–5, 5–15, 15–30, 30–60, 60–100 and 100–200 cm depths). The spatial modelling was performed by random forest kriging (RFK) using environmental auxiliary variables. The R² values of the RFK models range from 0.19 to 0.67 for clay content, from 0.49 to 0.62 for silt content and from 0.69 to 0.74 for sand content. We compared the high-resolution (25 m) maps with the global SoilGrids (250 m resolution) and the national <span><span>DOSoReMI.hu</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> soil maps (100 m resolution). Our high-resolution maps offer more detailed information on clay, silt and sand content vertically and horizontally compared to global and national soil maps. This enhanced detail will facilitate future assessments of soil texture-related processes in the area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117178"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of soil enthalpy change on land–atmosphere interactions of permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Ren Li ,&nbsp;Shenning Wang ,&nbsp;Junjie Ma ,&nbsp;Wenhao Liu ,&nbsp;Tonghua Wu ,&nbsp;Changwei Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Wu ,&nbsp;Yongjian Ding ,&nbsp;Lin Zhao ,&nbsp;Guojie Hu ,&nbsp;Jimin Yao ,&nbsp;Xiaofan Zhu ,&nbsp;Wu Wang ,&nbsp;Yongliang Jiao ,&nbsp;Yao Xiao ,&nbsp;Jianzong Shi ,&nbsp;Yongping Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrothermal changes in the active layers of permafrost soils during freeze–thaw processes are crucial for understanding the interactions between the surface and the atmosphere. The soil enthalpy of the active layer in permafrost regions is a comprehensive parameter incorporating soil temperature and moisture, reflecting the energy state of the soil. Changes in soil enthalpy during freeze–thaw processes have important impacts on soil hydrothermal coupling processes and the land–atmosphere energy exchange. In this paper, using the measured hydrothermal data of the continuous permafrost region at Tanggula and the relict permafrost region at Mahanshan on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, we analyzed the characteristics of soil enthalpy changes during freeze–thaw processes and discuss the hydrothermal coupling effects of soil enthalpy and land–atmosphere energy changes occurring during the processes and the lag relationship between soil enthalpy and precipitation. The soil enthalpy changes at the two sites were different, mainly due to their difference in water content. There is a near-linear relationship between soil enthalpy and unfrozen water content, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9 at all depths, reflecting the phase change and migration of soil moisture. Soil enthalpy and net radiation at the surface displayed similar patterns, reflecting the balance of the surface energy budget. There was a 1–2 months lag relationship between the soil enthalpy of the whole active layer and precipitation, and this relationship varied with the season and the underlying surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117183"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil moisture and the occurrence of hysteresis during seasonal transitions in a headwater catchment","authors":"Shangqiang Hui ,&nbsp;Li Guo ,&nbsp;Haochen Liu ,&nbsp;Xuemei Wu ,&nbsp;Ping Lan ,&nbsp;Elizabeth W. Boyer ,&nbsp;Carlos R. Mello ,&nbsp;Hongxia Li","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil moisture and its hysteresis behavior are crucial for the integration of soil, vegetation, and hydrological processes in headwater catchments. While extensive research has been conducted on soil moisture patterns within distinct dry or wet seasons, the transitions between these seasons have received relatively little attention. Therefore, exploring the variability in soil moisture and its hysteresis characteristics during these transitional periods is imperative. This study delves into the relationship between spatial mean <span><math><mover><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></math></span> and standard deviation σ_θ (σ_θ(<span><math><mover><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></math></span>)) of soil moisture over both time and space, utilizing three years of daily monitoring data from 33 sites within a 0.08 km² headwater catchment in Pennsylvania, USA, with a focus on the seasonal transition periods. Through empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, key factors that influence the occurrence of the hysteresis cycles in the σ_θ(<span><math><mover><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></math></span>) relationship were identified. The findings of this study reveal a linear trend in the σ_θ(<span><math><mover><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></math></span>) relationship over time during transitional periods, contrasting with behavior observed within the dry and wet seasons. Notably, hysteresis cycles in the