Geoforum最新文献

{"title":"From denial to domestication: Unpacking Italy’s right-wing approach to climate migration and security","authors":"Giovanni Bettini ,&nbsp;Anna Casaglia","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rise to power of right-wing political formations in numerous countries opens new questions on how they relate to the climate emergency. Now that outright climate denial has become a residual position, the intersection of climate change, migration, and security might prove a litmus test of how the right wing ‘digests’ climate change. And indeed, while humanitarian narratives portray ‘climate refugees’ as victims deserving protection, the spectre of a ‘climate exodus’ has been mobilised also to justify border militarisation and reinforce racial lines.</p><p>Aiming to advance debates on climate migration, security and political ecologies of the right, we examine the articulation of ’climate migration’ in the Italian political landscape, a case made particularly relevant given the ruling right-wing coalition and its track-record of anti-migration rhetoric and policies.</p><p>Drawing on a qualitative analysis of parliamentary debates, electoral programs, social media feeds, and other sources, we show that the Italian right, rather than waiving the spectre of a climate exodus, has been attempting a ‘domestication’ of climate change, taming the debate on the impacts of global warming and reducing it to a domestic matter. These findings, while underscoring the need for situated and nuanced understandings of how political actors address the climate crisis in relation to security and borders, also highlight the danger that right wing formations, on top of responding to the climate emergency by pushing explicit forms of eco-fascism or ecobordering, can resort to less spectacularised repertoires that aim at blocking climate action while still pursing anti-migrant and racist agendas. This research thereby not only sheds light on the Italian case but also contributes to broader discussions on climate security and the diverse responses of right-wing political formations to the climate emergency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104079"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001404/pdfft?md5=a71e6a28f1ea60739bed5ad1e5cfd260&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001404-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveying adult support for child and youth voice on environmental governmental decision-making in Australian and New Zealand","authors":"Louise Gwenneth Phillips ,&nbsp;Jenny Ritchie ,&nbsp;Francisco Perales","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global movement of student strikes for climate action illustrates that many children and youth want to have a voice on governmental decisions on the environment. Yet in most nations, an electoral voice is not granted to those under the age of 18. From prior research, we see the main barrier for child and youth voice to parliament is adult attitudes towards children and youth. To find out who supports their voice on government decisions for the environment, we added such a question to the Australia and New Zealand iterations of the International Social Survey Program 2020 survey. The results indicated that the majority of surveyed adults support 11–14 year olds (Aus 62 %, NZ 59 %) and 15–18 year olds (Aus 79 %, NZ 80 %) having opportunities to influence government decisions on the environment. Analysis of responses to this question in relation to demographic survey data indicated variations in preferences for different age groups of children and youth, and that age, gender, education, concern for the environment, environment organisation membership and prior election political party preference of respondents were variables of significance for both nations. Recommendations for policy and practice to broaden support for child and youth voice to contribute to government decisions on the environment are suggested with application of Iris Marion Young’s propositions for more inclusive democracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104072"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001337/pdfft?md5=62ef2eef420fd874daabdfb12a61b9c9&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001337-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141736387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liminal logic: Peacebuilding and photovoice in Jerusalem","authors":"Noam Brenner","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photography and other visual methods have become invaluable tools in peacebuilding and urban studies, enabling citizens to explore their circumstances and voice grievances. These methods provide insights into spatial dynamics, aesthetics, and identity, crucial for understanding individual perspectives. While their role in capturing urban liminality is acknowledged, further investigation is needed, especially in contested cities affected by ongoing conflicts. In such cities, visual methods can offer significant insights into liminal spaces, narratives, and logic, shedding light on urban geopolitics. Focusing on Jerusalem as a case study, this research explores how visual methods, particularly photovoice, illuminate the liminal aspects of urban geopolitics. Through a comparative analysis of focus groups (Israelis, Palestinians, and bi-national) within a photovoice project, the research uncovers the complex nature of liminal logic, especially how city residents integrate and balance various rationalities such as urban and national, gender and religion, age and profession. However, the analysis also reveals constraints on applying liminal logic and potential change among disadvantaged groups, particularly Palestinians, highlighting the need for future examination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 104075"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An empty shell? Relocation of central and eastern European startups, virtual headquarters and beyond","authors":"Andrea Szalavetz ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Skala","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Some of the best