Geoforum最新文献_第3页

Beyond the boom. Genealogies of corridor urbanism in the making of the Lithium Triangle, Argentina and Chile 在繁荣之后。阿根廷和智利“锂三角”形成过程中的走廊城市主义谱系

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103913

Alberto Valz Gris

{"title":"Beyond the boom. Genealogies of corridor urbanism in the making of the Lithium Triangle, Argentina and Chile","authors":"Alberto Valz Gris","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since 2015, the Atacama region has emerged as the Lithium Triangle, a global hotspot for lithium extraction marked by the establishment of new mines and the expansion of existing ones. Adding to recent studies that document the adverse localized impacts of this booming economy, in this article I grapple with the layered geographies of logistics infrastructure that have historically enabled and materially sustained the process of resource extraction, probing the co-production of extraction and logistics. I propose to explore this intersection through the notion of corridor urbanism as proposed by Silver (2021) and chart its underexplored aspects in a context of extended urbanization and resource extraction. Through a mobile ethnography along a segment of the lithium trade's logistical network across the Atacama, I engage with the layered genealogies of three infrastructural elements that have been crucial in the development of this extractive landscape: the upgraded cross-border road and customhouse at Paso de Jama, the recently repaired Huaytiquina railway and the expanded port of Mejillones. Reflecting on these genealogies and their associated dynamics of smoothing, repair and securing, I locate some defining features of corridor urbanism, its extractive dimension, layered temporalities and selective character whereby socioecological wellbeing is unevenly distributed. In conclusion, I argue how a closer engagement with the situated genealogies of corridor urbanism can contribute to a sharper understanding of present and near-future extractive landscapes, especially in the context of a global expansion of resource frontiers and wider technological restructuring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718523002397/pdfft?md5=b4929f8519771359748fdf67536c1e94&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718523002397-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138423606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dangers of rationalizing temporary foreign worker programs as a solution to food waste 将临时外国工人计划合理化以解决食物浪费的危险

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103911

Kate Parizeau

{"title":"The dangers of rationalizing temporary foreign worker programs as a solution to food waste","authors":"Kate Parizeau","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this Forum piece, I argue that actors in Canada’s agri-food industry have begun to frame the employment of temporary migrant workers as a remedy to food loss and waste. This discursive shift threatens to further entrench Canada’s temporary foreign worker programs, which have been critiqued as enabling labour exploitation and facilitating the poor treatment of precarious racialized workers from the global South. I detail the limitations and violations associated with these temporary migration programs, and discuss how they have been criticized as neo-colonial tools of the Canadian state. I then discuss the increased policy attention paid to food loss and waste in Canada and other locales, suggesting that this is an emergent environmental issue that is still in discursive flux. As the framing of temporary migrant workers as a solution to food waste gains discursive coherence in Canada, it becomes important to attend to what is centred and what is discarded by this narrative. I argue that this emerging framing invokes a sustainability crisis in order to reinforce the status quo of exploitative migrant labour systems, and that such a discursive move is ethically problematic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 103911"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718523002373/pdfft?md5=ca56ec90b73817d8e027614da3aece69&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718523002373-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138435794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Living the life of floods: Place-based learning in an Anthropocene harmscape 生活在洪水中:人类世危害景观中的基于地点的学习

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103914

Anna Wilson , Liezl Dick , Sikhululekile Ncube , Jen Dickie , Amber Abrams , Gillian Black , Nicola Blair , Kirsty Carden , Niall Hamilton-Smith , Guy Lamb , Tsitsi Mpofu-Mketwa , Leif Petersen , George Robertson

引用次数: 0

Hungry for power: financialization and the concentration of corporate control in the global food system 对权力的渴求:金融化和全球食品系统中企业控制的集中

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103909

Liam Keenan , Timothy Monteath , Dariusz Wójcik

{"title":"Hungry for power: financialization and the concentration of corporate control in the global food system","authors":"Liam Keenan , Timothy Monteath , Dariusz Wójcik","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global food system is in crisis. Climate change, ecological degradation, and economic and military conflict have exposed significant vulnerabilities in how the world produces, distributes, and consumes food. While governments aim to address these intersecting crises, they typically overlook another critical factor - the unprecedented concentration of corporate control in the global food system driven by contemporary processes of financialization. The incursion of new financial actors and imperatives have encouraged food firms to implement mergers and acquisitions (M&As) to improve financial performance, generate shareholder value, and capture market share. This has resulted in record levels of concentration, with more power controlled by fewer firms. Surprisingly, there is little empirical detail concerning the uneven pace, scale, and geographies of this concentration. Our article develops a novel M&A-based approach to investigate the concentration of power and corporate control throughout the global food system. Drawing from a sample of 4449 M&A deals throughout 2001–20, we reveal the uneven geographical and sectoral characteristics of food systems concentration, showing that the majority of M&A deals are horizontal (within the same sub-sector) and domestic (within the same country). These findings allow us to reflect on when, where, and why corporate control and decision-making power are shifting between different actors and geographies throughout the global food system, ultimately underscoring the importance of bringing finance and financialization into closer dialogue with food systems research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001671852300235X/pdfft?md5=c8ac99d7db08f13430a11d25a763aabd&pid=1-s2.0-S001671852300235X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138136122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rebel governance without territorial control: The experiences of the PKK in 1970s Turkey 没有领土控制的叛军统治:20世纪70年代土耳其库尔德工人党的经历