σ_θ(<span><math><mover><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>¯</mo></mrow></mover></math></span>) relationship are present in each season, predominantly during wetter periods. These cycles are categorized into two types: those without reorganization, featuring wetting-up and drying-down phases, and those with reorganization, which also include a reorganization phase. The first two EOFs explain 75.3 % of the variation in hysteresis cycles and exhibit significant correlations with soil characteristics, topography, and vegetation. More specifically, topography and soil properties primarily influence soil moisture patterns during the transition from wet to dry seasons, whereas vegetation and topography are more influential during the transition from dry to wet. The observed spatiotemporal variability and the occurrence of hysteresis cycles in soil moisture supplement the behaviors and mechanisms of soil moisture in seasonal transitions in forested headwater catchments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117169"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crustivorous macro-arthropods regulate the microtopography and carbon dynamics of biological soil crusts","authors":"Nevo Sagi ,&nbsp;Amir Sagy ,&nbsp;Vincent J.M.N.L. Felde ,&nbsp;Dror Hawlena","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) play key roles in dryland ecosystem processes by mediating soil surface conditions. How consumption by macro-arthropods affects biocrust surface roughness and carbon cycling remains largely unknown. In two separate experiments, we addressed this knowledge gap by exposing biocrusts to varying levels of desert isopod crustivory (i.e. grazing intensity), and quantifying the consequences for microtopography, CO₂ efflux and carbon fixation. Biocrust surface roughness peaked under intermediate crustivory pressure, implying that varying levels of crustivory may have opposing consequences for ecosystem processes such as carbon cycling, water infiltration, runoff generation and soil erosion. However, crustivory had a monotonic negative effect on biocrust carbon cycling. Biocrust CO₂ efflux decreased with increasing crustivory, but recovered after several wetting events. Crustivory had a negative effect on biocrust C fixation, but only after the CO₂ efflux recovered to pre-crustivory levels. Our findings suggest that macro-crustivores may play a pivotal role in regulating biocrust functioning, introducing a whole new line of trophic research that may transform our understanding of ecosystems dynamics in drylands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117193"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the stratified distribution and evolution of deep soil drought and its environmental controls: New evidence from continuous fiber optic monitoring in 0–30 m profile","authors":"Yongping Tong ,&nbsp;Yunqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Jingxiong Zhou ,&nbsp;Meina He ,&nbsp;Ting Wang ,&nbsp;Yuting Xu ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Guo ,&nbsp;Mengya Sun ,&nbsp;Zimin Li ,&nbsp;Bin Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regulating soil drought regime is essential for global ecology and climate security. Indeed, soil drought is largely dependent on rapid climate change, complex soil types, and interaction with vegetations, leading to its spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Previous studies paid less attention on temporal-frequently and spatial-deeply investigations, therefore causing information omission when studying soil drought. This study deployed Fiber Bragg Grating sensors in a 0–30 m profile to monitor deep soil drought with daily resolution under a <em>Robinia pseudoacacia</em> forest in the Chinese Loess Plateau. We aimed at deciphering the distribution, evolution, and determinants of soil drought in an extremely deep profile surpassing the region’s deepest root range. Our experiment identified three typical drought characteristic layers within the deep loess profile: 0–0.4 m (L1), 0.4–1.8 m (L2), and 1.8–30 m (L3). Soil desiccation indices in all three layers of L1, L2, and L3 were 3.56, 0.37, and −0.92, respectively. No drought was observed in L1, while L2 exhibited the most frequent drought changes, and L3 showed a stable and severe drought. These results reveal that both distribution and evolution of deep soil drought exhibited the significant stratified characteristics. For the drought in the entire profile, roots, soil organic carbon, and bulk density acted as the primary factors influenced its spatial distribution. The temporal dynamics of drought were more significantly influenced by temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity than by precipitation. Our analytical results also indicated that synergistic impacts existed when the aforementioned factors affected soil drought distribution and evolution. Considering heterogeneous characteristics and determinants in diverse layers, we suggest a ‘<em>Soil Characteristic Layer