Geoforum最新文献_第3页

Urban social sustainability and arboreal lived heritage in a West African capital city 西非首都的城市社会可持续性和树栖生活遗产

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104288

Liora Bigon , Joseph Adeniran Adedeji

{"title":"Urban social sustainability and arboreal lived heritage in a West African capital city","authors":"Liora Bigon , Joseph Adeniran Adedeji","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article traverses three fields of research: social sustainability, cultural heritage, and urban greenspaces in the form of arboreal settlement designs. In terms of geography, it turns the spotlight on West African urban cultural landscapes, with a focus on metropolitan Dakar, the capital city of Senegal. Drawing on secondary sources such as relevant research literature; primary sources such as archival materials and fieldwork in Dakar in 2019 and 2022; and rich visual evidence of past and present – the article provides a qualitative insight into the enduring presence of regional tree-related forms of urban design throughout the ages in Dakar’s metropolitan urban landscape. Despite considerable challenges rooted in colonial and post-colonial urban planning conditions and changing socio-political climates, the enduring viability of these arboreal forms of settlement design since pre-colonial times will be highlighted, from the viewpoint of urban social sustainability. The article also provides an insight into the symbolic representations of these arboreal forms of design and their meaning in a variety of other expressions beyond urban morphology, such as in popular art and media endeavors. The multiplicity of representations of material culture testifies to the persistence, strength and depth of tree-related traditional practices and their modern incarnation in the West African city; to the consistency and relevance of endogenous conceptions of urban cultural heritage; and to the importance of supporting communities’ site-keeping on the part of municipal and regional administrations in order to preserve cultural capital while aiming to pursue a more socially-sustainable urban policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 104288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reproducing extractivism: A political ecology analysis of strategic environmental assessment and hydrocarbon extraction in the Arctic 再现开采主义：北极战略环境评估和碳氢化合物开采的政治生态学分析

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104275

Warren Bernauer , James Wilt , Glen Hostetler , Jonathan Peyton

{"title":"Reproducing extractivism: A political ecology analysis of strategic environmental assessment and hydrocarbon extraction in the Arctic","authors":"Warren Bernauer , James Wilt , Glen Hostetler , Jonathan Peyton","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scholars have promoted strategic environment assessments as a solution to the limitations inherent in project-specific environmental assessment. This paper uses a political ecology approach to examine two strategic assessments of offshore hydrocarbon extraction in Arctic Canada. It focuses on ascertaining whether the strategic assessments reproduced the limitations that political ecologists have identified with project-specific assessments, especially the tendency to legitimize status-quo extractivism. Our analysis identifies significant differences between the two assessments in terms of scope, transparency, and treatment of economic alternatives, with one assessment more transparent, robust, and critical of hydrocarbon extraction than the other. However, both strategic assessments were limited by factors political ecologists have identified with project-specific assessment, including reproducing and legitimizing extractivist development paradigms. Drawing on a strategic −relational approach to political ecology, we argue that the differences between the two assessments, as well as their shared limitations, can be partially explained by the different balance of forces surrounding hydrocarbon extraction in each region. Because of their flexible and ad hoc nature, strategic assessments are seemingly more sensitive to variations in political context than their project-specific counterparts. In temporal and geographic contexts where the balance of forces is tilted in favor of extractive industries, strategic assessments are increasingly likely to produce outcomes favourable to industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"162 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gold and geo-uncertainty in the making: The introduction of cyanide in Tanzania’s artisanal and small-scale mining sector 黄金和地理不确定性的形成：氰化物在坦桑尼亚手工和小规模采矿部门的引入