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103904

Francis O'Connor, Joost Jongerden

{"title":"Rebel governance without territorial control: The experiences of the PKK in 1970s Turkey","authors":"Francis O'Connor, Joost Jongerden","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insurgent movements rely on popular support using varying strategies to build supportive constituencies, including forms of rebel governance. The rebel governance literature explicitly limits its scope to insurgent cases with territorial control, excluding all groups that did not obtain territorial control, areas of weaker insurgent presence and early phases of mobilisation. This article focuses on Kurdistan Workers Party’s (PKK) use of rebel governance (1977–1980) through municipal politics prior to the launch of its insurgency. The article makes two important contributions: firstly, it demonstrates the need to broaden the scope of the rebel governance literature to include phases where insurgent movements do not control territory. Secondly, it critiques the linearity of retrospective readings of insurgent trajectories that downplay the role of interactions and contingency in early mobilizational phases. It is based on original data including primary source documents and qualitative interviews with people involved in the PKK’s municipal politics between 1977 and 1980.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103904"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718523002300/pdfft?md5=8ba1b7e9fe1fd53d91fc255756b48a18&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718523002300-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134656208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘That’s not how you do it’: Moralising the migrant in the Norwegian outdoors “这不是你应该做的”:在挪威户外教育移民

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103903

Sarah Anderson, Hilde Nymoen Rørtveit, Gunhild Setten

{"title":"‘That’s not how you do it’: Moralising the migrant in the Norwegian outdoors","authors":"Sarah Anderson, Hilde Nymoen Rørtveit, Gunhild Setten","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Participation in outdoor recreational activities is encouraged as a successful method for refugees to learn Norwegian language and culture, based on an assumption that this facilitates social inclusion into Norwegian society. Whilst diversity and engagement in the outdoors is highly valued and strongly encouraged, much because of their social and health benefits, there is also much to suggest that the Norwegian outdoors works to include some more than others. The outdoors is, hence, not a neutral space for everybody to access and enjoy. This article engages with organisers of outdoor recreational activities, or <em>friluftsliv</em>, for refugees through an investigation of how and why organisers are ‘engineering’ the refugees’ behaviours so as to fit established normativities and ideologies inherent in the outdoors. By drawing on conceptualisations of moral geographies and the ‘moralisation of citizenship’, the article identifies three categories of normativities which serve as a basis for a discussion of how the moral ordering of bodies contributes to a citizen-making project, aiming to create certain types of ideal outdoor citizens. The article also contributes to discussions of whether and how moralisation of citizenship can create a moral order that places newcomers as outsiders, fuelling already-existing challenges regarding inclusion and exclusion of refugees in Norwegian society.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134832662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The spatial politics of platformization: Negotiating platform power in everyday taxi driving in Mumbai 平台化的空间政治:孟买日常出租车驾驶中的平台权力谈判

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103890

Tobias Kuttler

{"title":"The spatial politics of platformization: Negotiating platform power in everyday taxi driving in Mumbai","authors":"Tobias Kuttler","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A rich body of studies on platform urbanism investigating the (dis)embeddedness of digital platforms at the urban-digital interface has emerged in recent years. However, with growing attention to platformization in cities of the global south, and to practices of resistance against increasingly overarching platform power, the notion of urban space in the analysis of platform (dis)embeddedness needs to be better conceptualized. Beyond platform domination and subjugation, this contribution aims at offering a conceptual approach to understand and study empirically the politics of platformization in the context of heterogeneous southern cities. Building on Henri Lefebvre’s theory of the production of space and his differentiation between abstract and differential space, I draw on ethnographic fieldwork in Mumbai, India, to retrace the emergence of mobility platforms and their encounter with the long-established metered taxi services in the city. In doing so, I analyse the contentious negotiation between everyday practices and socialities of taxi driving, and historical and contemporary narratives and concepts that seek to govern transport and labor in Mumbai. As a result, attention is directed to the ambivalent role of state institutions in the case of Mumbai that try to come to terms with the logics of the platform economy and to take control of platformization processes in the city. Also, state institutions in their everyday, ground-level workings have provided a level of autonomy to metered taxis, and arguably provide a space for taxi drivers to maneuver the hardships of platform work. I conclude by highlighting the consequences of my observations for taxi driving in Mumbai, class relations in post-pandemic urban societies and the future of platform capitalism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103890"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91964461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trees made out of fintech: Valuing carbon and accumulating capital in China’s Ant Forest 金融科技树:中国蚂蚁森林的碳价值和资本积累