technology startups born in CEE moved their headquarters to a foreign jurisdiction before scaling. These ventures became ‘foreign’ companies but kept the principal business functions in the countries of origin. We theorize about this phenomenon, referred to as virtual relocation, and consider what it conveys for the asserted reduced relevance of location-bound advantages and constraints in the digital era. We take a process approach and investigate the cases of 34 technology startups from Poland, Hungary, and Romania. We find that CEE startups’ choice of a ‘virtual’ type of relocation can be traced back to the tension between the retention factors and the push/pull factors influencing their locational decision. We show that the factors that push CEE startups away from their home countries, pull them to the destination country, and make them retain specific business functions in their home countries are equally location bound. If virtually relocated startups manage to seize the assumed opportunities in the destination country and scale, the virtualness of the HQ office will gradually fade: employment starts growing also at the HQ location.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 104074"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001350/pdfft?md5=2f1d19e75a86ac9b80d347136a5e7e85&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001350-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141595545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on ecological restoration and its impact on society in coal resource-based areas: Lessons from the Ruhr area in Germany and the Liulin area in China","authors":"Ding Yuan ,&nbsp;Jiangai Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The coal resource-based areas rely on coal resources and primary processing as their pillar industries, such as the old industrial areas in China and Germany. Long-term, large-scale coal mining has significantly damaged the ecological environment of mining areas. Environmental restoration refers to repairing, rehabilitating, or revitalizing ecosystems that have been degraded, damaged, or destroyed by human activities or natural disasters. In fact, ecological restoration is not just an environmental issue and it is a societal problem. Ecological restoration is closely linked to natural resources, the environment, the economy, society, and politics. These factors form a social ecological system and it is the basis for local stability and sustainable development in the coal resource-based areas. In this process, the relationship between government, enterprise, and local people is constantly being reshaped and defined, then it causes changes in the local social ecology and political ecology. The paper researches the Ruhr area in Germany and the Liulin County in China, the former is a world-famous old industrial and the latter is a typical coal mining subsidence district. By analyzing and comparing the ecological restoration and significant social changes in the Ruhr area and the Liulin County at different periods, the findings show the unique ecology— social system of the coal resource-based area, then enhances the effective measures for ecological restoration and sustainable development of the coal resource-based areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 104038"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141595544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When sustainable development competes with African Ubuntu: A case study","authors":"Ellen Fungisai Chipango ,&nbsp;Long Seng To","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globally, one Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 7) has gained currency as a lever for sustainability and a reference point for energy transition. That said, we know little about contested views of this goal. Thus, this paper explores competing views of experts versus communities. Further, we analyse alternative architectures of knowledge and practice that constitute different understandings of sustainable development. Drawing on qualitative research, it emerged that the elite (government authorities, NGOs and experts) are inclined to the hegemonic ‘Western’ and modernist view of sustainable development. On the other hand, communities contest this view arguing that sustainable development should be relational, context-dependent and shaped by their knowledge and culture. Insights into these differences are a launchpad for a new <em>relational</em> and forward-looking sustainable development agenda.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 104073"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001349/pdfft?md5=df0e25c291e8254fa72df198414543c1&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001349-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141593936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community water debts in colombia: Financialisation from below?","authors":"Brendan Ecuyer","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drawing on the recent experience of community water finance in Colombia, this paper contributes to a diversification of the literature on the financialisation of water and the commons governance by focusing on the perspective of grassroots organisations. It highlights the inclusion and exclusion mechanisms of water access in the rural Colombian context. As water communities continue to seek autonomy from state agencies and private providers and to affirm their own management model, the paper examines the ambivalent effects of finance and the use of the credit as a political instrument. In a context of public policies that pressurise communities to adopt water management and financing strategies based on profitability and efficiency, the paper considers how access to credit from local financial institutions contributes to this quest for autonomy. It highlights how the effects of these new financial practices are starting to bring about social change within communities, such as the redefinition of leaders’ roles, or the transformation of relations with the state. The paper concludes by demonstrating how, in adopting entrepreneurial forms of management, the community