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104276

Anna Frohn Pedersen

{"title":"Gold and geo-uncertainty in the making: The introduction of cyanide in Tanzania’s artisanal and small-scale mining sector","authors":"Anna Frohn Pedersen","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, new cyanidation technologies have transformed artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) practices around the world – an extractive technology that allows actors to efficiently recover gold from mining residues and profit from mining. Based on ethnographic research from the ASGM sector of Northern Tanzania, I explore the transition toward more cyanidation-based extraction. I find inspiration in the anthropological and geographical literature on resource-making highlighting the relational aspects of resource materialities and illustrating how these are made, unmade and remade through various and shifting entanglements that comprise human as well as non-human actors. What is particularly striking about the extractive sector, however, is that resource-making relies on elusive underground materials that can be difficult to anticipate, calculate and estimate. With this in mind, I ask how the use of cyanidation shapes resource-making practices and co-configure issues of geological uncertainty in ASGM? I show that these technologies reconfigure the boundaries between mining waste and resources, while also shaping relations of trust, suspicion and uncertainty as challenges related to resource estimation, partial knowledge and opaque processes have intensified. Based on these findings, I suggest a deeper engagement with the ‘geo-uncertainties’ embedded in the extractive industries, and I argue that these are never fixed conditions, but changing along the developments of new resource-making practices and technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 104276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Platform animal: (de)commodification of anthropomorphic giant panda through the digital platform 平台动物：拟人化大熊猫通过数字平台商品化

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104272

Xiaoting Yang, Yi Yu

引用次数: 0

Production of space and time in ‘New’ Turkey: Re-conquest and resistance in the making of Istanbul Airport “新”土耳其的空间和时间生产：伊斯坦布尔机场制作中的重新征服和抵抗

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104277

Ayşe Serdar

引用次数: 0

Hate beyond the incident: Exploring the presence/absence dynamics of ‘hate relationships’ through geotrauma and haunting 超越事件的仇恨：通过地质创伤和困扰探索“仇恨关系”的存在/缺失动态

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104274

John Clayton , Catherine Donovan , Stephen J. Macdonald

{"title":"Hate beyond the incident: Exploring the presence/absence dynamics of ‘hate relationships’ through geotrauma and haunting","authors":"John Clayton , Catherine Donovan , Stephen J. Macdonald","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper contributes to discussions on the geographies and temporalities of social harm through experiences of ‘hate relationships’. Hate relationships involve repeated domestically concentrated hate-motivated targeting of Othered individuals and families with impacts akin to domestic abuse. We show these experiences not only involve immediate, embodied and enduring violence routed through material conditions and social relations, but also incorporate less obvious experiences of violence through longer lasting effects and prospects of harm in a context where hate relationshipss are institutionally misrecognised and minimised. To make sense of these dynamics we propose that, together, the concepts of geotrauma and haunting allow us to better appreciate these space-times. We consider haunting to emphasise how non-linear time is experienced through situations, materialities and emotions where trauma as a deeply affecting social, spatial and psychological condition manifests. To do this we draw upon anonymised and redacted case notes across two years from a North East based advocacy organisation who work with those victimised by multiple and intersecting forms of hate. We organise our reflections by arguing that hate relationships are experienced as (a) a tangible and enduring presence (b) a seemingly absent presence and (c) a presence that looms. This provides a view of hate which includes, but also goes beyond, discrete and explicitly violent incidents with implications for identification and response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 104274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Afterword: Greeting the border externalization wave in four movements 后记：以四乐章迎接边界外化浪潮

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104273

Olivier Thomas Kramsch

引用次数: 0

Hedging energy transition: Green hydrogen, oil, and low-carbon resilience as state strategy in Namibia 对冲能源转型：绿色氢、石油和低碳弹性作为纳米比亚的国家战略