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103888

Emma R. Loizeaux

{"title":"Trees made out of fintech: Valuing carbon and accumulating capital in China’s Ant Forest","authors":"Emma R. Loizeaux","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With China’s increasing international environmental leadership, its emerging models for pursuing environmental goals matter. This article examines one such model, the application of financial technology (“fintech”) to solve environmental problems, through the case of Ant Forest. This highly popular app-based project run by Chinese financial technology giant Ant Group transforms individuals’ green, low-carbon actions into afforestation projects. The article investigates processes of capital accumulation in this project, and finds that Ant Forest’s main innovation, in harnessing fintech, is a techno-epistemological one that defines “green” activities according to political-economic relationships that generate corporate profit but compromise environmental benefit. In models like Ant’s, fintech also shifts processes of value creation, especially in articulation with carbon markets, where nature becomes financialized. This involves multiple linked processes and diverse forms of work to create and realize value. Ant Forest’s entanglements with state power draw attention to the role of the state in sustainability fintech and suggest that fintech capital always works through the state, though in evolving ways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91964462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘We have big ideas, but only small words’: The post-war geographies of civil society and community in Karen State “我们有大的想法，但只有小的词”:战后克伦邦公民社会和社区的地理位置

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103891

Shona Loong

{"title":"‘We have big ideas, but only small words’: The post-war geographies of civil society and community in Karen State","authors":"Shona Loong","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scholars have argued for understanding the post-war as a liminal condition in which the war appears to be over, but where the legacies of war remain contested in everyday spaces and social relations. This article draws from and seeks to make two interrelated contributions to the literature on post-war development and civil society. First, whereas critical development scholars often portray civil society as a Western imposition on local contexts, this article advances a relational approach to post-war civil society as embedded within the local and extra-local power relations created by conflict and violence. Second, drawing from war ethnographies, this article discusses the production of positive socialities amidst war. In particular, this article proposes that warscape biographies – or how subjects narrate their lives as situated within specific times and places of war – can help scholars grasp subjects’ aspirations for redefining community through civil society. These also shed light on the tensions between donors and civil society; the former of which had a decontextualised and aspatial conception of war that did not reflect the heterogeneous and localised ways in which war had been experienced on the ground. This article draws from ethnographic research on mixed-authority in Karen State (2012–2021), shaped by a protracted conflict between the Karen National Union (KNU) and the Myanmar government. There, civil society actors sought to envision community in a way that transcended the KNU’s ethnonationalism and the Myanmar state’s ethnocentrism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103891"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718523002178/pdfft?md5=2186af5d75f973e1d54d7d8d9b61102f&pid=1-s2.0-S0016718523002178-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91964463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seeing animals like a state? Divergent forester subjectivities and the managing of human-wildlife conflicts in South India 把动物看成一个国家?南印度不同的林业主体性与人与野生动物冲突的管理

IF 3.5 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103892

Utkarsh Roy Choudhury , Jared D. Margulies , Dincy Mariyam , B.R. Rajeev , Krithi K. Karanth

{"title":"Seeing animals like a state? Divergent forester subjectivities and the managing of human-wildlife conflicts in South India","authors":"Utkarsh Roy Choudhury , Jared D. Margulies , Dincy Mariyam , B.R. Rajeev , Krithi K. Karanth","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How do foresters in India understand the foundational and proximate causes of negative interactions between humans and wildlife? In this article we identify five distinct epistemological orientations towards managing human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) and drivers of those conflicts among staff at differing levels of the Indian forest bureaucracy across three protected areas in the Western Ghats. Through an empirical analysis employing Q method, we analyze forester subjectivities in relation to how forests should be managed with HWC mitigation in mind. Our results suggest forester perspectives are informed by social class and rank, geography, and experience. Forester positionality and knowledge is also at times in conflict with hegemonic perspectives of forest departments and can lead to the development of tensions in how foresters think about human-wildlife relations and managing HWC. Our analysis brings together concepts of multiple environmentalities with Gramscian ideas of the incoherent individual to theorize the varying subjectivities of individual state actors in understanding, managing, and co-producing forms of HWC. In doing so, this article contributes to contemporary debates about the theorizing of subject-making in political ecology and geography through an empirical case from one of the most important megafaunal conservation landscapes in Asia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 103892"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91959428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0