water organisations assume the risks associated with the market-based model and thus expose themselves to significant change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 104049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141539905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing equitable partnerships: frontline community visions for coastal resiliency knowledge co-production, social cohesion, and environmental justice","authors":"Aya Morris ,&nbsp;Bernadette Baird-Zars ,&nbsp;Victoria Sanders ,&nbsp;Paul Gallay ,&nbsp;Jacqueline M. Klopp ,&nbsp;Annel Hernandez ,&nbsp;Lexi Scanlon ,&nbsp;Hannah Su-An Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Community-based organizations (CBOs) in frontline coastal communities grapple with social and environmental injustices compounded by climate change risks. In response, CBOs have developed deep expertise in climate adaptation tailored to their local communities. Yet these groups are often effectively excluded from resilience planning processes that are top-down and involve perfunctory and often performative consultations. This paper asks: What do community leaders seek from adaptation planning, and how do they recommend such processes be improved? Drawing on the experiences of ten CBOs in coastal New York and New Jersey, the majority representing BIPOC environmental justice communities, this article advances community-driven priorities for coastal resilience planning outcomes and processes. We conducted structured 60–90-minute interviews with ten CBO leaders between February-March 2022, collaboratively completed an iterative content analysis of the interview data and community plans, and workshopped core findings in multiple sessions and conversations with participating CBOs through early 2024. CBO leaders had consensus on resilience planning priorities: they oppose top-down approaches where planners bring a predetermined agenda, and seek true partnership through a relational approach that values grassroots perspectives to co-produce equitable and just strategies to address climate risk. Recommendations for decision-makers center on the need to build on existing community-led plans, invest in community leadership within planning processes, act with transparency to foster trust, partnership and co-planning with communities, and self-evaluate their practice. Lessons for researchers seeking to support community leadership within resilience planning include the need to establish lasting and mutually supportive relationships with community partners to enable knowledge co-production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 104051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141487151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firescape politics of wildfires in the Mediterranean: Example from rural Tuscany, Italy","authors":"Lauren Chastain,&nbsp;Mine Islar","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increase in wildfires has changed parts of the landscape and ecosystems of the Mediterranean region. By using the firecapes approach, this paper aims to establish a connection between wildfires as a natural phenomenon and the political dynamics surrounding land ownership, knowledge, and mitigation. Theoretically, we apply political ecology to contextualize firescapes by examining the historical processes that have shaped different uses of landscape which in turn has made land areas susceptible to wildfires. Empirical evidence is derived from literature review, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups with local municipal actors in wildfire mitigation in Tuscany, Italy. Results demonstrate that while Tuscany is climatically predisposed to wildfire activity, historical processes of industrialization and commercialization have rendered the land more vulnerable to destruction by wildfire. Historically-informed and community-based approaches are recommended for sustainable wildfire prevention and mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 104068"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001295/pdfft?md5=cd93ca0bc547c877498caf02d33fbb69&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001295-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141487152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geopolitics of decolonization: Carnegie Endowment’s diplomatic training program 1960–73","authors":"Jonathan Harris","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2024.104067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper considers the case of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace’s ‘Programs in Diplomacy’, which from 1960 to 73 provided international, bilingual training for the diplomats of ‘newer states’ – former colonies that gained independence after 1945. Drawing on archival research in three continents, we can see that the spaces and practices of diplomatic training through these programmes were inherently geopolitical: they would shape social and professional norms and networks, in turn shaping state-building and international life. As a result, the pedagogies, curricula, and spaces of these courses must be understood through the prism of contemporary (geo)political tensions: the ideological confrontations of decolonization and the Cold War. Organizers sought ‘neutral ground’ for the programmes, in terms of both their locations and their content. Beginning in Geneva and New York, the programmes shifted quickly towards universities in the Global South and articulated Third World ideals such as African unity. Despite consistent attempts to frame the programmes as technical and non-ideological, their discursive and material geographies reveal an approach to ‘learning the international’ that privileged Western liberal norms and practices, particularly through a pedagogy of socialization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 104067"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718524001283/pdfft?md5=16502067e11ac4442c6be5ee2e36afcd&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718524001283-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141487237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}