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104267

Meredith J. DeBoom

{"title":"Hedging energy transition: Green hydrogen, oil, and low-carbon resilience as state strategy in Namibia","authors":"Meredith J. DeBoom","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Policy frameworks increasingly portray energy transition as a mechanism for achieving a range of resilience-related goals, including socio-economic development and energy security. Energy transition is often characterized as a particularly important resilience strategy for lower-income states in the Global South, which face the simultaneous challenges of decarbonization and development. Yet these states, many of which have fossil fuel resources, face distinct constraints and risks in navigating energy transition, including the possibility that promised funding for low-carbon energy projects will never come to fruition or that global decarbonization will be deferred or abandoned completely. This article uses the case study of Namibia to challenge linear, universalizing, and unambiguous narratives of low-carbon resilience, a term I reconceptualize here to refer to the variant, situated, and political relationships between energy transition and resilience. Specifically, I examine how and why the Namibian government has developed a seemingly paradoxical strategy for low-carbon resilience, which leverages new oil extraction to fund the country’s low-carbon industrial development via green hydrogen. Drawing on qualitative analysis over three years, I argue that, far from paradoxical, Namibia’s 'hedging' strategy is a pragmatic response to the structural constraints faced by lower-income, resource-rich Global South states. Yet despite its design as a hedge against multi-faceted and multi-scalar risks, I contend that Namibia's attempt to 'play both sides' of energy transition is likely to ultimately undermine its goal of resilience by compounding existing socio-economic and structural challenges. I conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for the pursuit of equitable decarbonization and development in an unequal world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 104267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Political ecologies of livestock predation: Agrarian change, farming subjectivities and human-wildlife conflict in the European Uplands 牲畜捕食的政治生态学：欧洲高地的土地变化、农业主体性和人类与野生动物的冲突

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104271

Agnese Marino , Tom Fry

{"title":"Political ecologies of livestock predation: Agrarian change, farming subjectivities and human-wildlife conflict in the European Uplands","authors":"Agnese Marino , Tom Fry","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The European uplands are undergoing a significant transition towards a post-productive countryside, centred on the provision of socioenvironmental benefits and the consumption of nature through tourism and amenity development. It is in this context that the rewilding of European uplands is being employed as a strategy to revalorise lands rendered marginal by the confluence of increasingly neoliberal agrarian systems and expanding conservation regimes. This paper aligns with a growing seam of research that seeks to develop a political ecology of Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC), offering a productive and critical corrective to the technical rendering of farming practices and strategies in much of the conservation science literature. However, we argue that beyond revealing the political-economic conditions which generate the material realities of livestock predation, a political ecology of HWC should also demonstrate how these conditions are generative of particular emotive and political responses of environmental subjects. We present case studies from Skye in Scotland and Somiedo in Spain, that demonstrate how political-economic transitions to a post-productivist countryside shape material vulnerability to predation, and in doing so draw strong emotional responses from farmers whose subjectivities are constructed through practice-based, everyday, and embodied engagements with landscapes. Drawing on agrarian studies, critical conservation studies, and relational and feminist approaches to subjectivity, our work argues that a political ecology of livestock predation must account for how agrarian change is both shaping farming practices and farmer’s exposure to predations, and the personal, sociocultural and emotive responses of farmers to carnivore presence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 104271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Progressive Farmers” and the Moral Economy of Standardization in Indian Agri-commodity Markets “进步农民”与印度农产品市场规范的道德经济

IF 3.4 2区社会学

Geoforum Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104265

Amrita Kurian

{"title":"“Progressive Farmers” and the Moral Economy of Standardization in Indian Agri-commodity Markets","authors":"Amrita Kurian","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article employs a historical and ethnographic approach to assess how the term “progressive farmer” is a socializing tool in the moral economy of agriculture in India. The term perpetuates social selectivity by favoring affluent farmers in India’s agri-commodity markets. An ethnography of “progressive farmers” in the Flue-Cured Virginia (FCV) tobacco sector in Andhra Pradesh shows that such socialization is only partially successful. Ambiguous terms like “scientific temperament” and “the will to improvise,” associated with “progressive” and “good” farmers, obscure the fallout of modernization efforts aimed at integrating farmers into global markets. Within the FCV tobacco sector, domestic companies’ persistent use of “progressive farmer” masks how market restructuring and state actions have increasingly burdened farmers with the demand for “high-quality” standardized tobacco. For now, progressive farming is a performance that state and corporate sector authorities engage in to maintain authority and build cordial relations with powerful actors in the countryside. Affluent farmers perform progressiveness to hedge risks in erratic markets, bypass traditional clientelist networks, and garner favor. As the state withdraws from market regulation, “progressive farming” empowers affluent farmers to navigate erratic markets while sidelining smaller farmers, who are left to make high-risk investments without sufficient support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 104265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0