Identification–Stratified Governance</em>’ strategy during ecological recovery, to strike a water demand balance between vegetation restoration and soil drought regulation. Our findings therefore offer a reference for deep soil drought evaluation and regulation in loess regions worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117168"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predominant effects of soil organic carbon quality on phosphatase activity in upland Ultisols under long-term fertilizations","authors":"Yunbin Jiang ,&nbsp;Dexu Kuang ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Cheng Han ,&nbsp;Huan Deng ,&nbsp;Kailou Liu ,&nbsp;Shangshu Huang ,&nbsp;Wenhui Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding phosphorus (P) mobilization in “legacy P”-rich croplands is critical for sustainable agricultural P management. However, the role of soil organic carbon (SOC) quality (i.e., biochemical recalcitrance) in regulating the enzyme activity associated with microbial mineralization of organic P in such environments has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, in this study, upland Ultisols subjected to seven different fertilization regimens (i.e. no fertilizer, chemical N, P, NP, and NPK fertilizer, swine manure, and NPK plus swine manure) for 35 years were collected to clarify and quantify the effect of SOC quality on acid (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. The ratio between labile and recalcitrant C, an index of SOC quality, increased by 15.5 %– 22.9 % with manure application compared with the non-fertilized control, whereas it decreased by 1.94 %–18.5 % under chemical fertilizations. ACP activity was determined to be 3–6-fold greater than ALP activity in the same soil, and both were significantly greater under manure fertilization than the other regimens. A significant positive correlation was observed among SOC quality, phosphatase activities, the abundances of their encoding genes, and the compositional dissimilarities of corresponding functional bacterial communities. Soil nutrient content, SOC quality, and functional gene abundance were the predominant influencing factors regulating ACP activity rather than soil pH, nutrient stoichiometry, and the composition of functional bacterial community. This finding suggests that the increased ACP activity was strongly associated with the proliferation of functional taxa dominated by copiotrophs. In contrast, soil pH and the composition of functional bacterial community were the primary regulators of ALP activity, suggesting a mitigation of acidity-induced inhibition that promoted its enhancement. The findings of this study provide an empirical basis for manipulating microbial mineralization of organic P through the application of labile organic materials to maintain P bioavailability in fertilized croplands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117186"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferential flow in soils is key to the development of nebkhas in water limited regions","authors":"Weicheng Luo ,&nbsp;Wenzhi Zhao ,&nbsp;Ning An ,&nbsp;Chengpeng Sun ,&nbsp;Hong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nebkhas, a typical landscape form in arid and semiarid environments, play important roles in desertification control and biodiversity protection. However, water use strategies and infiltration characteristics of nebkhas change with their development stages in regions with low precipitation and deep groundwater, and those changes are not well known. Here, we investigated changes in soil properties and quantified preferential flow characteristics with a dye tracer experiment in nebkhas at different development stages including bare sand dunes (BD), and small (SN) and large nebkha (LN) in different precipitation conditions. Our results showed that soil properties such as clay and silt content, organic carbon content, total porosity, and soil crust thickness increased with nebkha development stages (BD &lt; SN &lt; LN), indicating that soils in LN had better soil structure and physicochemical properties than those in BD. The degree of preferential flow was highest in LN, intermediate in SN, and minimal in BD, and it decreased with an increase in precipitation. Infiltration patterns in SN and LN were dominated by preferential flow, while matrix flow dominated in BD. Higher soil organic matter content, total porosity, and thickness of the soil crust in LN all significantly contributed to the development of preferential flow in nebkhas especially under low precipitation conditions. We conclude that a higher degree of preferential flow in nebkhas may enhance their rainwater infiltration capacity and that represents a very important strategy in nebkha adaptation to extremely arid environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12511,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma","volume":"454 ","pages":"Article 117205"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}